django rest Error - AttributeError: module 'collections' has no attribute 'MutableMapping'
django rest Error - AttributeError: module 'collections' has no attribute 'MutableMapping'
我正在构建 Django 应用程序，它在我的机器上运行良好，但是当我 运行 在 docker 容器中时，它的 rest 框架不断崩溃，但是当我评论与 rest 框架的任何连接时它工作正常。
- 我的机器：Kali Linux 2021.3
- docker 机器：Raspberry Pi 4 4gb
- docker 容器镜像：python:rc-alpine3.14
- python 我机器上的版本：Python 3.9.7
- python 容器版本：Python 3.10.0rc2
错误输出：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/app/manage.py", line 22, in <module>
main()
File "/app/manage.py", line 18, in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 419, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 413, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 23, in run_from_argv
super().run_from_argv(argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 354, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 398, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 55, in handle
failures = test_runner.run_tests(test_labels)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 728, in run_tests
self.run_checks(databases)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 665, in run_checks
call_command('check', verbosity=self.verbosity, databases=databases)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 181, in call_command
return command.execute(*args, **defaults)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 398, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/check.py", line 63, in handle
self.check(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 419, in check
all_issues = checks.run_checks(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 76, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs, databases=databases)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 13, in check_url_config
return check_resolver(resolver)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 23, in check_resolver
return check_method()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 412, in check
for pattern in self.url_patterns:
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 48, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 598, in url_patterns
patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 48, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 591, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/app/project/urls.py", line 24, in <module>
path("", include("apps.urls", namespace="apps")),
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/conf.py", line 34, in include
urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/app/apps/urls.py", line 3, in <module>
from . import api
File "/app/apps/api.py", line 1, in <module>
from .serializers import *
File "/app/apps/serializers.py", line 1, in <module>
from rest_framework import serializers
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 27, in <module>
from rest_framework.compat import postgres_fields
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/rest_framework/compat.py", line 59, in <module>
import requests
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/requests/__init__.py", line 63, in <module>
from . import utils
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/requests/utils.py", line 27, in <module>
from .cookies import RequestsCookieJar, cookiejar_from_dict
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/requests/cookies.py", line 172, in <module>
class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, collections.MutableMapping):
AttributeError: module 'collections' has no attribute 'MutableMapping'
Docker 文件
FROM python:rc-alpine3.14
COPY . /app
WORKDIR /app
ENV UWSGI_PROFILE=core
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=TRUE
RUN apk add --update --no-cache g++ gcc libxslt-dev # add some nessery libs
RUN apk add python3-dev build-base linux-headers pcre-dev
RUN pip3 install -U pip # upgrade pip
RUN apk update \
&& apk add --virtual build-deps gcc python3-dev musl-dev \
&& apk add jpeg-dev zlib-dev libjpeg \
&& pip install Pillow \
&& apk del build-deps
RUN apk add --no-cache --virtual=build-dependencies wget ca-certificates && \
wget "https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py" -O /dev/stdout | python
RUN pip install uwsgi
RUN pip3 install -r requirements.txt # install all requirements
RUN python uploadstatics.py
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["gunicorn","project.wsgi:application", "-b 0.0.0.0:8060"]
备注：
- 我使用 gunicorn 来 运行 应用程序（错误显示即使我 运行 不是 manage.py）
您可以降级 Python 版本。那应该可以解决您的问题；如果不是，请使用 collections.abc.Mapping 而不是已弃用的 collections.Mapping.
参考这里：Link
在您的 docker 文件中，您将图像设置为 python:rc-alpine3.14，它使用 python 3.10。考虑到 3.10 是最近发布的，许多软件包尚未升级，并且取决于您在 requirements.txt 中的版本限制，这也可能导致版本不兼容。这里的问题是 Django Rest 框架使用使用 collections.MutableMapping 的请求包，如果我在 python 3.9 中写这个，我收到以下警告，说这将在 3.10 中删除，因此你应该降级现在 python 3.9:
Warning (from warnings module):
File "<pyshell#1>", line 1
DeprecationWarning: Using or importing the ABCs from 'collections' instead of from 'collections.abc' is deprecated since Python 3.3, and in 3.10 it will stop working
关于将 python:rc-alpine3.14 写成图像的另一件事是要求您破解代码！指定一个特定的稳定和发布版本而不是发布候选 rc:
FROM python:3.9.7-alpine3.14
...
我正在构建 Django 应用程序，它在我的机器上运行良好，但是当我 运行 在 docker 容器中时，它的 rest 框架不断崩溃，但是当我评论与 rest 框架的任何连接时它工作正常。
- 我的机器：Kali Linux 2021.3
- docker 机器：Raspberry Pi 4 4gb
- docker 容器镜像：python:rc-alpine3.14
- python 我机器上的版本：Python 3.9.7
- python 容器版本：Python 3.10.0rc2
错误输出：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/app/manage.py", line 22, in <module>
main()
File "/app/manage.py", line 18, in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 419, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 413, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 23, in run_from_argv
super().run_from_argv(argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 354, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 398, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 55, in handle
failures = test_runner.run_tests(test_labels)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 728, in run_tests
self.run_checks(databases)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 665, in run_checks
call_command('check', verbosity=self.verbosity, databases=databases)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 181, in call_command
return command.execute(*args, **defaults)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 398, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/check.py", line 63, in handle
self.check(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 419, in check
all_issues = checks.run_checks(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 76, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs, databases=databases)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 13, in check_url_config
return check_resolver(resolver)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 23, in check_resolver
return check_method()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 412, in check
for pattern in self.url_patterns:
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 48, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 598, in url_patterns
patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 48, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 591, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/app/project/urls.py", line 24, in <module>
path("", include("apps.urls", namespace="apps")),
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/conf.py", line 34, in include
urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/app/apps/urls.py", line 3, in <module>
from . import api
File "/app/apps/api.py", line 1, in <module>
from .serializers import *
File "/app/apps/serializers.py", line 1, in <module>
from rest_framework import serializers
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 27, in <module>
from rest_framework.compat import postgres_fields
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/rest_framework/compat.py", line 59, in <module>
import requests
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/requests/__init__.py", line 63, in <module>
from . import utils
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/requests/utils.py", line 27, in <module>
from .cookies import RequestsCookieJar, cookiejar_from_dict
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/requests/cookies.py", line 172, in <module>
class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, collections.MutableMapping):
AttributeError: module 'collections' has no attribute 'MutableMapping'
Docker 文件
FROM python:rc-alpine3.14
COPY . /app
WORKDIR /app
ENV UWSGI_PROFILE=core
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=TRUE
RUN apk add --update --no-cache g++ gcc libxslt-dev # add some nessery libs
RUN apk add python3-dev build-base linux-headers pcre-dev
RUN pip3 install -U pip # upgrade pip
RUN apk update \
&& apk add --virtual build-deps gcc python3-dev musl-dev \
&& apk add jpeg-dev zlib-dev libjpeg \
&& pip install Pillow \
&& apk del build-deps
RUN apk add --no-cache --virtual=build-dependencies wget ca-certificates && \
wget "https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py" -O /dev/stdout | python
RUN pip install uwsgi
RUN pip3 install -r requirements.txt # install all requirements
RUN python uploadstatics.py
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["gunicorn","project.wsgi:application", "-b 0.0.0.0:8060"]
备注：
- 我使用 gunicorn 来 运行 应用程序（错误显示即使我 运行 不是 manage.py）
您可以降级 Python 版本。那应该可以解决您的问题；如果不是，请使用 collections.abc.Mapping 而不是已弃用的 collections.Mapping.
参考这里：Link
在您的 docker 文件中，您将图像设置为 python:rc-alpine3.14，它使用 python 3.10。考虑到 3.10 是最近发布的，许多软件包尚未升级，并且取决于您在 requirements.txt 中的版本限制，这也可能导致版本不兼容。这里的问题是 Django Rest 框架使用使用 collections.MutableMapping 的请求包，如果我在 python 3.9 中写这个，我收到以下警告，说这将在 3.10 中删除，因此你应该降级现在 python 3.9:
Warning (from warnings module):
File "<pyshell#1>", line 1
DeprecationWarning: Using or importing the ABCs from 'collections' instead of from 'collections.abc' is deprecated since Python 3.3, and in 3.10 it will stop working
关于将 python:rc-alpine3.14 写成图像的另一件事是要求您破解代码！指定一个特定的稳定和发布版本而不是发布候选 rc:
FROM python:3.9.7-alpine3.14
...