Java/LWJGL 3 优化和渲染错误
Java/LWJGL 3 Optimization and Render error
我一直在关注 OPENGL/LWJGL 3 3D 游戏教程系列 (here) 上的 ThinMatrix 教程，尽管我的代码编写与他的略有不同，但进展顺利。
我可以使用 rendering/shading 的基本 LWJGL 3 方法渲染如下图所示的对象。基本上，在 Render class:
中使用此方法
//Old method
public void createModel(EntityLoader entity, StaticShader shader) {
ModelLoader model = entity.getModel();
MeshLoader mesh = model.createModel();
glBindVertexArray(mesh.getVaoId());
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
shader.setUniformFloat("shineDamper", model.getShineDamper());
shader.setUniformFloat("reflectivity", model.getReflectivity());
Matrix4f transformationMatrix = Maths.createTransfMatrix(entity.getPosition(), entity.getRotX(), entity.getRotY(),
entity.getRotZ(), entity.getScale());
shader.setUniformMatrix("transformationMatrix", transformationMatrix);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, model.getTexture());
glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shader.getID(), "texture"), 0);
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, mesh.getVertexCount(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
mesh.cleanUp();
}
然后在 main class 中这样调用它：
public static void main(String[] args){
Render render = new Render();
window = render.init();
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
glfwSwapInterval(1);
glfwShowWindow(window);
createCapabilities();
Light light = new Light(new Vector3f(0,0,20), new Vector3f(1,1,1));
ObjLoader obj = new ObjLoader();
ModelLoader squareModel = obj.loadObj("game_engine/src/Objetos/Ico.obj");
EntityLoader squareEntity = new EntityLoader(squareModel, new Vector3f(0,0,-5),0,0,0,1);
squareModel.setShineDamper(10);
squareModel.setReflectivity(1);
squareModel.loadTexture("game_engine/src/Texturas/awesomeface.png");
Camera camera = new Camera();
StaticShader shader = new StaticShader();
shader.start();
shader.use();
while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
render.prepare();
processInput(window);
glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, resizeWindow);
GLFW.glfwSetScrollCallback(window, new GLFWScrollCallback() {
@Override public void invoke (long win, double dx, double dy) {
XScroll = (float) dx;
YScroll = (float) dy;
}
});
camera.move(window, YScroll);
YScroll = 0;
shader.setUniformVector("lightPosition", light.getPosition());
shader.setUniformVector("lightColour", light.getColour());
Matrix4f viewMatrix = Maths.createViewMatrix(camera);
shader.setUniformMatrix("viewMatrix", viewMatrix);
shader.setUniformMatrix("projectionMatrix", render.getProjectionMatrix());
render.createModel(squareEntity, shader);
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
glfwPollEvents();
}
shader.cleanup();
glfwTerminate();
}
直到第 13 个视频“优化”，他在那里教授如何以更优化的方式执行相同的过程，使用 HashMaps 和 ArrayLists 存储实体并为每个实体列表仅调用一次 VAO 元素。
所以，我做了这个 MasterRender class:
public class Master {
private StaticShader shader = new StaticShader();
private Render renderer = new Render(shader);
private Map<ModelLoader, List<EntityLoader>> entities = new HashMap<ModelLoader, List<EntityLoader>>();
public void render(Light sun, Camera camera){
renderer.prepare();
shader.start();
shader.use();
shader.setUniformVector("lightPosition", sun.getPosition());
shader.setUniformVector("lightColour", sun.getColour());
Matrix4f viewMatrix = Maths.createViewMatrix(camera);
shader.setUniformMatrix("viewMatrix", viewMatrix);
shader.setUniformMatrix("projectionMatrix", renderer.getProjectionMatrix());
}
public void processEntity(EntityLoader entity) {
ModelLoader entityModel = entity.getModel();
List<EntityLoader> batch = entities.get(entityModel);
if(batch!=null) {
batch.add(entity);
}else {
List<EntityLoader> newBatch = new ArrayList<EntityLoader>();
newBatch.add(entity);
entities.put(entityModel, newBatch);
}
}
public void renderEntity() {
renderer.render(entities);
shader.stop();
entities.clear();
}
public long loadWindow() {
return renderer.init();
}
public void cleanup() {
shader.cleanup();
}
}
并在 Render 中使用了新方法 class:
//Optimized methods
public void render(Map<ModelLoader, List<EntityLoader>> entities) {
for(ModelLoader model:entities.keySet()) {
prepareModel(model);
List<EntityLoader> batch = entities.get(model);
for(EntityLoader entity : batch) {
prepareEntity(entity);
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, model.createModel().getVertexCount(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
}
unbindModel();
}
}
private void prepareModel(ModelLoader model) {
MeshLoader mesh = model.createModel();
glBindVertexArray(mesh.getVaoId());
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
shader.setUniformFloat("shineDamper", model.getShineDamper());
shader.setUniformFloat("reflectivity", model.getReflectivity());
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, model.getTexture());
glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shader.getID(), "texture"), 0);
}
private void unbindModel() {
glDisableVertexAttribArray(0);
glDisableVertexAttribArray(1);
glDisableVertexAttribArray(2);
glBindVertexArray(0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
}
private void prepareEntity(EntityLoader entity) {
Matrix4f transformationMatrix = Maths.createTransfMatrix(entity.getPosition(), entity.getRotX(), entity.getRotY(),
entity.getRotZ(), entity.getScale());
shader.setUniformMatrix("transformationMatrix", transformationMatrix);
}
最后，我调整了 main class，就像他在视频中所做的那样
public static void main(String[] args){
Master render = new Master();
window = render.loadWindow();
...
List<EntityLoader> allIcos = new ArrayList<EntityLoader>();
allIcos.add(new EntityLoader(squareModel, new Vector3f(0,0,-5),0,0,0,1));
while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
processInput(window);
glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, resizeWindow);
GLFW.glfwSetScrollCallback(window, new GLFWScrollCallback() {
@Override public void invoke (long win, double dx, double dy) {
XScroll = (float) dx;
YScroll = (float) dy;
}
});
camera.move(window, YScroll);
YScroll = 0;
render.render(light, camera);
for(EntityLoader Ico : allIcos) {
render.processEntity(Ico);
Ico.changeRot(0, 3, 0);
}
render.renderEntity();
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
glfwPollEvents();
}
不仅没用，还买起来日志报错：
#
# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:
#
# EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION (0xc0000005) at pc=0x00007ff8b8cd07b0, pid=11800, tid=7260
#
# JRE version: OpenJDK Runtime Environment (16.0.2+7) (build 16.0.2+7-67)
# Java VM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (16.0.2+7-67, mixed mode, tiered, compressed oops, compressed class ptrs, g1 gc, windows-amd64)
# Problematic frame:
# C [nvoglv64.dll+0x8507b0]
#
# No core dump will be written. Minidumps are not enabled by default on client versions of Windows
#
# If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit:
# https://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp
# The crash happened outside the Java Virtual Machine in native code.
# See problematic frame for where to report the bug.
#
--------------- S U M M A R Y ------------
Command Line: -Dfile.encoding=Cp1252 -XX:+ShowCodeDetailsInExceptionMessages br.com.renanlima.git.main
--------------- T H R E A D ---------------
Current thread (0x000001ae5e0ce780): JavaThread "main" [_thread_in_native, id=7260, stack(0x0000007d29000000,0x0000007d29100000)]
Stack: [0x0000007d29000000,0x0000007d29100000], sp=0x0000007d290ff350, free space=1020k
Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code)
C [nvoglv64.dll+0x8507b0]
Java frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code)
j org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11C.nglDrawElements(IIIJ)V+0
j org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11C.glDrawElements(IIIJ)V+4
j org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glDrawElements(IIIJ)V+4
j br.com.renanlima.render.Render.render(Ljava/util/Map;)V+84
j br.com.renanlima.render.Master.renderEntity()V+8
j br.com.renanlima.git.main.main([Ljava/lang/String;)V+254
v ~StubRoutines::call_stub
siginfo: EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION (0xc0000005), reading address 0x0000000000000000
...
我的问题is:What我在这种新的渲染方法中做错了吗？除了 ThinMatrix 的教程之外，我还查阅了其他教程，发现他们都以类似的方式进行操作。
编辑 1: 因此，使用 Eclipse 的调试器我发现了两件事：
1 - 由于某种原因，“transformationMatrix”加载不同，即使这两种方法相同并且它们获得的参数也相同。
This 是使用“createModel()”方法的矩阵变量，该方法有效
And this是使用优化方法的矩阵变量，那个不行
这似乎是唯一发生这种情况的 matrix/vertex，但我可能忽略了一些东西
2 - 我想我已经查明了发生崩溃的具体部分。
当 运行 "glDrawElements" 方法时。
更具体地说，关于方法的这一部分：
但是 none 的变量在调用该方法之前似乎是错误的。同样，我可能会忽略一些东西，但是“findNative()”部分有很多变量，所以我会仔细研究它。
编辑 1.2: 我解决了 transformationMatrix 错误。这是因为“changeRot(0, 3, 0);”被叫早。但我仍然无法找出为什么“glDrawElements”会发生崩溃。有人可以帮我吗？如果问题令人困惑，请告诉我，以便我更好地解释它。
所以，在处理了大学和工作的事情之后，我终于回到了这段代码，我终于可以改正我的错误了。感谢 Nick Clark 对与 VAO 相关的缓冲区的评论。
问题似乎是因为这行代码而发生的
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, model.createModel().getVertexCount(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
特别是“model.createModel()”部分。它创建了另一个干净的网格，没有与其 VAO 关联的缓冲区。旧方法之所以有效，是因为我直接从网格对象调用了“顶点计数”（实际上是索引计数，我命名错误），如：
MeshLoader mesh = model.createModel();
...
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, mesh.getVertexCount(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
因此，为了修复错误，我将这两种方法合并为一种新方法：
//Optimized method
public void render(Map<ModelLoader, List<EntityLoader>> entities) {
for(ModelLoader model:entities.keySet()) {
MeshLoader mesh = model.createModel();
glBindVertexArray(mesh.getVaoId());
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
shader.setUniformFloat("shineDamper", model.getShineDamper());
shader.setUniformFloat("reflectivity", model.getReflectivity());
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, model.getTexture());
glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shader.getID(), "texture"), 0);
List<EntityLoader> batch = entities.get(model);
for(EntityLoader entity : batch) {
prepareEntity(entity);
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, mesh.getVertexCount(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
}
mesh.cleanUp();
}
}
现在我可以理论上优化的方式渲染对象
//main class
List<EntityLoader> allIcos = new ArrayList<EntityLoader>();
allIcos.add(new EntityLoader(squareModel, new Vector3f(0,0,-5),0,0,0,1));
allIcos.add(new EntityLoader(squareModel, new Vector3f(0,5,-5),0,0,0,1));
allIcos.add(new EntityLoader(squareModel, new Vector3f(0,-5,-5),0,0,0,1));
...
render.render(light, camera);
for(EntityLoader Ico : allIcos) {
render.processEntity(Ico);
}
render.renderEntity();
我会尝试优化和清理这段代码，但现在这就是它的工作方式。
请随时纠正此答案中的任何 naming/terminology 错误，这主要是因为我对英语和 Java 行话的掌握不佳。
我一直在关注 OPENGL/LWJGL 3 3D 游戏教程系列 (here) 上的 ThinMatrix 教程，尽管我的代码编写与他的略有不同，但进展顺利。
我可以使用 rendering/shading 的基本 LWJGL 3 方法渲染如下图所示的对象。基本上，在 Render class:
中使用此方法 //Old method
public void createModel(EntityLoader entity, StaticShader shader) {
ModelLoader model = entity.getModel();
MeshLoader mesh = model.createModel();
glBindVertexArray(mesh.getVaoId());
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
shader.setUniformFloat("shineDamper", model.getShineDamper());
shader.setUniformFloat("reflectivity", model.getReflectivity());
Matrix4f transformationMatrix = Maths.createTransfMatrix(entity.getPosition(), entity.getRotX(), entity.getRotY(),
entity.getRotZ(), entity.getScale());
shader.setUniformMatrix("transformationMatrix", transformationMatrix);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, model.getTexture());
glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shader.getID(), "texture"), 0);
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, mesh.getVertexCount(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
mesh.cleanUp();
}
然后在 main class 中这样调用它：
public static void main(String[] args){
Render render = new Render();
window = render.init();
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
glfwSwapInterval(1);
glfwShowWindow(window);
createCapabilities();
Light light = new Light(new Vector3f(0,0,20), new Vector3f(1,1,1));
ObjLoader obj = new ObjLoader();
ModelLoader squareModel = obj.loadObj("game_engine/src/Objetos/Ico.obj");
EntityLoader squareEntity = new EntityLoader(squareModel, new Vector3f(0,0,-5),0,0,0,1);
squareModel.setShineDamper(10);
squareModel.setReflectivity(1);
squareModel.loadTexture("game_engine/src/Texturas/awesomeface.png");
Camera camera = new Camera();
StaticShader shader = new StaticShader();
shader.start();
shader.use();
while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
render.prepare();
processInput(window);
glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, resizeWindow);
GLFW.glfwSetScrollCallback(window, new GLFWScrollCallback() {
@Override public void invoke (long win, double dx, double dy) {
XScroll = (float) dx;
YScroll = (float) dy;
}
});
camera.move(window, YScroll);
YScroll = 0;
shader.setUniformVector("lightPosition", light.getPosition());
shader.setUniformVector("lightColour", light.getColour());
Matrix4f viewMatrix = Maths.createViewMatrix(camera);
shader.setUniformMatrix("viewMatrix", viewMatrix);
shader.setUniformMatrix("projectionMatrix", render.getProjectionMatrix());
render.createModel(squareEntity, shader);
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
glfwPollEvents();
}
shader.cleanup();
glfwTerminate();
}
直到第 13 个视频“优化”，他在那里教授如何以更优化的方式执行相同的过程，使用 HashMaps 和 ArrayLists 存储实体并为每个实体列表仅调用一次 VAO 元素。 所以，我做了这个 MasterRender class:
public class Master {
private StaticShader shader = new StaticShader();
private Render renderer = new Render(shader);
private Map<ModelLoader, List<EntityLoader>> entities = new HashMap<ModelLoader, List<EntityLoader>>();
public void render(Light sun, Camera camera){
renderer.prepare();
shader.start();
shader.use();
shader.setUniformVector("lightPosition", sun.getPosition());
shader.setUniformVector("lightColour", sun.getColour());
Matrix4f viewMatrix = Maths.createViewMatrix(camera);
shader.setUniformMatrix("viewMatrix", viewMatrix);
shader.setUniformMatrix("projectionMatrix", renderer.getProjectionMatrix());
}
public void processEntity(EntityLoader entity) {
ModelLoader entityModel = entity.getModel();
List<EntityLoader> batch = entities.get(entityModel);
if(batch!=null) {
batch.add(entity);
}else {
List<EntityLoader> newBatch = new ArrayList<EntityLoader>();
newBatch.add(entity);
entities.put(entityModel, newBatch);
}
}
public void renderEntity() {
renderer.render(entities);
shader.stop();
entities.clear();
}
public long loadWindow() {
return renderer.init();
}
public void cleanup() {
shader.cleanup();
}
}
并在 Render 中使用了新方法 class:
//Optimized methods
public void render(Map<ModelLoader, List<EntityLoader>> entities) {
for(ModelLoader model:entities.keySet()) {
prepareModel(model);
List<EntityLoader> batch = entities.get(model);
for(EntityLoader entity : batch) {
prepareEntity(entity);
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, model.createModel().getVertexCount(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
}
unbindModel();
}
}
private void prepareModel(ModelLoader model) {
MeshLoader mesh = model.createModel();
glBindVertexArray(mesh.getVaoId());
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
shader.setUniformFloat("shineDamper", model.getShineDamper());
shader.setUniformFloat("reflectivity", model.getReflectivity());
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, model.getTexture());
glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shader.getID(), "texture"), 0);
}
private void unbindModel() {
glDisableVertexAttribArray(0);
glDisableVertexAttribArray(1);
glDisableVertexAttribArray(2);
glBindVertexArray(0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
}
private void prepareEntity(EntityLoader entity) {
Matrix4f transformationMatrix = Maths.createTransfMatrix(entity.getPosition(), entity.getRotX(), entity.getRotY(),
entity.getRotZ(), entity.getScale());
shader.setUniformMatrix("transformationMatrix", transformationMatrix);
}
最后，我调整了 main class，就像他在视频中所做的那样
public static void main(String[] args){
Master render = new Master();
window = render.loadWindow();
...
List<EntityLoader> allIcos = new ArrayList<EntityLoader>();
allIcos.add(new EntityLoader(squareModel, new Vector3f(0,0,-5),0,0,0,1));
while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
processInput(window);
glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, resizeWindow);
GLFW.glfwSetScrollCallback(window, new GLFWScrollCallback() {
@Override public void invoke (long win, double dx, double dy) {
XScroll = (float) dx;
YScroll = (float) dy;
}
});
camera.move(window, YScroll);
YScroll = 0;
render.render(light, camera);
for(EntityLoader Ico : allIcos) {
render.processEntity(Ico);
Ico.changeRot(0, 3, 0);
}
render.renderEntity();
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
glfwPollEvents();
}
不仅没用，还买起来日志报错：
#
# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:
#
# EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION (0xc0000005) at pc=0x00007ff8b8cd07b0, pid=11800, tid=7260
#
# JRE version: OpenJDK Runtime Environment (16.0.2+7) (build 16.0.2+7-67)
# Java VM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (16.0.2+7-67, mixed mode, tiered, compressed oops, compressed class ptrs, g1 gc, windows-amd64)
# Problematic frame:
# C [nvoglv64.dll+0x8507b0]
#
# No core dump will be written. Minidumps are not enabled by default on client versions of Windows
#
# If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit:
# https://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp
# The crash happened outside the Java Virtual Machine in native code.
# See problematic frame for where to report the bug.
#
--------------- S U M M A R Y ------------
Command Line: -Dfile.encoding=Cp1252 -XX:+ShowCodeDetailsInExceptionMessages br.com.renanlima.git.main
--------------- T H R E A D ---------------
Current thread (0x000001ae5e0ce780): JavaThread "main" [_thread_in_native, id=7260, stack(0x0000007d29000000,0x0000007d29100000)]
Stack: [0x0000007d29000000,0x0000007d29100000], sp=0x0000007d290ff350, free space=1020k
Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code)
C [nvoglv64.dll+0x8507b0]
Java frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code)
j org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11C.nglDrawElements(IIIJ)V+0
j org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11C.glDrawElements(IIIJ)V+4
j org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glDrawElements(IIIJ)V+4
j br.com.renanlima.render.Render.render(Ljava/util/Map;)V+84
j br.com.renanlima.render.Master.renderEntity()V+8
j br.com.renanlima.git.main.main([Ljava/lang/String;)V+254
v ~StubRoutines::call_stub
siginfo: EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION (0xc0000005), reading address 0x0000000000000000
...
我的问题is:What我在这种新的渲染方法中做错了吗？除了 ThinMatrix 的教程之外，我还查阅了其他教程，发现他们都以类似的方式进行操作。
编辑 1: 因此，使用 Eclipse 的调试器我发现了两件事： 1 - 由于某种原因，“transformationMatrix”加载不同，即使这两种方法相同并且它们获得的参数也相同。
This 是使用“createModel()”方法的矩阵变量，该方法有效
And this是使用优化方法的矩阵变量，那个不行
这似乎是唯一发生这种情况的 matrix/vertex，但我可能忽略了一些东西
2 - 我想我已经查明了发生崩溃的具体部分。 当 运行 "glDrawElements" 方法时。
更具体地说，关于方法的这一部分：
但是 none 的变量在调用该方法之前似乎是错误的。同样，我可能会忽略一些东西，但是“findNative()”部分有很多变量，所以我会仔细研究它。
编辑 1.2: 我解决了 transformationMatrix 错误。这是因为“changeRot(0, 3, 0);”被叫早。但我仍然无法找出为什么“glDrawElements”会发生崩溃。有人可以帮我吗？如果问题令人困惑，请告诉我，以便我更好地解释它。
所以，在处理了大学和工作的事情之后，我终于回到了这段代码，我终于可以改正我的错误了。感谢 Nick Clark 对与 VAO 相关的缓冲区的评论。
问题似乎是因为这行代码而发生的
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, model.createModel().getVertexCount(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
特别是“model.createModel()”部分。它创建了另一个干净的网格，没有与其 VAO 关联的缓冲区。旧方法之所以有效，是因为我直接从网格对象调用了“顶点计数”（实际上是索引计数，我命名错误），如：
MeshLoader mesh = model.createModel();
...
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, mesh.getVertexCount(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
因此，为了修复错误，我将这两种方法合并为一种新方法：
//Optimized method
public void render(Map<ModelLoader, List<EntityLoader>> entities) {
for(ModelLoader model:entities.keySet()) {
MeshLoader mesh = model.createModel();
glBindVertexArray(mesh.getVaoId());
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
shader.setUniformFloat("shineDamper", model.getShineDamper());
shader.setUniformFloat("reflectivity", model.getReflectivity());
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, model.getTexture());
glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shader.getID(), "texture"), 0);
List<EntityLoader> batch = entities.get(model);
for(EntityLoader entity : batch) {
prepareEntity(entity);
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, mesh.getVertexCount(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
}
mesh.cleanUp();
}
}
现在我可以理论上优化的方式渲染对象
//main class
List<EntityLoader> allIcos = new ArrayList<EntityLoader>();
allIcos.add(new EntityLoader(squareModel, new Vector3f(0,0,-5),0,0,0,1));
allIcos.add(new EntityLoader(squareModel, new Vector3f(0,5,-5),0,0,0,1));
allIcos.add(new EntityLoader(squareModel, new Vector3f(0,-5,-5),0,0,0,1));
...
render.render(light, camera);
for(EntityLoader Ico : allIcos) {
render.processEntity(Ico);
}
render.renderEntity();
我会尝试优化和清理这段代码，但现在这就是它的工作方式。 请随时纠正此答案中的任何 naming/terminology 错误，这主要是因为我对英语和 Java 行话的掌握不佳。