如何在awk中切割字段

Question

我想写脚本文件来切割字段然后用它来比较字段然后打印例如：我的输入文件

ADC1/asf/sd/df_adc1/125125
AED1/asf/sd/df_aed1/asfk
ASQ2/asf/df_asq2/aks
ABX5/df_abx5/asf/sd/sdgqw

输出文件：最后一个字段将从头开始打印到与第一个字段相同但不大写的字段。我将比较第一个字段，然后找到单词并从开始打印到我比较过的单词。

ADC1/asf/sd/df_adc1/125125     ADC1   ADC1/asf/sd/df_adc1
AED1/asf/sd/sf_aed1/asfk   AED1   AED1/asf/sd/sf_aed1
ASQ2/asf/dg_asq2/aks    ASQ2   ASQ2/asf/dg_asq2
ABX5/da_abx5/asf/sd/sdgqw  ABX5   ABX5/da_abx5

我曾使用 awk 拆分 :

awk '{split(,a,"/"); {print , a[1]}}' input > output

和那样的输出

ADC1/asf/sd/df_adc1/125125  ADC1
AED1/asf/sd/df_aed1/asfk   AED1
ASQ2/asf/df_asq2/aks      ASQ2   
ABX5/df_abx5/asf/sd/sdgqw  ABX5

但我不知道如何比较最后一个字段

Answer 1

使用您展示的示例，请尝试执行以下 awk 程序。

awk '
BEGIN{ FS=OFS="/" }
{
  val=""
  for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){
    if(i>1 && index(tolower($i),tolower())){
      print [=10=]" "" "val OFS $i
    }
    val=(val?val OFS:"")$i
  }
}
'  Input_file

说明：为上述解决方案添加详细说明。

awk '                            ##Starting awk program from here.
BEGIN{ FS=OFS="/" }              ##Setting FS and OFS as / here.
{
  val=""                         ##Nullifying val here.
  for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){            ##Traversing through all fields here.
    if(i>1 && index(tolower($i),tolower())){  ##Checking if field is greater than 1 and   is found in $i(current field) in case-insensitive mode then do following.
      print [=11=]" "" "val OFS $i ##Printing current line first field val OFS and current field.
    }
    val=(val?val OFS:"")$i       ##Creating val which has val and current field value in it.
  }
}
'  Input_file                    ##Mentioning Input_file name here.

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