如何在 Python 中使用可调用对象而不是抽象工厂模式?
How to use callables instead of Abstract Factory Pattern in Python?
我一直在努力找出何时何地在 Python 中使用不同的模式。我看到了这份文件:https://python-patterns.guide/gang-of-four/abstract-factory/
现在这让我想知道我怎样才能按照他在我的代码中所说的那样做。这是我的实现是一个抽象工厂。不确定是否正确。
from abc import abstractmethod, ABC
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from managers.database_manager import DatabaseManager
from managers.log_manager import LogManager
from managers.sqlalchemy_manager import get_db
from models.bal.post import Post
from models.dal.models import Post as ORMPost
class PostsManager(ABC):
def __init__(self):
pass
@abstractmethod
def get_posts(self):
pass
@abstractmethod
def get_post(self, post_id):
pass
@abstractmethod
def create_post(self, post: Post):
pass
@abstractmethod
def delete_post(self, post_id):
pass
@abstractmethod
def update_post(self, post_id, post: Post):
pass
class PostsManagerFactory:
@staticmethod
def get_posts_manager(use_orm=True) -> PostsManager:
if use_orm:
return PostsManagerWithORM()
else:
return PostsManagerWithoutORM()
class PostsManagerWithORM(PostsManager):
def get_posts(self):
db: Session = get_db()
posts = db.query(ORMPost).all()
return posts
def get_post(self, post_id):
pass
def create_post(self, post: Post):
pass
def delete_post(self, post_id):
pass
def update_post(self, post_id, post: Post):
pass
class PostsManagerWithoutORM(PostsManager):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.db_manager = DatabaseManager()
def get_posts(self):
posts = self.db_manager.execute_query("select * from posts")
return posts
def get_post(self, post_id):
post = self.db_manager.execute_query("SELECT * FROM posts WHERE id='%s'", (post_id,), single_record_flag=True)
return post
def create_post(self, post: Post):
post = self.db_manager.execute_query("INSERT INTO posts (title, content) VALUES (%s, %s) RETURNING *",
(post.title, post.content), single_record_flag=True)
return post
def delete_post(self, post_id):
post = self.db_manager.execute_query("DELETE FROM posts WHERE id = %s RETURNING *", (post_id,),
single_record_flag=True)
return post
def update_post(self, post_id, post: Post):
post = self.db_manager.execute_query(
"UPDATE posts SET title = %s, content = %s, published = %s WHERE id= %s RETURNING *",
(post.title, post.content, post.published, post_id),
single_record_flag=True)
return post
我是这样调用这些方法的:
posts_manager = PostsManagerFactory.get_posts_manager()
posts = posts_manager.get_posts()
我的第一个问题,使用抽象工厂模式是否正确?如果不是,请告诉我,我可能会问一个新问题。无论如何,如果是的话,为什么该文档说使用可调用对象比使用抽象工厂模式更好,在这种情况下我该怎么做?
关注你最后一条评论。
我不会在这个用例中使用抽象工厂模式。请问你为什么要用它?
当我建议通过将 get_posts_manager
提取到函数中来删除 PostsManagerFactory
class 时,我的意思是替换此代码片段
class PostsManagerFactory:
@staticmethod
def get_posts_manager(use_orm=True) -> PostsManager:
if use_orm:
return PostsManagerWithORM()
else:
return PostsManagerWithoutORM()
有了这个
def get_posts_manager(use_orm=True) -> PostsManager:
if use_orm:
return PostsManagerWithORM()
else:
return PostsManagerWithoutORM()
你可能想这样缩短
def get_posts_manager(use_orm=True) -> PostsManager:
return PostsManagerWithORM() if use_orm else PostsManagerWithoutORM()
然后,您只需调用函数即可在代码中使用它
posts_manager = get_posts_manager() # <----
posts = posts_manager.get_posts()
我一直在努力找出何时何地在 Python 中使用不同的模式。我看到了这份文件:https://python-patterns.guide/gang-of-four/abstract-factory/
现在这让我想知道我怎样才能按照他在我的代码中所说的那样做。这是我的实现是一个抽象工厂。不确定是否正确。
from abc import abstractmethod, ABC
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from managers.database_manager import DatabaseManager
from managers.log_manager import LogManager
from managers.sqlalchemy_manager import get_db
from models.bal.post import Post
from models.dal.models import Post as ORMPost
class PostsManager(ABC):
def __init__(self):
pass
@abstractmethod
def get_posts(self):
pass
@abstractmethod
def get_post(self, post_id):
pass
@abstractmethod
def create_post(self, post: Post):
pass
@abstractmethod
def delete_post(self, post_id):
pass
@abstractmethod
def update_post(self, post_id, post: Post):
pass
class PostsManagerFactory:
@staticmethod
def get_posts_manager(use_orm=True) -> PostsManager:
if use_orm:
return PostsManagerWithORM()
else:
return PostsManagerWithoutORM()
class PostsManagerWithORM(PostsManager):
def get_posts(self):
db: Session = get_db()
posts = db.query(ORMPost).all()
return posts
def get_post(self, post_id):
pass
def create_post(self, post: Post):
pass
def delete_post(self, post_id):
pass
def update_post(self, post_id, post: Post):
pass
class PostsManagerWithoutORM(PostsManager):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.db_manager = DatabaseManager()
def get_posts(self):
posts = self.db_manager.execute_query("select * from posts")
return posts
def get_post(self, post_id):
post = self.db_manager.execute_query("SELECT * FROM posts WHERE id='%s'", (post_id,), single_record_flag=True)
return post
def create_post(self, post: Post):
post = self.db_manager.execute_query("INSERT INTO posts (title, content) VALUES (%s, %s) RETURNING *",
(post.title, post.content), single_record_flag=True)
return post
def delete_post(self, post_id):
post = self.db_manager.execute_query("DELETE FROM posts WHERE id = %s RETURNING *", (post_id,),
single_record_flag=True)
return post
def update_post(self, post_id, post: Post):
post = self.db_manager.execute_query(
"UPDATE posts SET title = %s, content = %s, published = %s WHERE id= %s RETURNING *",
(post.title, post.content, post.published, post_id),
single_record_flag=True)
return post
我是这样调用这些方法的:
posts_manager = PostsManagerFactory.get_posts_manager()
posts = posts_manager.get_posts()
我的第一个问题,使用抽象工厂模式是否正确?如果不是,请告诉我,我可能会问一个新问题。无论如何,如果是的话,为什么该文档说使用可调用对象比使用抽象工厂模式更好,在这种情况下我该怎么做?
关注你最后一条评论。
我不会在这个用例中使用抽象工厂模式。请问你为什么要用它?
当我建议通过将 get_posts_manager
提取到函数中来删除 PostsManagerFactory
class 时,我的意思是替换此代码片段
class PostsManagerFactory:
@staticmethod
def get_posts_manager(use_orm=True) -> PostsManager:
if use_orm:
return PostsManagerWithORM()
else:
return PostsManagerWithoutORM()
有了这个
def get_posts_manager(use_orm=True) -> PostsManager:
if use_orm:
return PostsManagerWithORM()
else:
return PostsManagerWithoutORM()
你可能想这样缩短
def get_posts_manager(use_orm=True) -> PostsManager:
return PostsManagerWithORM() if use_orm else PostsManagerWithoutORM()
然后,您只需调用函数即可在代码中使用它
posts_manager = get_posts_manager() # <----
posts = posts_manager.get_posts()