在没有 GPU 支持的 MacOS 上安装 cupy

Question

我一直在论坛上转来转去，尝试在没有 Nvidia GPU 的设备上尝试在 MacOS 运行上安装 cupy 的不同方法。到目前为止，没有任何效果。我已经尝试了 Python 3.7 的 Homebrew 安装和 Python 3.7 的 conda 安装，并尝试了以下各项：

conda install -c conda-forge cupy
conda install cupy
pip install cupy

git clone https://github.com/cupy/cupy.git
cd cupy
git submodule update --init
pip install -e .

错误总是一脉相承...对于 conda，MacOS 存储库没有它，对于 pip，安装抱怨 CUDA 没有安装在我的系统上。根据我在网上阅读的内容，cupy 应该能够安装为 CPU-仅用于开发目的，我希望有人可以阐明我可以做些什么来获得一个有效的安装。

这是一个错误日志示例，供 pip install cupy 参考：

    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Users/nold/miniconda3/envs/SPANet/bin/python -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base /private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-pip-egg-info-2bbvs1rw
         cwd: /private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/
    Complete output (49 lines):
    Options: {'package_name': 'cupy', 'long_description': None, 'wheel_libs': [], 'wheel_includes': [], 'wheel_metadata': None, 'no_rpath': False, 'profile': False, 'linetrace': False, 'annotate': False, 'no_cuda': False, 'use_hip': False}
    
    -------- Configuring Module: cuda --------
    Command "gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/Users/ajpfahnl/miniconda3/envs/SPANet/include -arch x86_64 -I/Users/ajpfahnl/miniconda3/envs/SPANet/include -arch x86_64 -D_FORCE_INLINES=1 -I/private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/install/../cupy/_core/include/cupy/cub -I/private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/install/../cupy/_core/include -c /var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/tmphc_ag1dw/a.cpp -o /var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/tmphc_ag1dw/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/tmphc_ag1dw/a.o" failed with exit status 1
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/setup.py", line 118, in <module>
        ext_modules = cupy_setup_build.get_ext_modules()
      File "/private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/cupy_setup_build.py", line 963, in get_ext_modules
        extensions = make_extensions(arg_options, compiler, use_cython)
      File "/private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/cupy_setup_build.py", line 693, in make_extensions
        raise Exception('Your CUDA environment is invalid. '
    Exception: Your CUDA environment is invalid. Please check above error log.
    **************************************************
    *** WARNING: Cannot check compute capability
    Command "gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/Users/ajpfahnl/miniconda3/envs/SPANet/include -arch x86_64 -I/Users/ajpfahnl/miniconda3/envs/SPANet/include -arch x86_64 -I/private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/install/../cupy/_core/include/cupy/cub -I/private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/install/../cupy/_core/include -c /var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/tmpkdbb5_vj/a.cpp -o /var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/tmpkdbb5_vj/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/tmpkdbb5_vj/a.o" failed with exit status 1
    **************************************************
    
    ************************************************************
    * CuPy Configuration Summary                               *
    ************************************************************
    
    Build Environment:
      Include directories: ['/private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/install/../cupy/_core/include/cupy/cub', '/private/var/folders/j4/nzmp4kf17z3d1z22wzwjy3m00000gn/T/pip-install-uyg_c8fb/cupy_3e5357e9d2ae4f96a8575fd2e4cc5b5e/install/../cupy/_core/include']
      Library directories: []
      nvcc command       : (not found)
      hipcc command      : (not found)
    
    Environment Variables:
      CFLAGS          : (none)
      LDFLAGS         : (none)
      LIBRARY_PATH    : (none)
      CUDA_PATH       : (none)
      NVTOOLSEXT_PATH : (none)
      NVCC            : (none)
      HIPCC           : (none)
      ROCM_HOME       : (none)
    
    Modules:
      cuda      : No
        -> Include files not found: ['cublas_v2.h', 'cuda.h', 'cuda_profiler_api.h', 'cuda_runtime.h', 'cufft.h', 'curand.h', 'cusparse.h', 'nvrtc.h']
        -> Check your CFLAGS environment variable.
    
    ERROR: CUDA could not be found on your system.
    Please refer to the Installation Guide for details:
    https://docs.cupy.dev/en/stable/install.html
    
    ************************************************************

Answer 1

CuPy 不支持 Mac，因为 NVIDIA 不再支持 MacOS。无论你读什么都过时了。我知道是因为我从 CuPy 的代码库向 remove the last broken bits 发送了一个 PR，并且我还在 conda-forge 上维护了 CuPy 包。

在没有 GPU 支持的 MacOS 上安装 cupy

Install cupy on MacOS without GPU support

python

cupy