XmlSchemaValidationException：当尝试反序列化 XML 并使用 XSD 模式验证它时，这是无效的 xsi:type 'Book'

Question

我有一个 xml 和一组 LibraryAssets，它们是书籍、报纸和专利，而 LibraryAsset 是它们派生的抽象 class。我使用 visual studio 的创建模式基于 xml 创建了一个 xsd 模式。但是，当我尝试反序列化 xml 以验证它是否与架构匹配时，出现以下错误：

System.InvalidOperationException : There is an error in XML document (3, 4).
  ----> System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaValidationException : This is an invalid xsi:type 'Book'.
   at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer.Deserialize(XmlReader xmlReader, String encodingStyle, XmlDeserializationEvents events)

我的 xsd 架构：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           attributeFormDefault="unqualified"
           elementFormDefault="qualified">
    <xsd:element name="ArrayOfLibraryAsset">
        <xsd:complexType>
            <xsd:sequence>
                <xsd:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="LibraryAsset">
                    <xsd:complexType>
                        <xsd:sequence>
                            <xsd:element name="Id" type="xsd:unsignedInt" />
                            <xsd:element name="Name" type="xsd:string" />
                            <xsd:element name="YearPublished" type="xsd:unsignedShort" />
                            <xsd:element name="PagesNumber" type="xsd:unsignedByte" />
                            <xsd:element name="Annotation" type="xsd:string" />
                            <xsd:element name="Price" type="xsd:unsignedByte" />
                            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Number" type="xsd:string" />
                            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Inventors">
                                <xsd:complexType>
                                    <xsd:sequence>
                                        <xsd:element name="string" type="xsd:string" />
                                    </xsd:sequence>
                                </xsd:complexType>
                            </xsd:element>
                            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Country" type="xsd:string" />
                            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="ApplicationDate" type="xsd:dateTime" />
                            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="StandardNumber" type="xsd:string" />
                            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Authors">
                                <xsd:complexType>
                                    <xsd:sequence>
                                        <xsd:element name="string" type="xsd:string" />
                                    </xsd:sequence>
                                </xsd:complexType>
                            </xsd:element>
                            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="CityPublished" type="xsd:string" />
                            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Publisher" type="xsd:string" />
                            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="CopiesNumber" type="xsd:unsignedShort" />
                            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Issue" type="xsd:unsignedByte" />
                            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="IssueDate" type="xsd:dateTime" />
                        </xsd:sequence>
                    </xsd:complexType>
                </xsd:element>
            </xsd:sequence>
        </xsd:complexType>
    </xsd:element>
</xs:schema>

Xml 文件：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ArrayOfLibraryAsset xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <LibraryAsset xsi:type="Book">
    <Id>62915385</Id>
    <Name>Unspecified</Name>
    <YearPublished>2000</YearPublished>
    <PagesNumber>200</PagesNumber>
    <Annotation>No annotation.</Annotation>
    <Price>50</Price>
    <StandardNumber>000-0-00-000000-0</StandardNumber>
    <Authors>
      <string>Author</string>
    </Authors>
    <CityPublished>Unspecified</CityPublished>
    <Publisher>Unspecified</Publisher>
    <CopiesNumber>300</CopiesNumber>
  </LibraryAsset>
  <LibraryAsset xsi:type="Newspaper">
    <Id>57188600</Id>
    <Name>Unspecified</Name>
    <YearPublished>2021</YearPublished>
    <PagesNumber>25</PagesNumber>
    <Annotation>No annotation.</Annotation>
    <Price>5</Price>
    <StandardNumber>0000-0000</StandardNumber>
    <CityPublished>Unspecified</CityPublished>
    <Publisher>Unspecified</Publisher>
    <CopiesNumber>1500</CopiesNumber>
    <Issue>10</Issue>
    <IssueDate>2021-11-19T00:00:00+04:00</IssueDate>
  </LibraryAsset>
  <LibraryAsset xsi:type="Patent">
    <Id>14464371</Id>
    <Name>Unspecified</Name>
    <YearPublished>2021</YearPublished>
    <PagesNumber>50</PagesNumber>
    <Annotation>No annotation.</Annotation>
    <Price>10</Price>
    <Number>X0000000</Number>
    <Inventors>
      <string>Inventor</string>
    </Inventors>
    <Country>Unspecified</Country>
    <ApplicationDate>2021-11-19T00:00:00+04:00</ApplicationDate>
    <IssueDate>2021-11-18T19:34:16.5902406+04:00</IssueDate>
  </LibraryAsset>
</ArrayOfLibraryAsset>

Xml反序列化：

var schemas = new XmlSchemaSet();
schemas.Add(null, shemaFilePath);
Exception exception = null;
var settings = new XmlReaderSettings
{
    Schemas = schemas,
    ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema,
    ValidationFlags =
        XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessIdentityConstraints |
        XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ReportValidationWarnings
};
settings.ValidationEventHandler += delegate (object sender, ValidationEventArgs args)
{
    if (args.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Warning)
    {
        _log.Warning(args.Message);
    }
    else
    {
        exception ??= args.Exception;
        _log.Error(exception);
        throw exception;
    }
};
using var fileStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
using var xmlReader = XmlReader.Create(fileStream, settings);
var xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<T>));
data = xmlSerializer.Deserialize(xmlReader) as List<T>;

Answer 1

因此，您的模式生成器有一个限制，它会忽略 xsi:type 属性。这不是一个很大的惊喜，很难知道它会对它们做什么。

您显然知道该工具不了解的内容（“LibraryAssets 是书籍、报纸和专利，而 LibraryAsset 是它们的抽象 class”）并且通常的做法是，当您生成架构时，您得到的只是第一次剪辑，您需要对其进行编辑以考虑您对应用程序域语义的了解。

Answer 2

解决方案比我想象的要简单得多。

所以，基本上，我只需要声明每种类型（书籍、报纸、专利是抽象 LibraryAsset 的扩展）。最终解决方案 XSD 如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           attributeFormDefault="unqualified"
           elementFormDefault="qualified">
    <xs:element name="LibraryAsset" type="LibraryAsset" abstract="true"/>
    <xs:element name="Book" type="Book"/>
    <xs:element name="Newspaper" type="Newspaper"/>
    <xs:element name="Patent" type="Patent"/>

    <xsd:complexType name="LibraryAsset" abstract="true">
        <xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:element name="Id" type="xsd:int" />
            <xsd:element name="Name" type="xsd:string" />
            <xsd:element name="YearPublished" type="xsd:int" />
            <xsd:element name="PagesNumber" type="xsd:int" />
            <xsd:element name="Annotation" type="xsd:string" />
            <xsd:element name="Price" type="xsd:int" />
            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Number" type="xsd:string" />
            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Inventors">
                <xsd:complexType>
                    <xsd:sequence>
                        <xsd:element name="string" type="xsd:string" />
                    </xsd:sequence>
                </xsd:complexType>
            </xsd:element>
            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Country" type="xsd:string" />
            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="ApplicationDate" type="xsd:dateTime" />
            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="StandardNumber" type="xsd:string" />
            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Authors">
                <xsd:complexType>
                    <xsd:sequence>
                        <xsd:element name="string" type="xsd:string" />
                    </xsd:sequence>
                </xsd:complexType>
            </xsd:element>
            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="CityPublished" type="xsd:string" />
            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Publisher" type="xsd:string" />
            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="CopiesNumber" type="xsd:int" />
            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="Issue" type="xsd:int" />
            <xsd:element minOccurs="0" name="IssueDate" type="xsd:dateTime" />
        </xsd:sequence>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:complexType name="Book">
        <xsd:complexContent>
            <xsd:extension base="LibraryAsset">

            </xsd:extension>
        </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:complexType name="Newspaper">
        <xsd:complexContent>
            <xsd:extension base="LibraryAsset">

            </xsd:extension>
        </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:complexType name="Patent">
        <xsd:complexContent>
            <xsd:extension base="LibraryAsset">

            </xsd:extension>
        </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="ArrayOfLibraryAsset">
        <xsd:complexType>
            <xsd:sequence>
                <xsd:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="LibraryAsset">
                </xsd:element>
            </xsd:sequence>
        </xsd:complexType>
    </xsd:element>
</xs:schema>

XmlSchemaValidationException：当尝试反序列化 XML 并使用 XSD 模式验证它时，这是无效的 xsi:type 'Book'

XmlSchemaValidationException: This is an invalid xsi:type 'Book' when trying to deserialize an XML validating it with an XSD schema

c#

xml

schema

xsd

xsd-validation