Perl LWP::Simple 从 Ubuntu 服务器获取失败，但不是本地机器

Question

我正在尝试使用类似这样的方式从网页中获取内容

#!/usr/bin/perl
use LWP::Simple;
use LWP::Protocol::https;
$url = 'https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=protein&id=YP_009724389.1&rettype=ft&retmode=text';
$res = getprint($url);
print $res;

此代码在我的本地计算机 (MacOS) 上运行良好，但无法在服务器上运行。 Python wget 从服务器在此 URL 上工作，而 Perl 在其他 url 上工作。我是 Perl 的新手，这里是模块的服务器和本地版本。

服务器： Perl (v5.22.1) libwww-perl 已经是最新版本 (6.15-1)

本地： Perl (v5.30.2) LWP::Simple（不确定，但它刚刚安装，所以是最新的）

编辑：错误信息是这样的： 500 无法连接到 eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:443 test.pl

编辑 2： HTTPS 协议在 ubuntu 服务器上 liblwp-protocol-https-perl 已经是最新版本 (6.06-2)

编辑 3：详细的错误消息如下所示

DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:2733: free ctx 38676848 open=38676848
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:2738: free ctx 38676848 callback
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:2745: OK free ctx 38676848
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:2700: new ctx 39560272
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:612: socket not yet connected
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:614: socket connected
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:636: ssl handshake not started
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:669: using SNI with hostname eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:704: request OCSP stapling
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:723: set socket to non-blocking to enforce timeout=180
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:736: call Net::SSLeay::connect
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:739: done Net::SSLeay::connect -> -1
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:749: ssl handshake in progress
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:759: waiting for fd to become ready: SSL wants a read first
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:779: socket ready, retrying connect
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:736: call Net::SSLeay::connect
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:739: done Net::SSLeay::connect -> -1
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:742: SSL connect attempt failed

DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:742: local error: SSL connect attempt failed error:14077410:SSL routines:SSL23_GET_SERVER_HELLO:sslv3 alert handshake failure
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:745: fatal SSL error: SSL connect attempt failed error:14077410:SSL routines:SSL23_GET_SERVER_HELLO:sslv3 alert handshake failure
DEBUG: ...erl5/Net/HTTPS.pm:69: ignoring less severe local error 'IO::Socket::IP configuration failed', keep 'SSL connect attempt failed error:14077410:SSL routines:SSL23_GET_SERVER_HELLO:sslv3 alert handshake failure'
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:2733: free ctx 39560272 open=39560272
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:2738: free ctx 39560272 callback
DEBUG: .../IO/Socket/SSL.pm:2745: OK free ctx 39560272

我现在也尝试使用 LWP::UserAgent 等效代码并且不需要证书。

编辑 4：

1..3
ok 1 - loaded
# openssl version compiled=0x1000205f linked=0x1000207f -- OpenSSL 1.0.2g  1 Mar 2016
# Net::SSLeay version=1.72
# parent IO::Socket::IP version=0.37
ok 2 - IO::Socket::SSL::DEBUG 1
ok 3 - Net::SSLeay::trace 1

curl 输出，成功。

*   Trying 130.14.29.110...
* Connected to eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (130.14.29.110) port 443 (#0)
* found 129 certificates in /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
* found 516 certificates in /etc/ssl/certs
* ALPN, offering http/1.1
* SSL connection using TLS1.2 / ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
*    server certificate verification OK
*    server certificate status verification SKIPPED
*    common name: *.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (matched)
*    server certificate expiration date OK
*    server certificate activation date OK
*    certificate public key: RSA
*    certificate version: #3
*    subject: C=US,ST=Maryland,L=Bethesda,O=National Library of Medicine,CN=*.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
*    start date: Tue, 20 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT
*    expire date: Wed, 10 Aug 2022 23:59:59 GMT
*    issuer: C=US,O=DigiCert Inc,CN=DigiCert TLS RSA SHA256 2020 CA1
*    compression: NULL
* ALPN, server accepted to use http/1.1
> GET /entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=protein&id=YP_009724389.1&rettype=ft&retmode=text HTTP/1.1
> Host: eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
> User-Agent: curl/7.47.0
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Date: Fri, 17 Sep 2021 15:27:15 GMT
< Server: Finatra
< Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
< Content-Security-Policy: upgrade-insecure-requests
< X-Test-Test: test42
< Cache-Control: private
< NCBI-PHID: 322C09A5C8CE1A1500004CCDDDF835FE.1.1.m_5
< X-RateLimit-Remaining: 2
< NCBI-SID: 1CC49D756062E8D4_7834SID
< X-RateLimit-Limit: 3
< Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
< Access-Control-Expose-Headers: X-RateLimit-Limit,X-RateLimit-Remaining
< Content-Type: text/plain
< Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="sequence.txt"
< Set-Cookie: ncbi_sid=1CC49D756062E8D4_7834SID; domain=.nih.gov; path=/; expires=Sat, 17 Sep 2022 15:27:15 GMT
< Vary: Accept-Encoding
< X-UA-Compatible: IE=Edge
< X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
< Transfer-Encoding: chunked

Answer 1

... OpenSSL 1.0.2g 1 Mar 2016

很老了。根据这些信息，我假设 Ubuntu 16.04 或类似值。

服务器仅支持少数密码，其中 none 属于此旧版本中 IO::Socket::SSL 使用的默认密码集。要变通，请使用 ssl_opts 和 SSL_cipher_list:

明确允许更广泛的密码集

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use LWP::UserAgent;
my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;
$ua->ssl_opts(SSL_cipher_list => 'DEFAULT');
my $url = 'https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=protein&id=YP_009724389.1&rettype=ft&retmode=text';
my $res = $ua->get($url);
print $res->decoded_content;

Perl LWP::Simple 从 Ubuntu 服务器获取失败，但不是本地机器

Perl LWP::Simple get fails from Ubuntu server, but not local machine

perl

lwp

ubuntu-16.04