在 MySQL 8.x 中,字符串函数 FROM_BASE64(str) returns 产生十六进制形式而不是字符串

In MySQL 8.x the string function FROM_BASE64(str) returns result in hexadecimal form instead of a string

我有以下疑问 -

SELECT "Abc" AS result;
+--------+
| result |
+--------+
| Abc    |
+--------+

SELECT TO_BASE64("Abc") AS result;
+--------+
| result |
+--------+
| QWJj   |
+--------+

SELECT FROM_BASE64(TO_BASE64("Abc")) AS result;
+----------------+
| result         |
+----------------+
| 0x416263       |
+----------------+

--binary-as-hex mysql 开发站点中的页面显示 -

To disable hexadecimal notation, use --skip-binary-as-hex

我尝试了以下但出现错误 -

mysql> SELECT FROM_BASE64(TO_BASE64("Abc")) --skip-binary-as-hex AS result;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'as-hex AS result' at line 1
mysql> SELECT FROM_BASE64(TO_BASE64("Abc") --skip-binary-as-hex)  AS result;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'as-hex)  AS result' at line 1
mysql> SELECT FROM_BASE64(TO_BASE64("Abc" --skip-binary-as-hex))  AS result;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'as-hex))  AS result' at line 1

在同一页上,他们说在 CHAR()CONVERT() 函数的情况下,我如何使用 USING utf8mb4 子句来获得结果,但他们没有说明任何关于 FROM_BASE64()函数。不过,我试过了,但出现了错误-

SELECT FROM_BASE64(TO_BASE64("Abc") USING utf8mb4) AS result;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'USING utf8mb4) AS result' at line 1

我尝试了 UNHEX() 函数 -

ELECT UNHEX(FROM_BASE64(TO_BASE64("Abc"))) AS result;
+----------------+
| result         |
+----------------+
| 0x0ABC         |
+----------------+

很明显这不是我们想要的结果,而且都是大写的。这里 LCASE() 不会很好用,因为它会将每个单词都变成小写。

甚至,这个结果不是字符串形式,从 -

可以看出
SELECT SUBSTRING(UNHEX(FROM_BASE64(TO_BASE64("Abc"))) FROM 4) AS result;
+----------------+
| result         |
+----------------+
| 0x             |
+----------------+

所以唯一的选择似乎是禁用 -binary-as-hex

但是我找不到办法做到这一点。

这里因为在 Whosebug 中有类似的问题 -

'FROM_BASE64' Function Returns Hex Value

但它在 MySQL 版本 5.6.14 上。我正在使用 MySQL 版本 8.0.27 -

mysql --version
mysql  Ver 8.0.27 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

所以我的情况不同。

当您从 shell 提示符打开命令时,--skip-binary-as-hex 选项将用作 mysql 命令的选项。它不是在 SQL 语法中使用的选项。参见 https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-command-options.html#option_mysql_binary-as-hex

也就是说,即使启用了二进制十六进制,您也可以将二进制转换为字符串:

mysql> SELECT FROM_BASE64(TO_BASE64("Abc")) AS result;
+----------------+
| result         |
+----------------+
| 0x416263       |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT CONVERT(FROM_BASE64(TO_BASE64("Abc")) USING utf8mb4) AS result;
+--------+
| result |
+--------+
| Abc    |
+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

您可能需要使用不同的字符编码。我的是utf8mb4,你的可能不一样