在颜色条中划分不同的颜色
divide different colours in color bar
我正在尝试在 matplotlib 上绘制一些值。这是我到目前为止所取得的成就。
问题是颜色条只显示部分颜色。如何为每个游戏条目推送不同的颜色？
if __name__ == '__main__':
# reading excel file
games_male_attendance = collections.OrderedDict()
games_female_attendance = collections.OrderedDict()
df = pd.read_excel("Olympic-dataset.xlsx", usecols=["Game_Discipline", "Male", "Female"])
for index, row in df.iterrows():
game_name = row["Game_Discipline"]
male_attendance = row["Male"]
female_attendance = row["Female"]
if game_name not in games_male_attendance:
games_male_attendance[game_name] = male_attendance
if game_name not in games_female_attendance:
games_female_attendance[game_name] = female_attendance
list_male_attendance = list(games_male_attendance.values())
list_female_attendance = list(games_female_attendance.values())
classes = list(games_male_attendance.keys())
# set colors and legends
colors = plt.cm.get_cmap('tab20c')
indexes = []
for i in range(len(classes)):
indexes.append(i)
scatter = plt.scatter(y=list_male_attendance, x=list_female_attendance, c=range(len(classes)), cmap=colors, vmin=0, vmax=len(classes))
cbar = plt.colorbar(scatter)
cbar.ax.get_yaxis().set_ticks(indexes, labels=classes)
plt.ylabel("male attendance")
plt.xlabel("female attendance")
plt.show()
数据：
print(list_male_attendance)
[131, 98, 265, 144, 168, 42, 193, 0, 144, 1072, 0, 178, 86, 201, 344, 65, 187, 99, 64, 108, 71, 87, 48, 175, 192, 16, 25, 418, 55, 41, 146, 20, 126, 24, 151, 144, 125, 97, 99, 60, 40, 36, 38, 32, 9, 20]
print(list_female_attendance)
[70, 98, 257, 144, 168, 40, 96, 96, 90, 969, 105, 178, 86, 192, 264, 65, 102, 98, 64, 107, 72, 86, 48, 175, 192, 16, 25, 361, 55, 41, 122, 20, 123, 24, 146, 144, 73, 94, 90, 60, 40, 36, 38, 32, 10, 20]
print(classes)
['Cycling Road', 'Artistic Gymnastics', 'Rowing', 'Basketball', 'Handball', 'Karate', 'Wrestling', 'Rhythmic Gymnastics', 'Baseball/Softball', 'Athletics', 'Artistic Swimming', 'Shooting', 'Table Tennis', 'Judo', 'Football', 'Taekwondo', 'Boxing', 'Weightlifting', 'Archery', 'Fencing', 'Diving', 'Badminton', 'Beach Volleyball', 'Sailing', 'Hockey', 'Trampoline Gymnastics', 'Marathon Swimming', 'Swimming', 'Triathlon', 'Canoe Slalom', 'Water Polo', 'Surfing', 'Canoe Sprint', 'Cycling BMX Racing', 'Rugby Sevens', 'Volleyball', 'Equestrian', 'Tennis', 'Cycling Track', 'Golf', 'Skateboarding', 'Modern Pentathlon', 'Cycling Mountain Bike', '3x3 Basketball', 'Cycling BMX Freestyle', 'Sport Climbing']
tab20c 颜色栏只有 20 种颜色，比您的类别数少。不过，您可以做的一件事是将多个颜色图连接在一起并将其用于您的绘图。我使用了 this 中的方法并将其应用于您的情况。您可以在下面找到代码：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap, BoundaryNorm
fig=plt.figure(figsize=(15,12))
list_male_attendance=[131, 98, 265, 144, 168, 42, 193, 0, 144, 1072, 0, 178, 86, 201, 344, 65, 187, 99, 64, 108, 71, 87, 48, 175, 192, 16, 25, 418, 55, 41, 146, 20, 126, 24, 151, 144, 125, 97, 99, 60, 40, 36, 38, 32, 9, 20]
list_female_attendance=[70, 98, 257, 144, 168, 40, 96, 96, 90, 969, 105, 178, 86, 192, 264, 65, 102, 98, 64, 107, 72, 86, 48, 175, 192, 16, 25, 361, 55, 41, 122, 20, 123, 24, 146, 144, 73, 94, 90, 60, 40, 36, 38, 32, 10, 20]
classes=['Cycling Road', 'Artistic Gymnastics', 'Rowing', 'Basketball', 'Handball', 'Karate', 'Wrestling', 'Rhythmic Gymnastics', 'Baseball/Softball', 'Athletics', 'Artistic Swimming', 'Shooting', 'Table Tennis', 'Judo', 'Football', 'Taekwondo', 'Boxing', 'Weightlifting', 'Archery', 'Fencing', 'Diving', 'Badminton', 'Beach Volleyball', 'Sailing', 'Hockey', 'Trampoline Gymnastics', 'Marathon Swimming', 'Swimming', 'Triathlon', 'Canoe Slalom', 'Water Polo', 'Surfing', 'Canoe Sprint', 'Cycling BMX Racing', 'Rugby Sevens', 'Volleyball', 'Equestrian', 'Tennis', 'Cycling Track', 'Golf', 'Skateboarding', 'Modern Pentathlon', 'Cycling Mountain Bike', '3x3 Basketball', 'Cycling BMX Freestyle', 'Sport Climbing']
# set colors and legends
N=[8,8,8,8,8,6]# number of colors to extract from each cmap, sum(N)=len(classes)
base_cmaps = ['Greys','Purples','Reds','Blues','Oranges','Greens']
n_base = len(base_cmaps)
colors = np.concatenate([plt.get_cmap(name)(np.linspace(0.2,0.8,N[i])) for i,name in zip(range(n_base),base_cmaps)])
cmap = ListedColormap(colors)
gradient = np.linspace(0, 1, len(classes))
gradient = np.vstack((gradient, gradient))
indexes = []
for i in range(len(classes)):
indexes.append(i)
scatter = plt.scatter(y=list_male_attendance, x=list_female_attendance, c=range(len(classes)), cmap=cmap, vmin=0, vmax=len(classes))
cbar = plt.colorbar(scatter)
cbar.ax.get_yaxis().set_ticks(np.array(indexes)+0.5)
cbar.ax.get_yaxis().set_ticklabels(classes)
cbar.ax.get_yaxis().set_ticklabels(classes)
cbar.ax.tick_params(labelsize=8)
plt.ylabel("male attendance")
plt.xlabel("female attendance")
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
并且输出给出：
我正在尝试在 matplotlib 上绘制一些值。这是我到目前为止所取得的成就。
问题是颜色条只显示部分颜色。如何为每个游戏条目推送不同的颜色？
if __name__ == '__main__':
# reading excel file
games_male_attendance = collections.OrderedDict()
games_female_attendance = collections.OrderedDict()
df = pd.read_excel("Olympic-dataset.xlsx", usecols=["Game_Discipline", "Male", "Female"])
for index, row in df.iterrows():
game_name = row["Game_Discipline"]
male_attendance = row["Male"]
female_attendance = row["Female"]
if game_name not in games_male_attendance:
games_male_attendance[game_name] = male_attendance
if game_name not in games_female_attendance:
games_female_attendance[game_name] = female_attendance
list_male_attendance = list(games_male_attendance.values())
list_female_attendance = list(games_female_attendance.values())
classes = list(games_male_attendance.keys())
# set colors and legends
colors = plt.cm.get_cmap('tab20c')
indexes = []
for i in range(len(classes)):
indexes.append(i)
scatter = plt.scatter(y=list_male_attendance, x=list_female_attendance, c=range(len(classes)), cmap=colors, vmin=0, vmax=len(classes))
cbar = plt.colorbar(scatter)
cbar.ax.get_yaxis().set_ticks(indexes, labels=classes)
plt.ylabel("male attendance")
plt.xlabel("female attendance")
plt.show()
数据：
print(list_male_attendance)
[131, 98, 265, 144, 168, 42, 193, 0, 144, 1072, 0, 178, 86, 201, 344, 65, 187, 99, 64, 108, 71, 87, 48, 175, 192, 16, 25, 418, 55, 41, 146, 20, 126, 24, 151, 144, 125, 97, 99, 60, 40, 36, 38, 32, 9, 20]
print(list_female_attendance)
[70, 98, 257, 144, 168, 40, 96, 96, 90, 969, 105, 178, 86, 192, 264, 65, 102, 98, 64, 107, 72, 86, 48, 175, 192, 16, 25, 361, 55, 41, 122, 20, 123, 24, 146, 144, 73, 94, 90, 60, 40, 36, 38, 32, 10, 20]
print(classes)
['Cycling Road', 'Artistic Gymnastics', 'Rowing', 'Basketball', 'Handball', 'Karate', 'Wrestling', 'Rhythmic Gymnastics', 'Baseball/Softball', 'Athletics', 'Artistic Swimming', 'Shooting', 'Table Tennis', 'Judo', 'Football', 'Taekwondo', 'Boxing', 'Weightlifting', 'Archery', 'Fencing', 'Diving', 'Badminton', 'Beach Volleyball', 'Sailing', 'Hockey', 'Trampoline Gymnastics', 'Marathon Swimming', 'Swimming', 'Triathlon', 'Canoe Slalom', 'Water Polo', 'Surfing', 'Canoe Sprint', 'Cycling BMX Racing', 'Rugby Sevens', 'Volleyball', 'Equestrian', 'Tennis', 'Cycling Track', 'Golf', 'Skateboarding', 'Modern Pentathlon', 'Cycling Mountain Bike', '3x3 Basketball', 'Cycling BMX Freestyle', 'Sport Climbing']
tab20c 颜色栏只有 20 种颜色，比您的类别数少。不过，您可以做的一件事是将多个颜色图连接在一起并将其用于您的绘图。我使用了 this 中的方法并将其应用于您的情况。您可以在下面找到代码：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap, BoundaryNorm
fig=plt.figure(figsize=(15,12))
list_male_attendance=[131, 98, 265, 144, 168, 42, 193, 0, 144, 1072, 0, 178, 86, 201, 344, 65, 187, 99, 64, 108, 71, 87, 48, 175, 192, 16, 25, 418, 55, 41, 146, 20, 126, 24, 151, 144, 125, 97, 99, 60, 40, 36, 38, 32, 9, 20]
list_female_attendance=[70, 98, 257, 144, 168, 40, 96, 96, 90, 969, 105, 178, 86, 192, 264, 65, 102, 98, 64, 107, 72, 86, 48, 175, 192, 16, 25, 361, 55, 41, 122, 20, 123, 24, 146, 144, 73, 94, 90, 60, 40, 36, 38, 32, 10, 20]
classes=['Cycling Road', 'Artistic Gymnastics', 'Rowing', 'Basketball', 'Handball', 'Karate', 'Wrestling', 'Rhythmic Gymnastics', 'Baseball/Softball', 'Athletics', 'Artistic Swimming', 'Shooting', 'Table Tennis', 'Judo', 'Football', 'Taekwondo', 'Boxing', 'Weightlifting', 'Archery', 'Fencing', 'Diving', 'Badminton', 'Beach Volleyball', 'Sailing', 'Hockey', 'Trampoline Gymnastics', 'Marathon Swimming', 'Swimming', 'Triathlon', 'Canoe Slalom', 'Water Polo', 'Surfing', 'Canoe Sprint', 'Cycling BMX Racing', 'Rugby Sevens', 'Volleyball', 'Equestrian', 'Tennis', 'Cycling Track', 'Golf', 'Skateboarding', 'Modern Pentathlon', 'Cycling Mountain Bike', '3x3 Basketball', 'Cycling BMX Freestyle', 'Sport Climbing']
# set colors and legends
N=[8,8,8,8,8,6]# number of colors to extract from each cmap, sum(N)=len(classes)
base_cmaps = ['Greys','Purples','Reds','Blues','Oranges','Greens']
n_base = len(base_cmaps)
colors = np.concatenate([plt.get_cmap(name)(np.linspace(0.2,0.8,N[i])) for i,name in zip(range(n_base),base_cmaps)])
cmap = ListedColormap(colors)
gradient = np.linspace(0, 1, len(classes))
gradient = np.vstack((gradient, gradient))
indexes = []
for i in range(len(classes)):
indexes.append(i)
scatter = plt.scatter(y=list_male_attendance, x=list_female_attendance, c=range(len(classes)), cmap=cmap, vmin=0, vmax=len(classes))
cbar = plt.colorbar(scatter)
cbar.ax.get_yaxis().set_ticks(np.array(indexes)+0.5)
cbar.ax.get_yaxis().set_ticklabels(classes)
cbar.ax.get_yaxis().set_ticklabels(classes)
cbar.ax.tick_params(labelsize=8)
plt.ylabel("male attendance")
plt.xlabel("female attendance")
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
并且输出给出：