使用 CLion 在 Mac M1 上的 Cmake 项目中添加 assimp

Question

一周以来，我尝试将 assimp 库包含到我的 OpenGL 项目中，但没有成功。我使用 Mac M1，但出现以下错误

Undefined symbols for architecture arm64:
  "Assimp::Importer::ReadFile(char const*, unsigned int)", referenced from:
      Assimp::Importer::ReadFile(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> > const&, unsigned int) in Model.cpp.o
  "Assimp::Importer::Importer()", referenced from:
      Model::loadModel(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >) in Model.cpp.o
  "Assimp::Importer::~Importer()", referenced from:
      Model::loadModel(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >) in Model.cpp.o
  "Assimp::Importer::GetErrorString() const", referenced from:
      Model::loadModel(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >) in Model.cpp.o
  "_aiGetMaterialTexture", referenced from:
      aiMaterial::GetTexture(aiTextureType, unsigned int, aiString*, aiTextureMapping*, unsigned int*, float*, aiTextureOp*, aiTextureMapMode*) const in Model.cpp.o
  "_aiGetMaterialTextureCount", referenced from:
      aiMaterial::GetTextureCount(aiTextureType) const in Model.cpp.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture arm64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make[3]: *** [opengl_tuto] Error 1
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/opengl_tuto.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/opengl_tuto.dir/rule] Error 2
make: *** [opengl_tuto] Error 2

这是我的 CmakeLists.txt :

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.19)
project(opengl_tuto)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)

add_executable(opengl_tuto src/main.cpp
        src/Shader.cpp src/Shader.h
        src/CubeTexture.cpp src/CubeTexture.h
        src/Camera.cpp src/Camera.h
        src/entity/Cube.cpp src/entity/Cube.h
        src/Mesh.cpp src/Mesh.h src/Model.cpp src/Model.h)

if(APPLE)
    set(OPENGL_MAC_DIR /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Versions/A/Headers/)
    target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${OPENGL_MAC_DIR})
else()
    find_package(OpenGL REQUIRED)
    set(LIBS OpenGL)
    # Define the link libraries
    target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC ${LIBS})
    target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${LIBS})
endif()
set(LIB_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/libs/thirdparty")

#GLFW
set(GLFW_DIR ${LIB_DIR}/glfw)

set(GLFW_BUILD_EXAMPLES OFF CACHE INTERNAL "Build the GLFW example programs")
set(GLFW_BUILD_TESTS OFF CACHE INTERNAL "Build the GLFW test programs")
set(GLFW_BUILD_DOCS OFF CACHE INTERNAL "Build the GLFW documentation")
set(GLFW_INSTALL OFF CACHE INTERNAL "Generate installation target")

add_subdirectory(${GLFW_DIR})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} glfw ${GLFW_LIBRARIES})
target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${GLFW_DIR}/include)
include_directories(${GLFW_DIR}/include)


set(ASSIMP_DIR ${LIB_DIR}/assimp/)
add_subdirectory(${ASSIMP_DIR})
include_directories(${ASSIMP_DIR}/include)

#glad
set(GLAD_DIR ${LIB_DIR}/glad)
add_library("glad" ${GLAD_DIR}/src/glad.c src/entity/Cube.cpp src/entity/Cube.h)
target_include_directories(glad PRIVATE ${GLAD_DIR}/include)
target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${GLAD_DIR}/include)
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} "glad" "${CMAKE_DL_LIBS}")

set(STB_DIR ${LIB_DIR}/stb_image)
add_library(stb_image ${STB_DIR}/stb_image.cpp)
target_include_directories(stb_image PRIVATE ${STB_DIR})
target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${STB_DIR})
include_directories(${STB_DIR})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} "stb_image" "${CMAKE_DL_LIBS}")

set(GLM_DIR ${LIB_DIR}/glm)
#add_package(glm ${GLM_DIR})
include_directories(${GLM_DIR})

为了包含 assimp 库，我在 github 页面（版本 5.0.1）上下载了 zip 文件，将其解压缩到我项目的 libs/thirdparty 文件夹中，启动 cmake . 命令和 make 一个。我不是很熟悉cmake，所以可能是我在编译过程中出错了。

我看到这个库有一个可以通过 Homebrew 获得的版本，但我无法让它工作。

有没有人知道如何解决这个问题？

提前致谢吕克萨斯

Answer 1

如果您通过 add_subdirectory 将 Assimp 项目包含到您的 CMakeLists.txt 中，那么它会创建 assimp 目标，其中包含有关 assimp 的所有知识。

所以，它的用法很简单：

# That line handles both library linking and assimp include directories.
target_link_libraries(opengl_tuto assimp)

或者，您可以使用 ALIAS 目标而不是“正常”assimp 目标 assimp::assimp:

target_link_libraries(opengl_tuto assimp::assimp)

使用 ALIAS 目标有以下优点：

CMake 自动检查 target assimp::assimp 是否存在，如果不存在则发出错误。（如果你 link 与 assimp 目标和给定的目标不存在，那么 CMake 只是将 -lassimp 选项传递给 linker。很可能这个选项导致 link失败。）
您是否会将您的项目转换为使用 find_package(assimp) 而不是 add_subdirectory 方法，linkage 保持不变。（使用 find_package 方法 assimp 未创建目标）。

使用 CLion 在 Mac M1 上的 Cmake 项目中添加 assimp

Add assimp in Cmake project on Mac M1 with CLion

c++

cmake

apple-m1

assimp