为什么我在第一次检索必须在 @ManyToMany 关系中使用的对象时获得此 "detached entity passed to persist"？
Why am I obtaining this "detached entity passed to persist" when I first retrieve the object that has to be used in a @ManyToMany relationship?
我正在使用 Spring Data JPA 开发 Spring 引导项目。我是 Hibernate 映射方面的新手，我有以下疑问。
注意： 我首先实现了我的数据库 tables，然后我将这些 tables 映射到 Java 实体 classes.
我有这个用户 class:
@Entity
@Table(name = "portal_user")
@Getter
@Setter
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5062673109048808267L;
@Id
@Column(name = "id")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private int id;
@Column(name = "first_name")
private String firstName;
@Column(name = "middle_name")
private String middleName;
@Column(name = "surname")
private String surname;
@Column(name = "sex")
private char sex;
@Column(name = "birthdate")
private Date birthdate;
@Column(name = "tex_code")
private String taxCode;
@Column(name = "e_mail")
private String eMail;
@Column(name = "contact_number")
private String contactNumber;
@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
@Column(name = "created_at")
private Date createdAt;
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "user", orphanRemoval = true)
@JsonManagedReference
private Set<Address> addressesList = new HashSet<>();
//@OneToMany(mappedBy = "user", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
//@JsonManagedReference
//private Set<User_UserType> userToUserTypeAssociation = new HashSet<>();
@ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
@JoinTable(
name = "portal_user_user_type",
joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "portal_user_id_fk") },
inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_type_id_fk") }
)
//Set<UserType> userTypes;
List<UserType> userTypes;
public User(String firstName, String middleName, String surname, char sex, Date birthdate, String taxCode,
String eMail, String contactNumber, Date createdAt) {
super();
this.firstName = firstName;
this.middleName = middleName;
this.surname = surname;
this.sex = sex;
this.birthdate = birthdate;
this.taxCode = taxCode;
this.eMail = eMail;
this.contactNumber = contactNumber;
this.createdAt = createdAt;
}
}
如您所见，它包含基于 portal_user_user_type 关联的 **@ManyToMany 关系 table:
@ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
@JoinTable(
name = "portal_user_user_type",
joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "portal_user_id_fk") },
inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_type_id_fk") }
)
//Set<UserType> userTypes;
List<UserType> userTypes;
这是我的 UserType 实体 classes 映射 user_type 数据库 table：
@Entity
@Table(name = "user_type")
@Getter
@Setter
public class UserType implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6904959949570501298L;
@Id
@Column(name = "id")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private int id;
@Column(name = "type_name")
private String typeName;
@Column(name = "description")
private String description;
@OneToMany(mappedBy = "userType")
@JsonManagedReference
private Set<User_UserType> userToUserTypeAssociation = new HashSet<>();
public UserType() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public UserType(String typeName, String description) {
super();
this.typeName = typeName;
this.description = description;
}
}
然后我创建了这个 JUnit 测试方法：
@SpringBootTest()
@ContextConfiguration(classes = GetUserWsApplication.class)
@TestMethodOrder(OrderAnnotation.class)
public class UserRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private UsersRepository userRepository;
@Autowired
UserTypeRepository userTypeRepository;
@Test
@Order(1)
public void testInsertUser() {
User user = new User("Luca", null, "Verdi", 'M', new Date(), "XXX", "xxx@gmail.com", "329123456", new Date());
Set<Address> addressesList = new HashSet<>();
addressesList.add(new Address("Italy", "RM", "00100", "Via XXX 123", "near YYY", user));
user.setAddressesList(addressesList);
//List<UserType> userTypesList = userTypeRepository.findAll();
List<UserType> userTypesList = new ArrayList<UserType>();
//Set<UserType> userTypesList = new HashSet<>();
UserType userType1 = new UserType("ADMIN", "Admin user type !!!");
UserType userType2 = new UserType("USER", "Just a simple user...");
userTypesList.add(userType1);
userTypesList.add(userType2);
//user.setUserToUserTypeAssociation(user_UserType_List);
user.setUserTypes(userTypesList);
userRepository.save(user);
assertTrue(true);
}
}
运行 这个测试方法和我预期的一样有效。基本上它在 portal_user table 中插入了一条新记录（由我的 User 实体 class 映射） , 然后它在 user_type table 中插入一条记录（由 UserType 实体 class 映射）并将该关系插入到我的名为 portal_user_user_type).
的 Many To many 关联 table 中
好的，现在我有以下情况。 user_type table 映射到 UserType class 是一个类型 table。它包含与可能的用户类型相关的预定义信息（例如：“ADMIN”、“MODERATOR”、“USER”等）。
所以这个 table 必须预先填充，我不必在这个 table 中插入新记录，但我必须使用现有记录来填充我的 portal_user_user_type 关联 table 创建新用户时。
所以我的想法是：
- 我首先通过 JPA 存储库检索可能的 UserType 实例列表。
- 与之前的代码不同，为了创建这些 UserType 实例，我将此列表设置到我的用户对象中。
我不知道这是不是正确的策略。无论如何，我已经以这种方式更改了我的单元测试方法的先前代码，但我遇到了一些问题：
@SpringBootTest()
@ContextConfiguration(classes = GetUserWsApplication.class)
@TestMethodOrder(OrderAnnotation.class)
public class UserRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private UsersRepository userRepository;
@Autowired
UserTypeRepository userTypeRepository;
@Test
@Order(1)
public void testInsertUser() {
User user = new User("Luca", null, "Verdi", 'M', new Date(), "XXX", "xxx@gmail.com", "329123456", new Date());
Set<Address> addressesList = new HashSet<>();
addressesList.add(new Address("Italy", "RM", "00100", "Via XXX 123", "near YYY", user));
user.setAddressesList(addressesList);
List<UserType> userTypesList = userTypeRepository.findAll();
user.setUserTypes(userTypesList);
userRepository.save(user);
assertTrue(true);
}
}
如您所见，我首先通过此 JPA 存储库检索用户类型列表，然后设置此列表（而不是我在先前版本的测试方法中手动创建的列表）：
List<UserType> userTypesList = userTypeRepository.findAll();
user.setUserTypes(userTypesList);
检索到的用户类型是这样的（这个列表是通过我的 userTypeRepository.findAll() 调用检索到的）：
所以我使用 setUserTypes() 方法设置它（就像我之前对手动创建的 UserType 对象所做的那样）。
问题是当这一行被执行时：
userRepository.save(user);
我得到以下异常：
Hibernate:
insert
into
portal_user
(birthdate, contact_number, created_at, e_mail, first_name, middle_name, sex, surname, tex_code)
values
(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
address
(country, notes, province, street, fk_user_id, zip_code)
values
(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: detached entity passed to persist: com.easydefi.users.entity.UserType; nested exception is org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: com.easydefi.users.entity.UserType
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateJpaDialect.java:297)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:233)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:551)
at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:61)
at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:242)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:152)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodInterceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:174)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:97)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:215)
at jdk.proxy2/jdk.proxy2.$Proxy105.save(Unknown Source)
at com.easydefi.users.tests.RepositoryTests.UserRepositoryTest.testInsertUser(UserRepositoryTest.java:77)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:78)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:688)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:131)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:149)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:140)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:84)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod[=18=](ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke[=18=](ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:106)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:64)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:45)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:37)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:210)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:206)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:131)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:65)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:129)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:127)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:126)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:84)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:143)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:129)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:127)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:126)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:84)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:143)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:129)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:127)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:126)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:84)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:108)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:88)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.lambda$execute[=18=](EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:54)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.withInterceptedStreams(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:67)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:52)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:96)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:84)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit5.runner.JUnit5TestReference.run(JUnit5TestReference.java:98)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:40)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:529)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:756)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:452)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:210)
Caused by: org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: com.easydefi.users.entity.UserType
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:120)
at org.hibernate.event.service.internal.EventListenerGroupImpl.fireEventOnEachListener(EventListenerGroupImpl.java:110)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:744)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:712)
at org.hibernate.engine.spi.CascadingActions.cascade(CascadingActions.java:298)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeToOne(Cascade.java:499)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeAssociation(Cascade.java:423)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeProperty(Cascade.java:220)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeCollectionElements(Cascade.java:532)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeCollection(Cascade.java:463)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeAssociation(Cascade.java:426)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeProperty(Cascade.java:220)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascade(Cascade.java:153)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.cascadeAfterSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:459)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:293)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:193)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:123)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:185)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:128)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:55)
at org.hibernate.event.service.internal.EventListenerGroupImpl.fireEventOnEachListener(EventListenerGroupImpl.java:99)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:720)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:706)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:78)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:311)
at jdk.proxy2/jdk.proxy2.$Proxy102.persist(Unknown Source)
at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository.save(SimpleJpaRepository.java:597)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:78)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryMethodInvoker$RepositoryFragmentMethodInvoker.lambda$new[=18=](RepositoryMethodInvoker.java:289)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryMethodInvoker.doInvoke(RepositoryMethodInvoker.java:137)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryMethodInvoker.invoke(RepositoryMethodInvoker.java:121)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryComposition$RepositoryFragments.invoke(RepositoryComposition.java:529)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryComposition.invoke(RepositoryComposition.java:285)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$ImplementationMethodExecutionInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:599)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.java:163)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.java:138)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.data.projection.DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.java:80)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:123)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:388)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:119)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:137)
... 75 more
问题似乎是这个传递给 persist 的分离实体，但它是什么意思？
我该如何解决这个问题？什么是首先检索可能的 UserTypes 列表，然后插入与这些检索到的用户类型有关系的新用户，避免再次将它们插入数据库的好方法？
您使用的 Cascade 类型似乎有问题。此处您将级联类型设置为 CascadeType.ALL
@ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
@JoinTable(
name = "portal_user_user_type",
joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "portal_user_id_fk") },
inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_type_id_fk") }
)
//Set<UserType> userTypes;
List<UserType> userTypes;
为什么这是个坏主意？当您对子实体执行 CascadeType.ALL 时，它将导致每个数据库操作都传播到实体 UserType。由于 Transaction 是 PERSISTED，它也尝试 PERSIST UserType，但由于 UserType 已经在数据库中，所以这不起作用。要解决此问题，请使用 CascadeType.MERGE 而不是 UserType 将自动合并。所以改变这一行：
@ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.MERGE})
另请注意，我假设 UserType 实体是唯一的？因此，考虑使用 set 而不是 list 来存储它们，因为您不希望重复。
我正在使用 Spring Data JPA 开发 Spring 引导项目。我是 Hibernate 映射方面的新手，我有以下疑问。
注意： 我首先实现了我的数据库 tables，然后我将这些 tables 映射到 Java 实体 classes.
我有这个用户 class:
@Entity
@Table(name = "portal_user")
@Getter
@Setter
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5062673109048808267L;
@Id
@Column(name = "id")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private int id;
@Column(name = "first_name")
private String firstName;
@Column(name = "middle_name")
private String middleName;
@Column(name = "surname")
private String surname;
@Column(name = "sex")
private char sex;
@Column(name = "birthdate")
private Date birthdate;
@Column(name = "tex_code")
private String taxCode;
@Column(name = "e_mail")
private String eMail;
@Column(name = "contact_number")
private String contactNumber;
@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
@Column(name = "created_at")
private Date createdAt;
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "user", orphanRemoval = true)
@JsonManagedReference
private Set<Address> addressesList = new HashSet<>();
//@OneToMany(mappedBy = "user", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
//@JsonManagedReference
//private Set<User_UserType> userToUserTypeAssociation = new HashSet<>();
@ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
@JoinTable(
name = "portal_user_user_type",
joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "portal_user_id_fk") },
inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_type_id_fk") }
)
//Set<UserType> userTypes;
List<UserType> userTypes;
public User(String firstName, String middleName, String surname, char sex, Date birthdate, String taxCode,
String eMail, String contactNumber, Date createdAt) {
super();
this.firstName = firstName;
this.middleName = middleName;
this.surname = surname;
this.sex = sex;
this.birthdate = birthdate;
this.taxCode = taxCode;
this.eMail = eMail;
this.contactNumber = contactNumber;
this.createdAt = createdAt;
}
}
如您所见，它包含基于 portal_user_user_type 关联的 **@ManyToMany 关系 table:
@ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
@JoinTable(
name = "portal_user_user_type",
joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "portal_user_id_fk") },
inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_type_id_fk") }
)
//Set<UserType> userTypes;
List<UserType> userTypes;
这是我的 UserType 实体 classes 映射 user_type 数据库 table：
@Entity
@Table(name = "user_type")
@Getter
@Setter
public class UserType implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6904959949570501298L;
@Id
@Column(name = "id")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private int id;
@Column(name = "type_name")
private String typeName;
@Column(name = "description")
private String description;
@OneToMany(mappedBy = "userType")
@JsonManagedReference
private Set<User_UserType> userToUserTypeAssociation = new HashSet<>();
public UserType() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public UserType(String typeName, String description) {
super();
this.typeName = typeName;
this.description = description;
}
}
然后我创建了这个 JUnit 测试方法：
@SpringBootTest()
@ContextConfiguration(classes = GetUserWsApplication.class)
@TestMethodOrder(OrderAnnotation.class)
public class UserRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private UsersRepository userRepository;
@Autowired
UserTypeRepository userTypeRepository;
@Test
@Order(1)
public void testInsertUser() {
User user = new User("Luca", null, "Verdi", 'M', new Date(), "XXX", "xxx@gmail.com", "329123456", new Date());
Set<Address> addressesList = new HashSet<>();
addressesList.add(new Address("Italy", "RM", "00100", "Via XXX 123", "near YYY", user));
user.setAddressesList(addressesList);
//List<UserType> userTypesList = userTypeRepository.findAll();
List<UserType> userTypesList = new ArrayList<UserType>();
//Set<UserType> userTypesList = new HashSet<>();
UserType userType1 = new UserType("ADMIN", "Admin user type !!!");
UserType userType2 = new UserType("USER", "Just a simple user...");
userTypesList.add(userType1);
userTypesList.add(userType2);
//user.setUserToUserTypeAssociation(user_UserType_List);
user.setUserTypes(userTypesList);
userRepository.save(user);
assertTrue(true);
}
}
运行 这个测试方法和我预期的一样有效。基本上它在 portal_user table 中插入了一条新记录（由我的 User 实体 class 映射） , 然后它在 user_type table 中插入一条记录（由 UserType 实体 class 映射）并将该关系插入到我的名为 portal_user_user_type).
的 Many To many 关联 table 中好的，现在我有以下情况。 user_type table 映射到 UserType class 是一个类型 table。它包含与可能的用户类型相关的预定义信息（例如：“ADMIN”、“MODERATOR”、“USER”等）。
所以这个 table 必须预先填充，我不必在这个 table 中插入新记录，但我必须使用现有记录来填充我的 portal_user_user_type 关联 table 创建新用户时。
所以我的想法是：
- 我首先通过 JPA 存储库检索可能的 UserType 实例列表。
- 与之前的代码不同，为了创建这些 UserType 实例，我将此列表设置到我的用户对象中。
我不知道这是不是正确的策略。无论如何，我已经以这种方式更改了我的单元测试方法的先前代码，但我遇到了一些问题：
@SpringBootTest()
@ContextConfiguration(classes = GetUserWsApplication.class)
@TestMethodOrder(OrderAnnotation.class)
public class UserRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private UsersRepository userRepository;
@Autowired
UserTypeRepository userTypeRepository;
@Test
@Order(1)
public void testInsertUser() {
User user = new User("Luca", null, "Verdi", 'M', new Date(), "XXX", "xxx@gmail.com", "329123456", new Date());
Set<Address> addressesList = new HashSet<>();
addressesList.add(new Address("Italy", "RM", "00100", "Via XXX 123", "near YYY", user));
user.setAddressesList(addressesList);
List<UserType> userTypesList = userTypeRepository.findAll();
user.setUserTypes(userTypesList);
userRepository.save(user);
assertTrue(true);
}
}
如您所见，我首先通过此 JPA 存储库检索用户类型列表，然后设置此列表（而不是我在先前版本的测试方法中手动创建的列表）：
List<UserType> userTypesList = userTypeRepository.findAll();
user.setUserTypes(userTypesList);
检索到的用户类型是这样的（这个列表是通过我的 userTypeRepository.findAll() 调用检索到的）：
所以我使用 setUserTypes() 方法设置它（就像我之前对手动创建的 UserType 对象所做的那样）。
问题是当这一行被执行时：
userRepository.save(user);
我得到以下异常：
Hibernate:
insert
into
portal_user
(birthdate, contact_number, created_at, e_mail, first_name, middle_name, sex, surname, tex_code)
values
(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
address
(country, notes, province, street, fk_user_id, zip_code)
values
(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: detached entity passed to persist: com.easydefi.users.entity.UserType; nested exception is org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: com.easydefi.users.entity.UserType
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateJpaDialect.java:297)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:233)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:551)
at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:61)
at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:242)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:152)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodInterceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:174)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:97)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:215)
at jdk.proxy2/jdk.proxy2.$Proxy105.save(Unknown Source)
at com.easydefi.users.tests.RepositoryTests.UserRepositoryTest.testInsertUser(UserRepositoryTest.java:77)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:78)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:688)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:131)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:149)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:140)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:84)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod[=18=](ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke[=18=](ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:106)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:64)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:45)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:37)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:210)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:206)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:131)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:65)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:129)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:127)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:126)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:84)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:143)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:129)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:127)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:126)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:84)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:143)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:129)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:127)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:126)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:84)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:108)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:88)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.lambda$execute[=18=](EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:54)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.withInterceptedStreams(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:67)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:52)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:96)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:84)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit5.runner.JUnit5TestReference.run(JUnit5TestReference.java:98)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:40)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:529)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:756)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:452)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:210)
Caused by: org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: com.easydefi.users.entity.UserType
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:120)
at org.hibernate.event.service.internal.EventListenerGroupImpl.fireEventOnEachListener(EventListenerGroupImpl.java:110)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:744)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:712)
at org.hibernate.engine.spi.CascadingActions.cascade(CascadingActions.java:298)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeToOne(Cascade.java:499)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeAssociation(Cascade.java:423)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeProperty(Cascade.java:220)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeCollectionElements(Cascade.java:532)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeCollection(Cascade.java:463)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeAssociation(Cascade.java:426)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeProperty(Cascade.java:220)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascade(Cascade.java:153)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.cascadeAfterSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:459)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:293)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:193)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:123)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:185)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:128)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:55)
at org.hibernate.event.service.internal.EventListenerGroupImpl.fireEventOnEachListener(EventListenerGroupImpl.java:99)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:720)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:706)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:78)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:311)
at jdk.proxy2/jdk.proxy2.$Proxy102.persist(Unknown Source)
at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository.save(SimpleJpaRepository.java:597)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:78)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryMethodInvoker$RepositoryFragmentMethodInvoker.lambda$new[=18=](RepositoryMethodInvoker.java:289)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryMethodInvoker.doInvoke(RepositoryMethodInvoker.java:137)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryMethodInvoker.invoke(RepositoryMethodInvoker.java:121)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryComposition$RepositoryFragments.invoke(RepositoryComposition.java:529)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryComposition.invoke(RepositoryComposition.java:285)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$ImplementationMethodExecutionInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:599)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.java:163)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.java:138)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.data.projection.DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.java:80)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:123)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:388)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:119)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:137)
... 75 more
问题似乎是这个传递给 persist 的分离实体，但它是什么意思？
我该如何解决这个问题？什么是首先检索可能的 UserTypes 列表，然后插入与这些检索到的用户类型有关系的新用户，避免再次将它们插入数据库的好方法？
您使用的 Cascade 类型似乎有问题。此处您将级联类型设置为 CascadeType.ALL
@ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
@JoinTable(
name = "portal_user_user_type",
joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "portal_user_id_fk") },
inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_type_id_fk") }
)
//Set<UserType> userTypes;
List<UserType> userTypes;
为什么这是个坏主意？当您对子实体执行 CascadeType.ALL 时，它将导致每个数据库操作都传播到实体 UserType。由于 Transaction 是 PERSISTED，它也尝试 PERSIST UserType，但由于 UserType 已经在数据库中，所以这不起作用。要解决此问题，请使用 CascadeType.MERGE 而不是 UserType 将自动合并。所以改变这一行：
@ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.MERGE})
另请注意，我假设 UserType 实体是唯一的？因此，考虑使用 set 而不是 list 来存储它们，因为您不希望重复。