在行中设置 JLabels 并在其旁边放置等效的 JTextField

Question

我正在尝试为基于 Swing 的应用程序创建 4 JLabel 个组件 4 JTextfield 个组件。我在应用程序的众多面板之一中添加这些标签和文本字段。

本面板的class如下：

public class CustomerInfoPanel extends JPanel implements ActionListener {

        private Car[] carList;
        private CarSalesSystem carSystem;
        private int currentIndex = 0;
        private JLabel headingLabel = new JLabel("Enter your details and let us find a car for you");
        private JLabel ageLabel = new JLabel("Age");
        private JLabel genderLabel = new JLabel("Gender");
        private JLabel incomeLabel = new JLabel("Income");
        private JLabel interestLabel = new JLabel("Age");

        private JButton searchButton = new JButton("Search");
        private JButton resetButton = new JButton("Reset");
        private JButton previousButton = new JButton("Previous");
        private JButton nextButton = new JButton("Next");

        //text fields
        private JTextField ageTextField = new JTextField();
        private JTextField genderTextField = new JTextField();
        private JTextField incomeTextField = new JTextField();
        private JTextField interestTextField = new JTextField();

        private JPanel topPanel = new JPanel();
        private JPanel agePanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        private JPanel searchButtonsPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        private JPanel navigateButtonsPanel = new JPanel();
        private CarDetailsComponents carComponents = new CarDetailsComponents();

        /**
         * @param carSys links to a CarSalesSystem object
         * @param dest where the panel will be displayed on the main frame
         */
        public CustomerInfoPanel(CarSalesSystem carSys)
        {
            carSystem = carSys;
            Insets currentInsets;
            GridBagConstraints gridBagConstraints;
            setLayout(new BorderLayout(0, 20));
            topPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(topPanel, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));

            previousButton.addActionListener(this);
            nextButton.addActionListener(this);
            resetButton.addActionListener(this);
            searchButton.addActionListener(this);

            String currentFont = ageLabel.getFont().getName();
            currentInsets =  new Insets(0, 10, 0, 30);

            ageLabel.setFont(new Font(currentFont, Font.BOLD, 12));
            gridBagConstraints = new GridBagConstraints();
            gridBagConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
            gridBagConstraints.insets = currentInsets;
            agePanel.add(ageLabel, gridBagConstraints);

            genderLabel.setFont(new Font(currentFont, Font.BOLD, 12));
            gridBagConstraints = new GridBagConstraints();
            gridBagConstraints.gridx = 0;
            gridBagConstraints.gridy = 1;
            gridBagConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
            gridBagConstraints.insets = currentInsets;
            agePanel.add(genderLabel, gridBagConstraints);

            incomeLabel.setFont(new Font(currentFont, Font.BOLD, 12));
            gridBagConstraints = new GridBagConstraints();
            gridBagConstraints.gridx = 0;
            gridBagConstraints.gridy = 2;
            gridBagConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
            gridBagConstraints.insets = currentInsets;
            agePanel.add(incomeLabel, gridBagConstraints);

            interestLabel.setFont(new Font(currentFont, Font.BOLD, 12));
            gridBagConstraints = new GridBagConstraints();
            gridBagConstraints.gridx = 0;
            gridBagConstraints.gridy = 3;
            gridBagConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
            gridBagConstraints.insets = currentInsets;
            agePanel.add(interestLabel, gridBagConstraints);

            gridBagConstraints = new GridBagConstraints();
            gridBagConstraints.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
            gridBagConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
            gridBagConstraints.weightx = 1.0;
            agePanel.add(ageTextField, gridBagConstraints);

            gridBagConstraints = new GridBagConstraints();
            gridBagConstraints.gridx = 1;
            gridBagConstraints.gridy = 1;
            gridBagConstraints.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
            gridBagConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
            gridBagConstraints.weightx = 1.0;
            agePanel.add(genderTextField, gridBagConstraints);

            gridBagConstraints = new GridBagConstraints();
            gridBagConstraints.gridx = 1;
            gridBagConstraints.gridy = 2;
            gridBagConstraints.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
            gridBagConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
            gridBagConstraints.weightx = 1.0;
            agePanel.add(incomeTextField, gridBagConstraints);

            gridBagConstraints = new GridBagConstraints();
            gridBagConstraints.gridx = 1;
            gridBagConstraints.gridy = 3;
            gridBagConstraints.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
            gridBagConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
            gridBagConstraints.weightx = 1.0;
            agePanel.add(interestTextField, gridBagConstraints);


            searchButtonsPanel.add(searchButton);
            searchButtonsPanel.add(resetButton);
            navigateButtonsPanel.add(previousButton);
            navigateButtonsPanel.add(nextButton);
            agePanel.setBorder(new javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder(new Insets(0, 5, 0, 0)));
            searchButtonsPanel.setBorder(new javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder(new Insets(0, 5, 0, 0)));

            headingLabel.setAlignmentX(0.5f);

            topPanel.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(10));
            topPanel.add(headingLabel);
            topPanel.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(10));
            topPanel.add(agePanel);
            topPanel.add(searchButtonsPanel);
            topPanel.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
            carComponents.add(navigateButtonsPanel, "Center");
            carComponents.setVisible(false);

            add(topPanel, "North");
            add(carComponents, "Center");
        }

但是当我执行上面的代码时，我最终得到以下结果

从图像中可以清楚地看到，文本字段和标签的位置不正确。我在这里做错了什么？

Answer 1

agePanel 使用的是 FlowLayout，但您在添加组件时向其提供了 GridBagConstraints。您需要决定要使用哪个布局管理器。

首先将 agePanel 的布局管理器更改为 GridBagLayout

private JPanel agePanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());

然后提供一个列提示 JTextField

private JTextField ageTextField = new JTextField(10);
private JTextField genderTextField = new JTextField(10);
private JTextField incomeTextField = new JTextField(10);
private JTextField interestTextField = new JTextField(10);

仔细看看Laying Out Components Within a Container并关注不同布局管理器之间的差异

Answer 2

如果你想开发自定义的用户界面，你必须使用下面的方法并在任何你想要的地方自由绑定控件 setLayout(null) 并使用 setBounds( x, y, width, height) 方法绑定控件而不使用任何布局管理器。

在行中设置 JLabels 并在其旁边放置等效的 JTextField

Setting JLabels in rows and placing the equivalent JTextField right next to it

java

swing

jlabel

jtextfield

layout-manager