我可以阻止 IOException 打开消息框吗?
Can I prevent the IOException from opening the messagebox?
//注1:部分本地化信息是直接翻译的,所以在你的电脑上可能会有所不同,但意思是一样的。
//注2:此程序是在.NET Framework 4.5, Release, x64.
下构建的
我正在设计一个可以自动静默备份U盘的程序。
在复制方法中,我使用如下代码:
//Note: the Cout(string) method is a logging method, acturally equivalent to Console.WriteLine(string)
public void CopyMoveDisk(string fromdir, string todir, int times = 0)
{
try
{
if (PauseToken)
{
Cout("Copy: paused");
STTimer t = new STTimer(o => { CopyMoveDisk(fromdir, todir, times); }, null, 5000, -1);
Thread.Sleep(6000);
t.Dispose();
return;
}
else
{
try
{
if (!Directory.Exists(todir))
Directory.CreateDirectory(todir);
var filessmall = from f in Directory.GetFiles(fromdir)
where new FileInfo(f).Length <= 100 * Math.Pow(2, 20)
orderby new FileInfo(f).Length
select f;
var filesbig = from f in Directory.GetFiles(fromdir)
where new FileInfo(f).Length > 100 * Math.Pow(2, 20)
orderby new FileInfo(f).Length
select f;
Cout("Copy: small file region");
// Copy the small files (<= 100MiB)
foreach (string file in filessmall)
{
s.CopyingFile = todir + Path.GetFileName(file);
if (File.Exists(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)))
{
if (new FileInfo(file).Length != new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length)
{
Cout($"Copy true: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}: Length = {new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length}");
File.Copy(file, todir + Path.GetFileName(file), true);
}
else
{
Cout($"Exist: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}: Length = {new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length}");
}
}
else
{
Cout($"Copy: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}");
File.Copy(file, todir + Path.GetFileName(file), true);
}
s.CopyingFile = string.Empty;
}
Cout("Copy: small file region end");
Cout($"Copy: directory region: {times} time(s)");
// Copy the sub directories
foreach (string sub in Directory.GetDirectories(fromdir))
{
if (!sub.Contains("System Volume Information"))
{
Cout($"Copy: {sub + "\"} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(sub) + "\"}");
CopyMoveDisk(sub + "\", todir + Path.GetFileName(sub) + "\", times + 1);
}
}
Cout($"Copy: directory region end: {times} time(s)");
Cout("Copy: big file region");
// Copy the big files (> 100MiB)
foreach (string file in filesbig)
{
s.CopyingFile = todir + Path.GetFileName(file);
if (File.Exists(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)))
{
if (new FileInfo(file).Length != new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length)
{
Cout($"Copy true: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}: Length = {new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length}");
File.Copy(file, todir + Path.GetFileName(file), true);
}
else
{
Cout($"Exist: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}: Length = {new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length}");
}
}
else
{
Cout($"Copy: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}");
File.Copy(file, todir + Path.GetFileName(file), true);
}
s.CopyingFile = string.Empty;
}
Cout("Copy: big file region end");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Cout($"Copy: -----Exception {ex} {Environment.NewLine}----------");
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Cout($"Copy: -----Exception {ex} {Environment.NewLine}{s}{Environment.NewLine}----------");
}
}
看完代码,我们想象一个情况:
用户插入 SD 卡 reader。复制文件时,SD卡不知何故断开连接,但reader仍然插入(可能是接触不良)。
每当您在没有卡的情况下插入卡 reader 时,Windows 资源管理器将警告您“请将磁盘插入 'SD Card (E:\)'”。“=29=”
但是当这种情况正好发生在这个程序上时,该方法并没有立即抛出异常。相反,它显示了一个消息框,如:
|---USBBackup.exe - No disks|
| There're no disks in the drive. Please insert the disk in the drive E: |
|Cancel| |Retry| |Continue|
如果我点击了取消按钮(或继续按钮?)然后会抛出异常:
System.IO.IOException: The floppy disk in the drive is not correct.
Insert %2 (volume serial number: %3) to drive %1.
at System.IO.__Error.WinIOError(Int32 errorCode, String maybeFullPath)
at System.IO.File.InternalCopy(String sourceFileName, String destFileName, Boolean overwrite, Boolean checkHost)
at USBBackup.Form1.CopyMoveDisk(String fromdir, String todir, Int32 times)
//注意 3:消息框不会在我的 Windows 10 VM 上显示。
//相反,它会直接抛出异常:
System.IO.IOException: The device is not ready.
at System.IO.__Error.WinIOError(Int32 errorCode, String maybeFullPath)
at System.IO.File.InternalCopy(String sourceFileName, String destFileName, Boolean overwrite, Boolean checkHost)
at USBBackup.Form1.CopyMoveDisk(String fromdir, String todir, Int32 times)
//但它显示在我的 Windows 7 VM 上。
//或者可能是因为我在Win10 VM上安装了.Net Framework 4.8,而在Win7 VM上安装了4.5。
现在我不想让这个程序打扰用户,我该怎么做才能避免显示消息框?
您需要使用 SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS
调用 SetErrorMode API 来禁用系统消息框,然后再将其设置回来。
创建内部 class NativeMethods
:
internal static class NativeMethods
{
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
internal static extern ErrorModes SetErrorMode(ErrorModes uMode);
[Flags]
internal enum ErrorModes : uint
{
SYSTEM_DEFAULT = 0x0,
SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS = 0x0001,
SEM_NOALIGNMENTFAULTEXCEPT = 0x0004,
SEM_NOGPFAULTERRORBOX = 0x0002,
SEM_NOOPENFILEERRORBOX = 0x8000
}
}
用法示例:
void BackupFiles()
{
var prevMode = NativeMethods.SetErrorMode(NativeMethods.SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS);
try
{
// attempt to copy the files
// from the removable device
}
finally
{
NativeMethods.SetErrorMode(prevMode);
}
}
//注1:部分本地化信息是直接翻译的,所以在你的电脑上可能会有所不同,但意思是一样的。
//注2:此程序是在.NET Framework 4.5, Release, x64.
下构建的
我正在设计一个可以自动静默备份U盘的程序。
在复制方法中,我使用如下代码:
//Note: the Cout(string) method is a logging method, acturally equivalent to Console.WriteLine(string)
public void CopyMoveDisk(string fromdir, string todir, int times = 0)
{
try
{
if (PauseToken)
{
Cout("Copy: paused");
STTimer t = new STTimer(o => { CopyMoveDisk(fromdir, todir, times); }, null, 5000, -1);
Thread.Sleep(6000);
t.Dispose();
return;
}
else
{
try
{
if (!Directory.Exists(todir))
Directory.CreateDirectory(todir);
var filessmall = from f in Directory.GetFiles(fromdir)
where new FileInfo(f).Length <= 100 * Math.Pow(2, 20)
orderby new FileInfo(f).Length
select f;
var filesbig = from f in Directory.GetFiles(fromdir)
where new FileInfo(f).Length > 100 * Math.Pow(2, 20)
orderby new FileInfo(f).Length
select f;
Cout("Copy: small file region");
// Copy the small files (<= 100MiB)
foreach (string file in filessmall)
{
s.CopyingFile = todir + Path.GetFileName(file);
if (File.Exists(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)))
{
if (new FileInfo(file).Length != new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length)
{
Cout($"Copy true: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}: Length = {new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length}");
File.Copy(file, todir + Path.GetFileName(file), true);
}
else
{
Cout($"Exist: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}: Length = {new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length}");
}
}
else
{
Cout($"Copy: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}");
File.Copy(file, todir + Path.GetFileName(file), true);
}
s.CopyingFile = string.Empty;
}
Cout("Copy: small file region end");
Cout($"Copy: directory region: {times} time(s)");
// Copy the sub directories
foreach (string sub in Directory.GetDirectories(fromdir))
{
if (!sub.Contains("System Volume Information"))
{
Cout($"Copy: {sub + "\"} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(sub) + "\"}");
CopyMoveDisk(sub + "\", todir + Path.GetFileName(sub) + "\", times + 1);
}
}
Cout($"Copy: directory region end: {times} time(s)");
Cout("Copy: big file region");
// Copy the big files (> 100MiB)
foreach (string file in filesbig)
{
s.CopyingFile = todir + Path.GetFileName(file);
if (File.Exists(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)))
{
if (new FileInfo(file).Length != new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length)
{
Cout($"Copy true: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}: Length = {new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length}");
File.Copy(file, todir + Path.GetFileName(file), true);
}
else
{
Cout($"Exist: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}: Length = {new FileInfo(todir + Path.GetFileName(file)).Length}");
}
}
else
{
Cout($"Copy: {file} => {todir + Path.GetFileName(file)}");
File.Copy(file, todir + Path.GetFileName(file), true);
}
s.CopyingFile = string.Empty;
}
Cout("Copy: big file region end");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Cout($"Copy: -----Exception {ex} {Environment.NewLine}----------");
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Cout($"Copy: -----Exception {ex} {Environment.NewLine}{s}{Environment.NewLine}----------");
}
}
看完代码,我们想象一个情况:
用户插入 SD 卡 reader。复制文件时,SD卡不知何故断开连接,但reader仍然插入(可能是接触不良)。
每当您在没有卡的情况下插入卡 reader 时,Windows 资源管理器将警告您“请将磁盘插入 'SD Card (E:\)'”。“=29=”
但是当这种情况正好发生在这个程序上时,该方法并没有立即抛出异常。相反,它显示了一个消息框,如:
|---USBBackup.exe - No disks|
| There're no disks in the drive. Please insert the disk in the drive E: |
|Cancel| |Retry| |Continue|
如果我点击了取消按钮(或继续按钮?)然后会抛出异常:
System.IO.IOException: The floppy disk in the drive is not correct.
Insert %2 (volume serial number: %3) to drive %1.
at System.IO.__Error.WinIOError(Int32 errorCode, String maybeFullPath)
at System.IO.File.InternalCopy(String sourceFileName, String destFileName, Boolean overwrite, Boolean checkHost)
at USBBackup.Form1.CopyMoveDisk(String fromdir, String todir, Int32 times)
//注意 3:消息框不会在我的 Windows 10 VM 上显示。
//相反,它会直接抛出异常:
System.IO.IOException: The device is not ready.
at System.IO.__Error.WinIOError(Int32 errorCode, String maybeFullPath)
at System.IO.File.InternalCopy(String sourceFileName, String destFileName, Boolean overwrite, Boolean checkHost)
at USBBackup.Form1.CopyMoveDisk(String fromdir, String todir, Int32 times)
//但它显示在我的 Windows 7 VM 上。
//或者可能是因为我在Win10 VM上安装了.Net Framework 4.8,而在Win7 VM上安装了4.5。
现在我不想让这个程序打扰用户,我该怎么做才能避免显示消息框?
您需要使用 SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS
调用 SetErrorMode API 来禁用系统消息框,然后再将其设置回来。
创建内部 class NativeMethods
:
internal static class NativeMethods
{
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
internal static extern ErrorModes SetErrorMode(ErrorModes uMode);
[Flags]
internal enum ErrorModes : uint
{
SYSTEM_DEFAULT = 0x0,
SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS = 0x0001,
SEM_NOALIGNMENTFAULTEXCEPT = 0x0004,
SEM_NOGPFAULTERRORBOX = 0x0002,
SEM_NOOPENFILEERRORBOX = 0x8000
}
}
用法示例:
void BackupFiles()
{
var prevMode = NativeMethods.SetErrorMode(NativeMethods.SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS);
try
{
// attempt to copy the files
// from the removable device
}
finally
{
NativeMethods.SetErrorMode(prevMode);
}
}