PG::UndefinedFunction: ERROR: function array_append(anyarray, anyelement) does not exist

Question

在我的应用程序中，我们很少有配置了 GitHub 工作流的测试用例，即使我确实只有 space 相关的文件更改，但仍然出现以下错误。不知道为什么我的规格仍然失败它之前工作正常。

An error occurred in a `before(:suite)` hook.
Failure/Error: ActiveMedian.create_function

ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid:
  PG::UndefinedFunction: ERROR:  function array_append(anyarray, anyelement) does not exist
  :       CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION median(anyarray)
           RETURNS float8 AS
        $$
          WITH q AS
          (
             SELECT val
             FROM unnest($***) val
             WHERE VAL IS NOT NULL
             ORDER BY ***
          ),
          cnt AS
          (
            SELECT COUNT(*) AS c FROM q
          )
          SELECT AVG(val)::float8
          FROM
          (
            SELECT val FROM q
            LIMIT  2 - MOD((SELECT c FROM cnt), 2)
            OFFSET GREATEST(CEIL((SELECT c FROM cnt) / 2.0) - ***,0)
          ) q2;
        $$
        LANGUAGE sql IMMUTABLE;

        DROP AGGREGATE IF EXISTS median(numeric);
        DROP AGGREGATE IF EXISTS median(double precision);
        DROP AGGREGATE IF EXISTS median(anyelement);
        CREATE AGGREGATE median(anyelement) (
          SFUNC=array_append,
          STYPE=anyarray,
          FINALFUNC=median,
          INITCOND='{}'
        );
# ./spec/rails_helper.rb:***54:in `seed'
# ./spec/rails_helper.rb:***:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ------------------
# --- Caused by: ---

# PG::UndefinedFunction:
#   ERROR:  function array_append(anyarray, anyelement) does not exist
#   ./spec/rails_helper.rb:***54:in `seed'

spec/rails_helper.rb 上有 ActiveMedian.create_function，这可能会导致问题。

如有任何线索或建议，我们将不胜感激

Answer 1

您使用的是 PostGreSQL 14，对吗？

因为对于 postgres 13 及之前的版本，这应该可以工作，请参阅 dbfiddle 中的测试结果。

我确认这不适用于 postgres 14，请参阅 dbfiddle 中的测试结果。

原因在PostGres 14 manual中解释：

User-defined objects that reference certain built-in array functions along with their argument types must be recreated (Tom Lane)

Specifically, array_append(), array_prepend(), array_cat(), array_position(), array_positions(), array_remove(), array_replace(), and width_bucket() used to take anyarray arguments but now take anycompatiblearray. Therefore, user-defined objects like aggregates and operators that reference those array function signatures must be dropped before upgrading, and recreated once the upgrade completes.

要使其正常工作，您可以改为：

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION median(anycompatiblearray)
RETURNS float8 AS
$$
...
$$ LANGUAGE sql IMMUTABLE ;

...

CREATE AGGREGATE median(anycompatible) (
  SFUNC=array_append,
  STYPE=anycompatiblearray,
  FINALFUNC=median,
  INITCOND='{}'
);

Answer 2

经过一些研究，我通过如下更改 GitHub 上的 Postgres 图像版本解决了这个问题。

文件.github/workflows/build.yml

services:
      postgres:
        image: postgres:13
        ports:
          - 5432:5432

解决方案：这是Postgres 14版本的问题，为了快速解决降级到Postgres 13。

PG::UndefinedFunction: ERROR: function array_append(anyarray, anyelement) does not exist

PG::UndefinedFunction: ERROR: function array_append(anyarray, anyelement) does not exist

ruby-on-rails

ruby

postgresql

github

rspec