GeoDjango with Docker error: 'DatabaseOperations' object has no attribute 'geo_db_type'
GeoDjango with Docker error: 'DatabaseOperations' object has no attribute 'geo_db_type'
这似乎是一个常见的错误，我已经检查了所有我能找到的解决方案（只有大约 4 个，几乎所有的都涉及错误配置）。我没有使用 heroku，但我正在使用 docker。我正在使用 docker 图像 python:3.9.7 和 postgis/postgis:10-3.1-alpine。
我的 Dockerfile 包含以下行：
ARG BUILD_ENV=production
# ...
FROM python:3.9.7 as apiserver
#...
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y apt-utils build-essential sudo git wget curl ca-certificates nginx openssl libpq-dev expect libmagic-dev graphviz python3-gdal python3-pandas postgis binutils libproj-dev gdal-bin python3-djangorestframework-gis
# ...
RUN pip install --upgrade pip && pip install -r requirements/${BUILD_ENV}.txt
# ...
这应该确保我为 django 构建 postgis 库所需的所有依赖项都存在，所以当我 运行 pip 安装时，它将拥有它需要的一切。它比需要的更冗长，因为 GeoDjango 文档说要安装 postgis binutils libproj-dev gdal-bin，而 drf-gis 将所有 GeoDjango 库作为依赖项。我计划使用 drf-gis 包，但目前没有使用它。
requirements/production.txt
django-cors-headers==3.5.0
django-extensions==3.0.9
django-filter==2.4.0
# ...
Django==3.1.13
# ...
djangorestframework==3.12.4
djangorestframework-gis==0.17
# ...
我在 INSTALLED_APPS 中启用了正确的应用程序：
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.admindocs',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'django.contrib.gis',
'django_extensions',
'rest_framework',
'rest_framework.authtoken',
# 'rest_framework_gis',
'django.contrib.sites',
'django_filters',
'apiserver', # api v1 app doesn't use geodjango
'apiserver_v2', # api v2 uses geodjango
# ...
]
我还将以下内容设置为我的数据库配置：
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis',
'HOST': os.environ.get('PGHOST'),
'PORT': 5432,
'NAME': os.environ.get('PGDATABASE'),
'USER': os.environ.get('PGUSER'),
'PASSWORD': os.environ.get('PGPASSWORD'),
'CONN_MAX_AGE': os.environ.get('DB_CONN_MAX_AGE', 500),
},
}
我的应用程序中还有以下迁移作为第一个迁移。我在使用 SpatiaLite 进行测试时不需要它，但我将它添加到此处以完善文档。
0000_postgis.py
from django.contrib.postgres.operations import CreateExtension
from django.db import migrations
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
operations = [
CreateExtension('postgis'),
CreateExtension('postgis_raster'),
]
此迁移按预期工作，并且似乎已安装扩展：
apiserver_db_name=# \dx
List of installed extensions
Name | Version | Schema | Description
----------------+---------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------
plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language
postgis | 3.1.4 | public | PostGIS geometry and geography spatial types and functions
postgis_raster | 3.1.4 | public | PostGIS raster types and functions
(3 rows)
现在已经根据文档进行了所有设置。但是，当我 运行 我的迁移时，出现以下错误：
Operations to perform:
Apply all migrations: admin, apiserver, apiserver_v2, auth, authtoken, contenttypes, enter, guardian, sessions, sites
Running migrations:
Applying apiserver_v2.0000_postgis... OK
Applying apiserver_v2.0001_initial...Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/api-server/manage.py", line 15, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 395, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 330, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 371, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 85, in wrapped
res = handle_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 243, in handle
post_migrate_state = executor.migrate(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 117, in migrate
state = self._migrate_all_forwards(state, plan, full_plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 147, in _migrate_all_forwards
state = self.apply_migration(state, migration, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 227, in apply_migration
state = migration.apply(state, schema_editor)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/migration.py", line 124, in apply
operation.database_forwards(self.app_label, schema_editor, old_state, project_state)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/operations/models.py", line 92, in database_forwards
schema_editor.create_model(model)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 322, in create_model
sql, params = self.table_sql(model)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 159, in table_sql
definition, extra_params = self.column_sql(model, field)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 212, in column_sql
db_params = field.db_parameters(connection=self.connection)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 717, in db_parameters
type_string = self.db_type(connection)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py", line 105, in db_type
return connection.ops.geo_db_type(self)
AttributeError: 'DatabaseOperations' object has no attribute 'geo_db_type'
特别说明：我已经查看了所有我能找到的导致此错误的问题，但我找不到任何关于该错误实际含义的解释。为什么要查找此属性，我如何验证它是否具有此属性？什么包裹应该放在那里以及如何放置？如果我能找到它，诊断和修复这个问题就会容易得多。
更新：我用一个干净的 postgis 数据库试过这个，但得到了同样的错误。我还尝试使用 pg_dumped 和 pg_restored 数据库。运气不好。
已解决！这是由于另一个配置覆盖了数据库设置。我非常坚定地认为这不是配置问题，我很抱歉。我通过 运行 管理员 shell 在 运行 django 应用程序中验证了这一点并检查了 settings.DATABASES。 （另一个覆盖是 django-prometheus，如果你好奇的话。）
这似乎是一个常见的错误，我已经检查了所有我能找到的解决方案（只有大约 4 个，几乎所有的都涉及错误配置）。我没有使用 heroku，但我正在使用 docker。我正在使用 docker 图像 python:3.9.7 和 postgis/postgis:10-3.1-alpine。
我的 Dockerfile 包含以下行：
ARG BUILD_ENV=production
# ...
FROM python:3.9.7 as apiserver
#...
RUN apt-get update && \
apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y apt-utils build-essential sudo git wget curl ca-certificates nginx openssl libpq-dev expect libmagic-dev graphviz python3-gdal python3-pandas postgis binutils libproj-dev gdal-bin python3-djangorestframework-gis
# ...
RUN pip install --upgrade pip && pip install -r requirements/${BUILD_ENV}.txt
# ...
这应该确保我为 django 构建 postgis 库所需的所有依赖项都存在，所以当我 运行 pip 安装时，它将拥有它需要的一切。它比需要的更冗长，因为 GeoDjango 文档说要安装 postgis binutils libproj-dev gdal-bin，而 drf-gis 将所有 GeoDjango 库作为依赖项。我计划使用 drf-gis 包，但目前没有使用它。
requirements/production.txt
django-cors-headers==3.5.0
django-extensions==3.0.9
django-filter==2.4.0
# ...
Django==3.1.13
# ...
djangorestframework==3.12.4
djangorestframework-gis==0.17
# ...
我在 INSTALLED_APPS 中启用了正确的应用程序：
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.admindocs',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'django.contrib.gis',
'django_extensions',
'rest_framework',
'rest_framework.authtoken',
# 'rest_framework_gis',
'django.contrib.sites',
'django_filters',
'apiserver', # api v1 app doesn't use geodjango
'apiserver_v2', # api v2 uses geodjango
# ...
]
我还将以下内容设置为我的数据库配置：
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis',
'HOST': os.environ.get('PGHOST'),
'PORT': 5432,
'NAME': os.environ.get('PGDATABASE'),
'USER': os.environ.get('PGUSER'),
'PASSWORD': os.environ.get('PGPASSWORD'),
'CONN_MAX_AGE': os.environ.get('DB_CONN_MAX_AGE', 500),
},
}
我的应用程序中还有以下迁移作为第一个迁移。我在使用 SpatiaLite 进行测试时不需要它，但我将它添加到此处以完善文档。
0000_postgis.py
from django.contrib.postgres.operations import CreateExtension
from django.db import migrations
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
operations = [
CreateExtension('postgis'),
CreateExtension('postgis_raster'),
]
此迁移按预期工作，并且似乎已安装扩展：
apiserver_db_name=# \dx
List of installed extensions
Name | Version | Schema | Description
----------------+---------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------
plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language
postgis | 3.1.4 | public | PostGIS geometry and geography spatial types and functions
postgis_raster | 3.1.4 | public | PostGIS raster types and functions
(3 rows)
现在已经根据文档进行了所有设置。但是，当我 运行 我的迁移时，出现以下错误：
Operations to perform:
Apply all migrations: admin, apiserver, apiserver_v2, auth, authtoken, contenttypes, enter, guardian, sessions, sites
Running migrations:
Applying apiserver_v2.0000_postgis... OK
Applying apiserver_v2.0001_initial...Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/api-server/manage.py", line 15, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 395, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 330, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 371, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 85, in wrapped
res = handle_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 243, in handle
post_migrate_state = executor.migrate(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 117, in migrate
state = self._migrate_all_forwards(state, plan, full_plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 147, in _migrate_all_forwards
state = self.apply_migration(state, migration, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 227, in apply_migration
state = migration.apply(state, schema_editor)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/migration.py", line 124, in apply
operation.database_forwards(self.app_label, schema_editor, old_state, project_state)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/migrations/operations/models.py", line 92, in database_forwards
schema_editor.create_model(model)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 322, in create_model
sql, params = self.table_sql(model)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 159, in table_sql
definition, extra_params = self.column_sql(model, field)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 212, in column_sql
db_params = field.db_parameters(connection=self.connection)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 717, in db_parameters
type_string = self.db_type(connection)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py", line 105, in db_type
return connection.ops.geo_db_type(self)
AttributeError: 'DatabaseOperations' object has no attribute 'geo_db_type'
特别说明：我已经查看了所有我能找到的导致此错误的问题，但我找不到任何关于该错误实际含义的解释。为什么要查找此属性，我如何验证它是否具有此属性？什么包裹应该放在那里以及如何放置？如果我能找到它，诊断和修复这个问题就会容易得多。
更新：我用一个干净的 postgis 数据库试过这个，但得到了同样的错误。我还尝试使用 pg_dumped 和 pg_restored 数据库。运气不好。
已解决！这是由于另一个配置覆盖了数据库设置。我非常坚定地认为这不是配置问题，我很抱歉。我通过 运行 管理员 shell 在 运行 django 应用程序中验证了这一点并检查了 settings.DATABASES。 （另一个覆盖是 django-prometheus，如果你好奇的话。）