Python - 如何遍历列表中的每个索引位置?

Python - How to loop through each index position in a list?

给定一个列表 [[["source1"], ["target1"], ["alignment1"]], ["source2"], ["target2"], ["alignment2"]], ...] ,我想提取源中与目标中的单词对齐的单词。 例如,在英德句子对 The hat is on the table 中。 - Der Hut liegt auf dem Tisch .,我想打印以下内容:

The - Der
hat - Hut
is - liegt
on - auf
the - dem
table - Tisch
. - . 

所以我写了以下内容:

en_de = [
[['The', 'hat', 'is', 'on', 'the', 'table', '.'], ['Der', 'Hut', 'liegt', 'auf', 'dem', 'Tisch', '.'], '0-0 1-1 2-2 3-3 4-4 5-5 6-6'], 
[['The', 'picture', 'is', 'on', 'the', 'wall', '.'], ['Das', 'Bild', 'hängt', 'an', 'der', 'Wand', '.'], '0-0 1-1 2-2 3-3 4-4 5-5 6-6'], 
[['The', 'bottle', 'is', 'under', 'the', 'sink', '.'], ['Die', 'Flasche', 'ist', 'under', 'dem', 'Waschbecken', '.'], '0-0 1-1 2-2 3-3 4-4 5-5 6-6']
]

for group in en_de:
    src_sent = group[0]
    tgt_sent = group[1]
    aligns = group[2]

    split_aligns = aligns.split()

    hyphen_split = [align.split("-") for align in split_aligns]

    align_index = hyphen_split[0]

    print(src_sent[int(align_index[0])],"-", tgt_sent[int(align_index[1])])

这会按预期打印 src_senttgt_sent 的索引位置 0 中的单词:

The - Der
The - Das
The - Die

现在,我不知道如何打印src_senttgt_sent的所有索引位置的单词。显然,我可以手动将 align_index 更新为句子对中每个位置的新索引位置,但在完整数据集上,某些句子最多会有 25 个索引位置。 有没有一种方法可以遍历每个索引位置? 当我尝试时:

align_index = hyphen_split[0:]
print(src_sent[int(align_index[0])],"-", tgt_sent[int(align_index[1])])

我得到一个 TypeError: int() argument must be a string, a bytes-like object or a number, not 'list' 很明显, align_index 不能是一个列表,但我不确定如何将它转换成能做我想做的事情的东西。 任何建议或帮助将不胜感激。提前谢谢你。

IIUC 你想要这个:

en_de = [
    [['The', 'hat', 'is', 'on', 'the', 'table', '.'], ['Der', 'Hut', 'liegt', 'auf', 'dem', 'Tisch', '.'], '0-0 1-1 2-2 3-3 4-4 5-5 6-6'],
    [['The', 'picture', 'is', 'on', 'the', 'wall', '.'], ['Das', 'Bild', 'hängt', 'an', 'der', 'Wand', '.'], '0-0 1-1 2-2 3-3 4-4 5-5 6-6'],
    [['The', 'bottle', 'is', 'under', 'the', 'sink', '.'], ['Die', 'Flasche', 'ist', 'under', 'dem', 'Waschbecken', '.'], '0-0 1-1 2-2 3-3 4-4 5-5 6-6']
]


for sentences in en_de:
    for en, de in zip(*sentences[:2]):
        print(f'{en} - {de}')

为每个句子打印成对的英语和德语。如果他们总是成对,这应该可行。因此,如果对齐始终是线性的,则根本没有必要。

如果对齐并不总是线性的,您也需要考虑到这一点:

en_de = [
    [['The', 'hat', 'is', 'on', 'the', 'table', '.'], ['Der', 'Hut', 'liegt', 'auf', 'dem', 'Tisch', '.'], '0-0 1-1 2-2 3-3 4-4 5-5 6-6'],
    [['The', 'picture', 'is', 'on', 'the', 'wall', '.'], ['Das', 'Bild', 'hängt', 'an', 'der', 'Wand', '.'], '0-0 1-1 2-2 3-3 4-4 5-5 6-6'],
    [['The', 'bottle', 'is', 'under', 'the', 'sink', '.'], ['Die', 'Flasche', 'ist', 'under', 'dem', 'Waschbecken', '.'], '0-0 1-1 2-2 3-3 4-4 5-5 6-6']
]


for sentences in en_de:
    # alternative to the below for loop
    # alignment = [(int(a), int(b)) for a, b in [p.split('-') for p in sentences[2].split()]]
    alignment = []
    for pair in sentences[2].split():
        e, g = pair.split('-')
        alignment.append((int(e), int(g)))

    english = [sentences[0][i] for i, _ in alignment]
    german = [sentences[1][i] for _, i in alignment]
    for en, ge in zip(english, german):
        print(f'{en} - {ge}')

您忘记遍历 hyphen_split 列表:

for group in en_de:
    src_sent = group[0]
    tgt_sent = group[1]
    aligns = group[2]

    split_aligns = aligns.split()

    hyphen_split = [align.split("-") for align in split_aligns]

    for align_index in hyphen_split:
        print(src_sent[int(align_index[0])],"-", tgt_sent[int(align_index[1])])

查看最后两行,根据您的代码更新。