如何使用解耦的django

Question

我正在尝试对项目中的敏感数据使用 python-解耦，但是当我将 decouple.config 用于 SECRET_KEY 时，它会引发错误

错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 21, in <module>
    main()
  File "manage.py", line 17, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/home/admin/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/admin/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 345, in execute
    settings.INSTALLED_APPS
  File "/home/admin/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 76, in __getattr__
    self._setup(name)
  File "/home/admin/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 63, in _setup
    self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
  File "/home/admin/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 142, in __init__
    mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/home/admin/Legaland/src/sqh/settings/dev.py", line 1, in <module>
    from ._base import *
  File "/home/admin/Legaland/src/sqh/settings/_base.py", line 40, in <module>
    SECRET_KEY = config("SECRET_KEY")
  File "/home/admin/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/decouple.py", line 199, in __call__
    return self.config(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/admin/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/decouple.py", line 83, in __call__
    return self.get(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/admin/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/decouple.py", line 65, in get
    value = self.repository[option]
  File "/home/admin/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/decouple.py", line 113, in __getitem__
    return self.parser.get(self.SECTION, key)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/configparser.py", line 800, in get
    d)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/configparser.py", line 394, in before_get
    self._interpolate_some(parser, option, L, value, section, defaults, 1)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/configparser.py", line 444, in _interpolate_some
    "found: %r" % (rest,))
configparser.InterpolationSyntaxError: '%' must be followed by '%' or '(', found: '%^e=(r2l0*73)4zxv!(!4x(%(_koxr049zlesn3"'

我怎样才能把它读成 SECRET_KEY 作为文本

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = config("SECRET_KEY")

我已经在使用 .ini 文件作为我的电子邮件地址和密码问题是它试图执行 SECRET_KEY 而不是将其作为原始文本接受我该如何防止它

Answer 1

你应该有一个像下面这样的 env 文件

.env

SECRET_KEY='aaassskkkk'

然后使用以下命令获取您的 .env 文件

source .env

然后尝试下面的代码它会起作用

from decouple import config
SECRET_KEY = config('SECRET_KEY', '')

如果在 env 中找不到 SECRET_KEY 它将作为 ''

Answer 2

Decouple 支持 .ini 和 .env 文件。要使用 .env 文件，只需在存储库的根目录中创建一个 .env 文本文件。

SECRET_KEY='super-secret-key'

您也可以覆盖参数

SECRET_KEY='other-secret-key' python manage.py runserver

Answer 3

切中要点，正如 Henrique Bastos 所说，here:

Note: Since ConfigParser supports string interpolation, to represent the character % you need to escape it as %%.

要使用 python-与 .ini 文件分离，您可以这样做：像第一个答案中所说的那样使用你的变量：

SECRET_KEY = config(SECRET_KEY, default='some-random-text')

如果需要，您可以使用强制转换，例如：

DEBUG = config(DEBUG, default=True, cast=bool)# in the .ini file, the DEBUG value can be: 0, 1, True, False...

所以最后，你的回溯错误显示你的 .ini 字符串值中有一个百分号，你可能需要按照官方文档中的说明用 %% 做一个 scapehttps://github.com/henriquebastos/python-decouple

使用双百分比执行转义解析器，而不是只有一个，错误就会消失！

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