无法在 table 中使用 REPLACE 更新 MySQL SET 数据类型,同时使用索引而不是单词引用 SET 成员

Unable to update MySQL SET datatype in a table using REPLACE while referring to SET members using index instead of words

我有以下 table my_set_table -

my_set_table | CREATE TABLE `my_set_table` (
  `id` int unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `my_col` set('C','C++','Java','C#','JavaScript','Kotlin','SQLite','Python') DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci |

这里集合成员索引如下-

+-----------+---------+--------------+
| Binary    | Decimal | Member       |
+-----------+---------+--------------+
| 0000 0001 | 1       | "C"          |
| 0000 0010 | 2       | "C++"        |
| 0000 0100 | 4       | "Java"       |
| 0000 1000 | 8       | "C#"         |
| 0001 0000 | 16      | "Javascript" |
| 0010 0000 | 32      | "Kotlin"     |
| 0100 0000 | 64      | "SQLite"     |
| 1000 0000 | 128     | "Python"     |
+-----------+---------+--------------+

我按如下方式填充 table -

INSERT INTO my_set_table (my_col) VALUES
    -> (9),
    -> (36),
    -> (100),
    -> (130),
    -> (128),
    -> (136);

现在,table的内容是-

SELECT * FROM my_set_table;
+----+--------------------+
| id | my_col             |
+----+--------------------+
|  1 | C,C#               |
|  2 | Java,Kotlin        |
|  3 | Java,Kotlin,SQLite |
|  4 | C++,Python         |
|  5 | Python             |
|  6 | C#,Python          |
+----+--------------------+

现在,我可以使用索引而不是单词来搜索特定行,如下所示 -

SELECT * FROM my_set_table  
    -> WHERE my_col = 9;
+----+--------+
| id | my_col |
+----+--------+
|  1 | C,C#   |
+----+--------+

现在,如果我想更新我的 table,我可以使用如下语句来完成 -

UPDATE my_set_table 
    -> SET my_col = REPLACE(my_col,"C#","Java")
    -> WHERE ID = 1;
SELECT * FROM my_set_table;
+----+--------------------+
| id | my_col             |
+----+--------------------+
|  1 | C,Java             |
|  2 | Java,Kotlin        |
|  3 | Java,Kotlin,SQLite |
|  4 | C++,Python         |
|  5 | Python             |
|  6 | C#,Python          |
+----+--------------------+

但是,我打算使用索引而不是单词来做到这一点。因此,我用索引替换了上面查询中的单词。但是我无法得到想要的结果 -

UPDATE my_set_table 
    -> SET my_col = REPLACE(my_col,8,4)
    -> WHERE id = 1;
SELECT * FROM my_set_table;
+----+--------------------+
| id | my_col             |
+----+--------------------+
|  1 | C,C#               |
|  2 | Java,Kotlin        |
|  3 | Java,Kotlin,SQLite |
|  4 | C++,Python         |
|  5 | Python             |
|  6 | C#,Python          |
+----+--------------------+

我什至尝试匹配整个索引值并将其替换为另一个索引值,但仍然没有成功。

UPDATE my_set_table
    -> SET my_col = REPLACE(my_col,9,5)
    -> WHERE id = 1;
SELECT * FROM my_set_table;
+----+--------------------+
| id | my_col             |
+----+--------------------+
|  1 | C,C#               |
|  2 | Java,Kotlin        |
|  3 | Java,Kotlin,SQLite |
|  4 | C++,Python         |
|  5 | Python             |
|  6 | C#,Python          |
+----+--------------------+

那么如何使用索引而不是单词来进行更新操作呢?

您可以使用按位运算来执行您描述的操作:

mysql> select my_col from my_set_table where id=1;
+--------+
| my_col |
+--------+
| C,C#   |
+--------+

mysql> update my_set_table set my_col = my_col & ~8 | 4 where id = 1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> select my_col from my_set_table where id=1;
+--------+
| my_col |
+--------+
| C,Java |
+--------+

& ~81000(二进制)的按位补码进行按位与运算,即 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110111。这去掉了代表 C++ 的位。

| 4100(二进制)进行按位或运算。这设置了 Java.

的位