如何从命令行 argv 动态分配多个字符串?

How do I dynamically allocate multiple strings from the command line argv?

对于这个作业,我应该从命令行参数中获取多个名称,这些名称以“+”(将名称插入我的链表)或“-”(从列表),所以如果我要输入“+bill +jim +ted -bill”,我会添加这三个不带“+”的名字并删除 bill。我尝试使用 malloc 动态分配一个字符串,这样我就可以修改 name 字符串,但是我的代码没有将字符串数据插入到我的链表中,我得到一个 free(): invalid pointer 错误我通过了一些测试字符串。如果我将 free(name) 语句移动到 if/else if 语句,我会遇到分段错误。我将如何从命令行正确地动态分配这些字符串以便对其进行修改?

int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
    struct node* head;
    for(int x = 0; x < argc; x++){
            char * name = malloc((strlen(argv[x])+1));
            name = argv[x];
            if(name[0] == '+'){
                    printf("adding %s \n", name++);
                    insert(&head, name++);
                    printf("List: ");
                    printList(&head);
            }
            else if(name[0] == '-'){
                    printf("removing %s \n", name++);
                    removeNode(&head, name++);
            }
            free(name);
    }
}

char * removeNode(struct node** head, char* name){
        struct node *current = *head;
        struct node *previous;

        if(current == NULL){
                return "error0";
        }

        if(current->data == name){
                struct node * node2delete= *head;
                *head = node2delete->next;
                char * name2 = malloc(strlen(name)+1);
                strcpy(name2, name);
                free(node2delete);
                printf("Removed %s \n", name);
                return name2;
        }
        while(current != NULL){
                previous  = current;
                current = current->next;
                if(current->data == name){
                        previous->next = current->next;
                        char * name2 = malloc(strlen(name)+1);
                        strcpy(name2, name);
                        free(current);
                        printf("Removed %s \n", name);
                        return name2;
                }
        }
        return "error0";
}

尝试使用 strcpy(name, argv[x]); 而不是 name = argv[x],因为当您将指针分配给指针时,它们将指向存储空终止字符数组的相同内存位置。这样您就可以在调用 free(name);

时为 argv[x] 完成内存释放

指针操作与赋值不同

另请参阅此线程:How do malloc() and free() work?

很多问题

字符串复制不正确

    //char * name = malloc((strlen(argv[x])+1));
    //name = argv[x];
    char * name = malloc(strlen(argv[x])+1);
    if (name == NULL) return EXIT_FAILURE; // Out of memory
    strcpy(name, argv[x]);

不正确free()

代码需要释放从分配中接收到的相同值。 name++ 搞砸了。

未初始化的磁头*

// struct node* head;
struct node* head == NULL;

更多

可能只需要在添加的时候分配,在+/-之后分配。

int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
  struct node* head = NULL;
  // for(int x = 0; x < argc; x++){
  for(int x = 1; x < argc; x++){  // Skip adding the program name, start at 1
    if(argv[x][0] == '+'){
      char * name = malloc((strlen(argv[x] + 1)+1));
      if (name == NULL) return EXIT_FAILURE; // Out of memory
      strcpy(name, argv[x]);
      printf("adding %s \n", name);  // No ++
      insert(&head, name); // No ++
      printf("List: ");
      printList(&head);
    }
    else if(argv[x][0] == '-'){
      printf("removing %s \n", argv[x] + 1);
      // This is a problem, I'd expect removeNode() to return a pointer to the free'd name
      char *name = removeNode(&head, argv[x] + 1);
      free(name);
    }
  }