django orm 按天数过滤日期时间

Question

我有一个名为 AccessDuration 的模型，其中两个重要字段是 duration（整数）和 lab_start_date（日期时间）。基于这两个领域，我想检查访问持续时间是否已过期。这是通过使用模型函数完成的。

class AccessDuration(models.Model):
    ....
    duration = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=30, help_text=_('In days'))
    lab_start_date = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name=('Start Date'), null=True)

    @property
    def expiration_date(self) -> Union[timezone.datetime, None]:
        if self.lab_start_date:
            return self.lab_start_date + timezone.timedelta(days=self.duration)
        return None

    @property
    def is_expired(self) -> bool:
        """ to check whether duration already expired or yet """
        if self.expiration_date:
            return timezone.now() > self.expiration_date
        return False

但是，我需要这个过滤器才能在我的 Django 管理页面中使用。我试过这个，但似乎还是不行：

from django.db import models
from django.contrib import admin
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.utils import timezone

from .models import AccessDuration


class AccessListFilter(admin.SimpleListFilter):
    title = _('Is Expired')
    parameter_name = 'is_expired'

    def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
        return [
            ('true', _('True')),
            ('false', _('False'))
        ]

    def queryset(self, request, queryset):
        value = self.value()
        expiration_date = models.ExpressionWrapper(
            models.F('lab_start_date') + (timezone.timedelta(days=1) * models.F('duration')),
            output_field=models.DateTimeField()
        )
        if value == 'true':
            return queryset.annotate(expiration_date=expiration_date)\
                           .filter(expiration_date__lt=timezone.now())
        elif value == 'false':
            return queryset.annotate(expiration_date=expiration_date)\
                           .filter(expiration_date__gte=timezone.now())
        return queryset


class AccessAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_filter = (AccessListFilter, 'lab_start_date')


admin.site.register(AccessDuration, AccessAdmin)

我发现的错误；

经@William解决，我对manager做了一些修改；

class AccessDurationQuerySet(models.QuerySet):

    def filter_expiration(self, is_expired: bool = False):
        """
        To filter whether AccessDuration already expired or yet.
        don't use the same `expiration_date` as expression key,
        because it will clash with `AccessDuration.expiration_date` property.
        Issue: 
        """
        kwargs = {'_expiration_date__gte': Now()}
        if is_expired:
            del kwargs['_expiration_date__gte']
            kwargs['_expiration_date__lt'] = Now()

        return self.all().annotate(
            _expiration_date=models.ExpressionWrapper(
                models.F('lab_start_date') + (timezone.timedelta(days=1) * models.F('duration')),
                output_field=models.DateTimeField()
            )
        ).filter(**kwargs)


class AccessDurationManager(
    models.Manager.from_queryset(AccessDurationQuerySet),
    DefaultManager
):

    def published(self):
        return super().published().filter(
            status=AccessDurationStatusChoices.active
        )


class AccessDuration(models.Model):
    ....
    objects = AccessDurationManager()

然后在我们的ORM中；

AccessDuration.objects.filter_expiration(is_expired=True)

或者在我们的admin.py;

class ExpirationListFilter(admin.SimpleListFilter):
    title = _('Is Expired')
    parameter_name = 'is_expired'

    def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
        return [
            (True, True),
            (False, False)
        ]

    def queryset(self, request, queryset):
        value = str(self.value()).lower()
        if value == 'true':
            return queryset.filter_expiration(is_expired=True)
        elif value == 'false':
            return queryset.filter_expiration(is_expired=False)
        return queryset


class AccessAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    ...
    list_filter = (ExpirationListFilter, ...)

Answer 1

你应该使用另一个expiration_date的名称来注释。例如：

from django.db.models.functions import Now

if value == 'true':
    return queryset.annotate(
        <strong>_expiration_date</strong>=expiration_date
    ).filter(<strong>_expiration_date</strong>__lt=Now())
elif value == 'false':
    return queryset.annotate(
        <strong>_expiration_date</strong>=expiration_date
    ).filter(<strong>_expiration_date</strong>__gte=Now())

django orm 按天数过滤日期时间

django orm filter datetime by integer of days

python

django

postgresql

django-admin

django-orm