C 和 GTK3 - 如何 运行 一个线程不间断?
C and GTK3 - How to run a thread uninterrupted?
我一直在尝试:显示 4 个随机的骰子面,相隔 0.4 秒,给人一种骰子正在滚动的印象。我已将执行此操作的代码放在线程中。
但程序在少量“滚动”后崩溃。有时甚至连第一卷都过不去。生成各种 运行 时间错误。
我最后尝试的是线程代码的互斥保护。我怀疑这只是保护代码免受其他线程的影响,但我的程序没有其他线程。
该程序 运行ning 在 Linux 下,编译时使用:gcc -rdynamic -o test3d1 test3d1.c pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <time.h>
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *butt;
GtkWidget *image;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf1;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf2;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf3;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf4;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf5;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf6;
pthread_t thread;
void *fn_thread ()
{
gtk_widget_set_sensitive (butt, FALSE);
int i;
for(i = 1; i < 5; i++)
{
int j;
j = rand () % 6 + 1;
switch (j)
{
case 1: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf1); break;
case 2: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf2); break;
case 3: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf3); break;
case 4: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf4); break;
case 5: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf5); break;
default: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf6);
}
usleep (400000);
}
gtk_widget_set_sensitive (butt, TRUE);
return NULL;
}
void startthread ()
{
pthread_create (&thread, NULL, fn_thread, NULL);
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
srand (time(0));
pixbuf1 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_1_48x48.png", NULL);
pixbuf2 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_2_48x48.png", NULL);
pixbuf3 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_3_48x48.png", NULL);
pixbuf4 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_4_48x48.png", NULL);
pixbuf5 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_5_48x48.png", NULL);
pixbuf6 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_6_48x48.png", NULL);
image = gtk_image_new ();
gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf1);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
gtk_window_set_default_size (GTK_WINDOW (window), 150, 100);
butt = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Roll");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (butt), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (startthread), NULL);
vbox = gtk_box_new (GTK_ORIENTATION_VERTICAL,10);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox),image,0,0,0);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox),butt,0,0,0);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);
gtk_widget_show_all (window);
gtk_main ();
pthread_join (thread, NULL);
return 0;
}
正如 this 回答中所指出的,除了执行 gtk_main
的线程之外,您不应该从任何其他线程调用 GTK 函数。
事实上,在 event-driven program 中你根本不应该使用额外的线程,除非你需要优化一些繁重的计算。你应该做的是利用你的事件驱动框架的特性,在你的例子中是 GTK,以便在主线程中执行所有事件处理。
在你的情况下,这意味着你应该使用 g_timeout_add
函数来安排定期从主线程调用你的动画函数:
gboolean fn_roll_dice (gpointer)
{
gtk_widget_set_sensitive (butt, FALSE);
int j = rand () % 6 + 1;
switch (j)
{
case 1: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf1); break;
case 2: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf2); break;
case 3: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf3); break;
case 4: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf4); break;
case 5: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf5); break;
default: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf6);
}
gtk_widget_set_sensitive (butt, TRUE);
return TRUE;
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
...
g_timeout_add (400, fn_roll_dice, NULL);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
}
我一直在尝试:显示 4 个随机的骰子面,相隔 0.4 秒,给人一种骰子正在滚动的印象。我已将执行此操作的代码放在线程中。
但程序在少量“滚动”后崩溃。有时甚至连第一卷都过不去。生成各种 运行 时间错误。
我最后尝试的是线程代码的互斥保护。我怀疑这只是保护代码免受其他线程的影响,但我的程序没有其他线程。
该程序 运行ning 在 Linux 下,编译时使用:gcc -rdynamic -o test3d1 test3d1.c pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <time.h>
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *butt;
GtkWidget *image;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf1;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf2;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf3;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf4;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf5;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf6;
pthread_t thread;
void *fn_thread ()
{
gtk_widget_set_sensitive (butt, FALSE);
int i;
for(i = 1; i < 5; i++)
{
int j;
j = rand () % 6 + 1;
switch (j)
{
case 1: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf1); break;
case 2: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf2); break;
case 3: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf3); break;
case 4: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf4); break;
case 5: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf5); break;
default: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf6);
}
usleep (400000);
}
gtk_widget_set_sensitive (butt, TRUE);
return NULL;
}
void startthread ()
{
pthread_create (&thread, NULL, fn_thread, NULL);
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
srand (time(0));
pixbuf1 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_1_48x48.png", NULL);
pixbuf2 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_2_48x48.png", NULL);
pixbuf3 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_3_48x48.png", NULL);
pixbuf4 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_4_48x48.png", NULL);
pixbuf5 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_5_48x48.png", NULL);
pixbuf6 = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file ("dice_6_48x48.png", NULL);
image = gtk_image_new ();
gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf1);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
gtk_window_set_default_size (GTK_WINDOW (window), 150, 100);
butt = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Roll");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (butt), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (startthread), NULL);
vbox = gtk_box_new (GTK_ORIENTATION_VERTICAL,10);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox),image,0,0,0);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox),butt,0,0,0);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);
gtk_widget_show_all (window);
gtk_main ();
pthread_join (thread, NULL);
return 0;
}
正如 this 回答中所指出的,除了执行 gtk_main
的线程之外,您不应该从任何其他线程调用 GTK 函数。
事实上,在 event-driven program 中你根本不应该使用额外的线程,除非你需要优化一些繁重的计算。你应该做的是利用你的事件驱动框架的特性,在你的例子中是 GTK,以便在主线程中执行所有事件处理。
在你的情况下,这意味着你应该使用 g_timeout_add
函数来安排定期从主线程调用你的动画函数:
gboolean fn_roll_dice (gpointer)
{
gtk_widget_set_sensitive (butt, FALSE);
int j = rand () % 6 + 1;
switch (j)
{
case 1: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf1); break;
case 2: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf2); break;
case 3: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf3); break;
case 4: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf4); break;
case 5: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf5); break;
default: gtk_image_set_from_pixbuf (GTK_IMAGE (image), pixbuf6);
}
gtk_widget_set_sensitive (butt, TRUE);
return TRUE;
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
...
g_timeout_add (400, fn_roll_dice, NULL);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
}