动态添加时如何设置对象的名称？

Question

我正在创建一个卡路里计算器，我需要动态添加食物。我正在动态添加小部件。例如，我添加一个标签。但是在 setObjectName 之后，我无法通过该名称访问。例如，我将标签的名称设置为“名称”。我试图用下图 name.text () 按名称获取标签的文本，但代码崩溃了。我做错了什么？

代码如下：

import sys  # interaction with Python

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *  # for classic application based on widgets
from PyQt5 import uic  # to read ui file
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets  # to create gui


class MyWin(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):  # create class witch inherit QMainWindow
    def __init__(self):  # constructor
        QtWidgets.QMainWindow.__init__(self)  # constructor of parent class
        uic.loadUi("gui.ui", self)  # load ui

        self.add_product.clicked.connect(self.add)
        self.remove_product.clicked.connect(self.remove)

    def add(self):
        h1 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.label = QLabel()
        self.label.setObjectName("name")  # set name
        self.label.text = "L"
        h1.addWidget(self.label)
        h1.addWidget(QLabel('Weight'))
        h2 = QHBoxLayout()
        h2.addWidget(QLineEdit())
        h2.addWidget(QLineEdit())
        i = self.verticalLayout_2.count()
        self.verticalLayout_2.insertLayout(i - 2, h1)
        self.verticalLayout_2.insertLayout(i - 1, h2)
        print(self.name.text())  # ERROR
    def remove(self):
        i = self.verticalLayout_2.count()
        if i > 3:
            QWidget().setLayout(self.verticalLayout_2.takeAt(i - 3))
            QWidget().setLayout(self.verticalLayout_2.takeAt(i - 4))


if __name__ == '__main__':  # for check non import module
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)  # create app
    mw = MyWin()  # create object of MyWin class
    mw.show()  # to show gui
    sys.exit(app.exec_())  # execute app

ui:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ui version="4.0">
 <class>MainWindow</class>
 <widget class="QMainWindow" name="MainWindow">
  <property name="geometry">
   <rect>
    <x>0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <width>458</width>
    <height>234</height>
   </rect>
  </property>
  <property name="windowTitle">
   <string>MainWindow</string>
  </property>
  <widget class="QWidget" name="centralwidget">
   <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout">
    <item>
     <widget class="QGroupBox" name="breakfest">
      <property name="title">
       <string>Breakfest</string>
      </property>
      <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout_3">
       <item>
        <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout_2">
         <item>
          <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_2">
           <item>
            <widget class="QLabel" name="label_product">
             <property name="text">
              <string>Product</string>
             </property>
            </widget>
           </item>
           <item>
            <widget class="QLabel" name="label_weight">
             <property name="text">
              <string>Weight</string>
             </property>
            </widget>
           </item>
          </layout>
         </item>
         <item>
          <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout">
           <item>
            <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEdit_product"/>
           </item>
           <item>
            <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEdit_weight"/>
           </item>
          </layout>
         </item>
         <item>
          <spacer name="verticalSpacer">
           <property name="orientation">
            <enum>Qt::Vertical</enum>
           </property>
           <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
            <size>
             <width>20</width>
             <height>40</height>
            </size>
           </property>
          </spacer>
         </item>
         <item>
          <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_3">
           <item>
            <widget class="QPushButton" name="add_product">
             <property name="text">
              <string>Add product</string>
             </property>
            </widget>
           </item>
           <item>
            <widget class="QPushButton" name="remove_product">
             <property name="text">
              <string>Remove product</string>
             </property>
            </widget>
           </item>
          </layout>
         </item>
        </layout>
       </item>
      </layout>
     </widget>
    </item>
   </layout>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QStatusBar" name="statusbar"/>
 </widget>
 <resources/>
 <connections/>
</ui>

Answer 1

您不能简单地使用 objectName 访问对象。您需要使用 findChild 方法。

选项 1：

self.widget_i_want = self.findChild(QLabel, "name")

但是正如@ekhumoro 所说，最好使用列表或字典来存储所有添加的标签。

选项 2：

class MyWin(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        QtWidgets.QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        uic.loadUi("gui.ui", self)  # load ui
        
        self.counter = 1  #this is going to be used to set unique names
        self.add_product.clicked.connect(self.add)
        self.remove_product.clicked.connect(self.remove)
        
        self.dynamically_added_widgets = list() 

    def add(self):
        global counter
        self.counter += 1
        h1 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.label = QLabel()
        self.label.setObjectName(f"name{self.counter}")  # set a new, unique name
        self.label.text = "L"
        h1.addWidget(self.label)
        h1.addWidget(QLabel('Weight'))
        h2 = QHBoxLayout()
        h2.addWidget(QLineEdit())
        h2.addWidget(QLineEdit())
        i = self.verticalLayout_2.count()
        self.verticalLayout_2.insertLayout(i - 2, h1)
        self.verticalLayout_2.insertLayout(i - 1, h2)

        self.dynamically_added_widgets.append(self.label) # add the new label to list
        print(self.dynamically_added_widgets)
        print(self.dynamically_added_widgets[-1].objectName())  # print the last added label's objectName
    def remove(self):
        i = self.verticalLayout_2.count()
        if i > 3:
            QWidget().setLayout(self.verticalLayout_2.takeAt(i - 3))
            QWidget().setLayout(self.verticalLayout_2.takeAt(i - 4))

动态添加时如何设置对象的名称？

How to set the name of an object when adding dynamically?

python

user-interface

pyqt

widget

pyqt5