Python xml 复制特定子元素和所有子元素并更改其名称

Question

我用 xml 的子元素构建了一个完整的根树，只需要在写入文件之前复制某个部分并更改名称，例如

我尝试使用 deepcopy 但没有成功。

示例：

   <main ....>
     <head ....>
      <element 1 .... >
         <sub1 xxx>
            <sub1.2 xxxx>
               <sub1.2.1>
                  <sub1.2.1.1>
                  </sub1.2.1.1>
               <sub1.2.2>
               </sub1.2.2>
                .
                .
                .
      <element_1/>
     </head>
    </main>

新根应该是这样的

 <main ....>
 <head ....>
  <element_1 .... >
     <sub1 xxx>
        <sub1.2 xxxx>
           <sub1.2.1>
              <sub1.2.1.1>
              </sub1.2.1.1>
           <sub1.2.2>
           </sub1.2.2>
            .
            .
            .
  <element_1/>

复制后的新根应该如下所示：

  <new_copy_element .... >  #same data below as the one in element_1
     <sub1 xxx>
        <sub1.2 xxxx>
           <sub1.2.1>
              <sub1.2.1.1>
              </sub1.2.1.1>
           <sub1.2.2>
           </sub1.2.2>
            .
            .
            .
  <new_copy_element/>
 </head>
</main>

克隆之前的当前代码：

parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text=True)
tree = etree.parse(input_filename, parser)
root = tree.getroot()

####    
for elem in root.getiterator():
    if not hasattr(elem.tag, 'find'): continue  # (1)
    i = elem.tag.find('}')
    if i >= 0:
        elem.tag = elem.tag[i+1:]
objectify.deannotate(root, cleanup_namespaces=True)


def write_xml(file, element):
    xmlstr = minidom.parseString(ET.tostring(element)).toprettyxml(indent="  ")
    with open(file, "w") as f:
        f.write(xmlstr)
        f.close()   
    
    
    
head = SubElement(root, 'head')


elem1 = SubElement(head, 'element_1')

elem1.set('xx', xx)
sub1 = SubElement(elem1, 'sub1')
sub1.set('xxx', "yyy")


for key, value in data.items():
    sub11 = SubElement(sub1, 'sub1.1')
    sub11.set('nnn', str(key))
    .
    .     
elem2 = SubElement(elem1, 'elem2')

.
.

write_xml(output_filename,root)

（我需要从 elem1 复制所有数据，但在我调用 write_xml

之前或之后将其命名为 element_2

Answer 1

您好，您使用 deepcopy 中的副本是正确的。我创建了一个简单的 xml 示例并复制了该元素。您无需打印，只需调用您的书写功能即可。

from lxml import etree
import copy

s = """<main>
 <head>
   <elem1>
    <sub1>Example</sub1>
   </elem1>
 </head>
</main>"""

file = etree.fromstring(s)
head = file.find("head")
for elem1 in file.findall(".//elem1"):
    dupe = copy.deepcopy(elem1) #copy <elem1> node
    dupe.tag = "new_copy_element"
    head.append(dupe) #insert the new node

print(etree.tostring(file,pretty_print=True, encoding=str))

Python xml 复制特定子元素和所有子元素并更改其名称

Python xml duplicate a specific sub element and all sub elements and change its name

python

xml

element

copy