解析时间格式 "DD/MM/YYYY at hh:mm:ss" & 其他使用 std::chrono::from_stream()

Parse time format "DD/MM/YYYY at hh:mm:ss" & others using std::chrono::from_stream()

我目前正在尝试解析日志文件中列出的有关实验开始时间的一些信息。读入文件后,使用 <regex>.

解析列标题、开始时间、测量间隔时间等重要信息

我正在尝试使用 std::chrono::from_stream(...) 函数将格式为“DD/MM/YYYY at hh:mm:ss”的字符串解析为 std::chrono::time_point,字符串示例:

08/03/2021 at 09:37:25

目前我正在尝试使用以下函数来尝试此操作,该函数尝试从提供的字符串构造一个持续时间来解析 & 一个字符串来解析它,然后将其转换为 time_point 所以我有控制使用的时钟:

#include <chrono>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>

using nano = std::chrono::duration<std::uint64_t, std::nano>;

template <typename Duration>
Duration TimeFormat(const std::string& str,
                    const std::string& fmt,
                    const Duration& default_val)
{
    Duration dur;
    std::stringstream ss{ str };
    std::chrono::from_stream(ss, fmt.c_str(), dur);

    /*
    from_stream sets the failbit of the input stream if it fails to parse
    any part of the input format string or if it receives any contradictory
    information.
    */
    if (ss.good())
    {
        std::cout << "Successful parse!" << std::endl;
        std::cout << dur.count() << std::endl;
        return dur;
    }
    else
    {
        std::cout << "Failed parse!" << std::endl;
        std::cout << dur.count() << std::endl;
        return default_val;
    }
}

int main()
{
    /*
    The file is already read in, and regex matches the correct line from the log file and a
    format pattern from a related config file.
    */
    
    /*
    Two different lines in the log file give:
    - str1 = test start time.
    - str2 = time between each measurement.
    */
    std::string str1("08/03/2021 at 09:37:25"), str2("00:00:05");
    std::string fmt1("%d/%m/%Y at %H:%M:%S"), fmt2("%H:%M:%S");

    auto test1 = TimeFormat<nano>(str1, fmt1, nano::zero());
    /*
    --> "Failed parse!" & test1.count() = 14757395258967641292
    A little research indicates that this is what VS initializes variables to
    in debug mode. If run in release mode test1.count() = 0 in my tests.
    */

    auto test2 = TimeFormat<nano>(str2, fmt2, nano::zero());
    /* 
    --> "Failed parse!" & test2.count() = 5000000000 (5 billion nanoseconds)
    Chose nanoseconds because it also has to handle windows file times which are measured
    relative to 01/01/1601 in hundreds of nanoseconds. Might be worth pointing out.
    What's weird is that it fails even though the value it reads is correct.
    */

    /*
    ... Convert to a time_point after this,
    e.g auto t1 = std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::high_resolution_clock, nano>(test1);
    */
}

可以找到 from_stream 的 MS 文档 here。 from_stream 文档后有关于不同格式字符的详细信息。

ss.is_good() ?

你的问题是 type-o 还是 Visual Studio std::lib 中的扩展?

我猜这是一个 o 型,你的意思是 ss.good()...

good() member function 检查是否所有状态标志都关闭:

  • failbit
  • badbit
  • eofbit

eofbit 特别是通常并不意味着“错误”。它只是意味着解析到达了流的末尾。您正在将“流结束”解释为解析错误。

改为检查 failbitbadbit。使用 fail() member function.

最容易做到这一点
if (!ss.fail())
    ...

更新

Any idea why it still won't pass the first string though?

我不是 100% 肯定它是 VS 实现中的错误,还是 C++ 规范中的错误,或者两者都不是。无论哪种方式,它都不会 return 您所期望的。

对我来说(使用C++20 chrono preview library),第一次解析成功,returns

34645000000000

如果以 hh:mm:ss.fffffffff 格式打印为:

09:37:25.000000000

也就是说,只有时间部分对 return 值有贡献。这显然不是您想要的。您的第一个测试似乎打算解析 time_point,而不是 duration.

这是一个稍微重写的程序,我认为它会做你想做的,在第一个测试中解析 time_point,在第二个测试中解析 duration

#include <chrono>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>

using nano = std::chrono::duration<std::uint64_t, std::nano>;

template <typename TimeType>
TimeType TimeFormat(const std::string& str,
                    const std::string& fmt,
                    const TimeType& default_val)
{
    TimeType dur;
    std::stringstream ss{ str };
    std::chrono::from_stream(ss, fmt.c_str(), dur);

    /*
    from_stream sets the failbit of the input stream if it fails to parse
    any part of the input format string or if it receives any contradictory
    information.
    */
    if (!ss.fail())
    {
        std::cout << "Successful parse!" << std::endl;
        std::cout << dur << std::endl;
        return dur;
    }
    else
    {
        std::cout << "Failed parse!" << std::endl;
        std::cout << dur << std::endl;
        return default_val;
    }
}

int main()
{

    std::string str1("08/03/2021 at 09:37:25"), str2("00:00:05");
    std::string fmt1("%d/%m/%Y at %H:%M:%S"), fmt2("%H:%M:%S");

    auto test1 = TimeFormat(str1, fmt1, std::chrono::sys_time<nano>{});
    auto test2 = TimeFormat(str2, fmt2, nano::zero());
}

对我来说输出:

Successful parse!
2021-03-08 09:37:25.000000000
Successful parse!
5000000000ns

如果想要第一个测试的输出(自纪元以来以纳秒为单位),那么可以使用 dur.time_since_epoch()dur time_point 变量中提取它。这将输出:

1615196245000000000ns