将文本标记与单词列表匹配

Question

我想将单词列表中的单词与文本匹配并将它们提取到新列中。

我有这个数据

   df <- structure(list(ID = 1:3, Text = c(list("red car, car going, going to"),   list("red ball, ball on, on street"), list("to be, be or, or not"))), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -3L))


  ID                         Text
1  1 red car, car going, going to
2  2 red ball, ball on, on street
3  3         to be, be or, or not

而我这个重要词汇表

words <- c("car", "ball", "street", "dog", "frog")

我想要这样的df

  ID                         Text  Word
1  1 red car, car going, going to  c("car","car")
2  2 red ball, ball on, on street  c("ball", "ball", "street")
3  3         to be, be or, or not  NA

我的尝试

df$Word <- lapply(df$Text, function(x)  stringr::str_extract_all(x, "\b"%s+%words+%"\b"))

但它给了我一个长度为 5 的列表，而不仅仅是文本中的单词。

Answer 1

可能的解决方案：

library(tidyverse)

df <- data.frame(
  stringsAsFactors = FALSE,
  ID = c(1L, 2L, 3L),
  Text = c("red car, car going, going to","red ball, ball on, on street",
           "to be, be or, or not")
)

words <- c("car", "ball", "street", "dog", "frog")

df %>%
  mutate(word = Text) %>% 
  separate_rows(word, sep = ",|\s") %>% 
  mutate(word = ifelse(word %in% words, word, NA)) %>% 
  drop_na(word) %>% 
  group_by(ID) %>% 
  summarise(word = str_c(word, collapse = ", "), .groups = "drop") %>%  
  left_join(df,., by=c("ID"))

#>   ID                         Text               word
#> 1  1 red car, car going, going to           car, car
#> 2  2 red ball, ball on, on street ball, ball, street
#> 3  3         to be, be or, or not               <NA>

将文本标记与单词列表匹配

Matching text tokens with list of word

r

string

string-matching