在 C 中动态分配 const char 数组的正确方法

Question

我必须逐行读取文件并将这些行添加到 char 数组中。我需要保留数组 const 并将其作为 const 指针传递。

#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>

void takeAction(const char **charArray) {

    for (int i = 0; i<2; i++) {
        printf("%s\n", charArray[i]);
    }

}

int main(int ac, char **av)
{
    
    // Read patterns from file

    FILE *fp;
    char *line = NULL;
    size_t len = 0;
    ssize_t read;
    int counter = 0;

    const char *charArray[1000];

    fp = fopen(av[1], "r");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s File could not be opened \n", av[2]);
        return 1;
    }
    while ((read = getline(&line, &len, fp)) != -1)
    {
        
        charArray[counter] = malloc(sizeof(char)*(read+1));
        memcpy(charArray[counter], line, read);
        counter++;

        if (counter == 2) {
          counter = 0;
          takeAction(charArray);
        }

    }
    fclose(fp);
    return 0;
}

编译错误

 temp.c: In function ‘main’: temp.c:42:16: warning: passing argument 1
 of ‘memcpy’ discards ‘const’ qualifier from pointer target type
 [-Wdiscarded-qualifiers]
          memcpy(charArray[counter], line, read);
                 ^~~~~~~~~ In file included from temp.c:3:0: /usr/include/string.h:42:14: note: expected ‘void * restrict’ but
 argument is of type ‘const char *’  extern void *memcpy (void
 *__restrict __dest, const void *__restrict __src,

执行 ./temp MyFileWithMultipleLines

当我将 charArray 保持为 const 时，我在 memcpy -> ‘memcpy’ discards ‘const’ qualifier

时收到警告

当我从 charArray 中删除 const 时，调用函数 takeAction 时出现错误。

Answer 1

您不能将 charArray 作为常量写入它。

尝试这样的事情：

#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>

void takeAction(const char **charArray) {

    for (int i = 0; i<2; i++) {
        printf("%s\n", charArray[i]);
    }

}

int main(int ac, char **av)
{

    // Read patterns from file

    FILE *fp;
    char *line = NULL;
    size_t len = 0;
    ssize_t read;
    int counter = 0;

    char *charArray[1000];

    fp = fopen(av[1], "r");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s File could not be opened \n", av[2]);
        return 1;
    }
    while ((read = getline(&line, &len, fp)) != -1)
    {

        charArray[counter] = malloc(sizeof(char)*(read+1));
        memcpy(charArray[counter], line, read);
        counter++;

        if (counter == 2) {
          counter = 0;
          takeAction((const char **)&charArray[0]);
        }

    }
    fclose(fp);
    return 0;
}

在 C 中动态分配 const char 数组的正确方法

Correct way to dynamically allocate a const char array in C

c

malloc

void-pointers