Python-docx：查找Word文档中所有占位符数字并用随机数替换
Python-docx: Find and replace all placeholder numbers in Word doc with random numbers
我在查找和替换 Word 文件段落中所有出现的多个占位符时遇到问题。这是一本游戏书，所以我正在尝试为起草本书时使用的占位符添加随机条目号。
所有占位符都以“#”开头（例如#1-5、#22-1 等）。设置数字，如第一个条目（始终为“1”），没有“#”前缀。通过在元组内压缩以供参考，占位符条目与随机对应项作为元组配对。
这一切都非常适合标题，因为它是按顺序直接 one-for-one 段落交换。问题是当我遍历常规段落（代码的倒数第二位）时。它似乎只替换前八个数字，然后停止。我试过设置一个循环，但似乎无济于事。不知道我错过了什么。代码如下。
编辑：以下是两个列表和引用元组的设置方式。在这个测试中，只设置了第一个条目，没有 in-paragraph 返回它的引用。所有其他的都将被随机化并替换 in-paragraph.
条目工作：
['#1-1', '#1-2', '#1-3', '#1-4', '#1-5', '#1-6', '#1-7', '#1-8', '#2', '#2-1', '#2-2', '#2-3', '#2-4', '#2-5', '#2 -6', '#2-7', '#16', '#17', '#3', '#3-1', '#3-2', '#3-3', '#3 -4', '#3-5', '#3-6', '#3-8', '#3-9']
条目数：
['2', '20', '12', '27', '23', '4', '11', '16', '26', '7', '25', '5', ' 3', '15', '17', '6', '18', '22', '10', '21', '19', '13', '28', '8', '14' , '9', '24']
参考：
(('#1-1', '2'), ('#1-2', '20'), ('#1-3', '12'), ('#1-4', '27 '), ('#1-5', '23'), ('#1-6', '4'), ('#1-7', '11'), ('#1-8', '16'), ('#2', '26'), ('#2-1', '7'), ('#2-2', '25'), ('#2-3', '5'), ('#2-4', '3'), ('#2-5', '15'), ('#2-6', '17'), ('#2-7 ', '6'), ('#16', '18'), ('#17', '22'), ('#3', '10'), ('#3-1', '21 '), ('#3-2', '19'), ('#3-3', '13'), ('#3-4', '28'), ('#3-5', '8'), ('#3-6', '14'), ('#3-8', '9'), ('#3-9', '24'))
感谢协助。
import sys, os, random
from docx import *
entryWorking = [] # The placeholder entries created for the draft gamebook
# Identify all paragraphs with a specific heading style (e.g. 'Heading 2')
def iter_headings( paragraphs, heading ) :
for paragraph in paragraphs :
if paragraph.style.name.startswith( heading ) :
yield paragraph
# Open the .docx file
document = Document( 'TestFile.docx' )
# Search document for unique placeholder entries (must have a unique heading style)
for heading in iter_headings( document.paragraphs, 'Heading 2' ) :
entryWorking.append( heading.text )
# Create list of randomized gamebook entry numbers
entryNumbers = [ i for i in range( len ( entryWorking ) + 1 ) ]
# Remove unnecessary entry zero (extra added above to compensate)
entryNumbers.remove( 0 )
# Convert to strings
entryNumbers = [ str( x ) for x in entryNumbers ]
# Identify pre-set entries (such as Entry 1), and remove from both lists
# This avoids pre-set numbers being replaced (i.e. they remain as is in the .docx)
# Pre-set entry numbers must _not_ have the "#" prefix in the .docx
for string in entryWorking :
if string[ 0 ] != '#' :
entryWorking.remove( string )
if string in entryNumbers :
entryNumbers.remove( string )
# Shuffle new entry numbers
random.shuffle( entryNumbers )
# Create tuple list of placeholder entries paired with random entry
reference = tuple( zip( entryWorking, entryNumbers ) )
# Replace placeholder headings with assigned randomized entry
for heading in iter_headings( document.paragraphs, 'Heading 2' ) :
for entry in reference :
if heading.text == entry[ 0 ] :
heading.text = entry[ 1 ]
# Search through paragraphs for placeholders and replace with randomized entry
for paragraph in document.paragraphs :
for run in paragraph.runs :
for entry in reference :
if run.text == entry[ 0 ] :
run.text = entry [ 1 ]
# Save the new document with final entries
document.save('Output.docx')
在 Word 中，在文本中的任意位置运行中断：
.
您可能对此答案中的链接感兴趣，这些链接演示了在一般情况下执行此类操作所需的（异常复杂的）工作：
How to use python-docx to replace text in a Word document and save
There are a couple of paragraph-level functions that do a good job of this and can be found on the GitHub site for python-docx.
This one will replace a regex-match with a replacement str. The replacement string will appear formatted the same as the first character of the matched string.
This one will isolate a run such that some formatting can be applied to that word or phrase, like highlighting each occurence of "foobar" in the text or perhaps making it bold or appear in a larger font.
幸运的是，它通常是可复制粘贴的，效果很好:)
谢谢scanny的协助！
我在让它工作后发现的最后一个问题是在每个参考号后添加一个“#”后缀以确保它们是唯一的（例如，#2 的随机条目没有被替换为 #2-1 ).
下面的工作代码。
import sys, os, random, re
from docx import *
# Identify all paragraphs with a specific heading style (e.g. 'Heading 2')
def iter_headings( paragraphs, heading ) :
for paragraph in paragraphs :
if paragraph.style.name.startswith( heading ) :
yield paragraph
def paragraph_replace_text( paragraph, regex, replace_str ) : # Credit to scanny on GitHub
"""Return `paragraph` after replacing all matches for `regex` with `replace_str`.
`regex` is a compiled regular expression prepared with `re.compile(pattern)`
according to the Python library documentation for the `re` module.
"""
# --- a paragraph may contain more than one match, loop until all are replaced ---
while True :
text = paragraph.text
match = regex.search( text )
if not match :
break
# --- when there's a match, we need to modify run.text for each run that
# --- contains any part of the match-string.
runs = iter( paragraph.runs )
start, end = match.start(), match.end()
# --- Skip over any leading runs that do not contain the match ---
for run in runs :
run_len = len( run.text )
if start < run_len :
break
start, end = start - run_len, end - run_len
# --- Match starts somewhere in the current run. Replace match-str prefix
# --- occurring in this run with entire replacement str.
run_text = run.text
run_len = len( run_text )
run.text = "%s%s%s" % ( run_text[ :start ], replace_str, run_text[ end: ] )
end -= run_len # --- note this is run-len before replacement ---
# --- Remove any suffix of match word that occurs in following runs. Note that
# --- such a suffix will always begin at the first character of the run. Also
# --- note a suffix can span one or more entire following runs.
for run in runs : # --- next and remaining runs, uses same iterator ---
if end <= 0 :
break
run_text = run.text
run_len = len( run_text )
run.text = run_text[ end: ]
end -= run_len
# --- optionally get rid of any "spanned" runs that are now empty. This
# --- could potentially delete things like inline pictures, so use your judgement.
# for run in paragraph.runs :
# if run.text == "" :
# r = run._r
# r.getparent().remove( r )
return paragraph
""" NOTE: Replace 'Doc.docx' with your filename """
# Open the .docx file
document = Document( 'Doc.docx' )
# Search document for unique placeholder entries (must have a unique heading style)
entryWorking = [] # The placeholder entries created for the draft gamebook
""" NOTE: Replace 'Heading 2' with your entry number header """
for heading in iter_headings( document.paragraphs, 'Heading 2' ) :
entryWorking.append( heading.text )
# Create list of randomized gamebook entry numbers
entryNumbers = [ i for i in range( len ( entryWorking ) + 1 ) ]
# Remove unnecessary entry zero (extra added above to compensate)
entryNumbers.remove( 0 )
# Convert to strings
entryNumbers = [ str( x ) for x in entryNumbers ]
# Identify pre-set entries (such as Entry 1), and remove from both lists
# This avoids pre-set numbers being replaced (i.e. they remain as is in the .docx)
# Pre-set entry numbers must _not_ have the "#" prefix in the .docx
for string in entryWorking :
if string[ 0 ] != '#' :
entryWorking.remove( string )
if string in entryNumbers :
entryNumbers.remove( string )
# Shuffle new entry numbers
random.shuffle( entryNumbers )
# Create tuple list of placeholder entries paired with random entry
reference = tuple( zip( entryWorking, entryNumbers ) )
# Replace placeholder headings with assigned randomized entry
for heading in iter_headings( document.paragraphs, 'Heading 2' ) :
for entry in reference :
if heading.text == entry[ 0 ] :
heading.text = entry[ 1 ]
for paragraph in document.paragraphs :
for entry in reference :
if entry[ 0 ] in paragraph.text :
regex = re.compile( entry[ 0 ] )
paragraph_replace_text(paragraph, regex, entry[ 1 ])
# Save the new document with final entries
document.save('Output.docx')
我在查找和替换 Word 文件段落中所有出现的多个占位符时遇到问题。这是一本游戏书，所以我正在尝试为起草本书时使用的占位符添加随机条目号。
所有占位符都以“#”开头（例如#1-5、#22-1 等）。设置数字，如第一个条目（始终为“1”），没有“#”前缀。通过在元组内压缩以供参考，占位符条目与随机对应项作为元组配对。
这一切都非常适合标题，因为它是按顺序直接 one-for-one 段落交换。问题是当我遍历常规段落（代码的倒数第二位）时。它似乎只替换前八个数字，然后停止。我试过设置一个循环，但似乎无济于事。不知道我错过了什么。代码如下。
编辑：以下是两个列表和引用元组的设置方式。在这个测试中，只设置了第一个条目，没有 in-paragraph 返回它的引用。所有其他的都将被随机化并替换 in-paragraph.
条目工作： ['#1-1', '#1-2', '#1-3', '#1-4', '#1-5', '#1-6', '#1-7', '#1-8', '#2', '#2-1', '#2-2', '#2-3', '#2-4', '#2-5', '#2 -6', '#2-7', '#16', '#17', '#3', '#3-1', '#3-2', '#3-3', '#3 -4', '#3-5', '#3-6', '#3-8', '#3-9']
条目数： ['2', '20', '12', '27', '23', '4', '11', '16', '26', '7', '25', '5', ' 3', '15', '17', '6', '18', '22', '10', '21', '19', '13', '28', '8', '14' , '9', '24']
参考： (('#1-1', '2'), ('#1-2', '20'), ('#1-3', '12'), ('#1-4', '27 '), ('#1-5', '23'), ('#1-6', '4'), ('#1-7', '11'), ('#1-8', '16'), ('#2', '26'), ('#2-1', '7'), ('#2-2', '25'), ('#2-3', '5'), ('#2-4', '3'), ('#2-5', '15'), ('#2-6', '17'), ('#2-7 ', '6'), ('#16', '18'), ('#17', '22'), ('#3', '10'), ('#3-1', '21 '), ('#3-2', '19'), ('#3-3', '13'), ('#3-4', '28'), ('#3-5', '8'), ('#3-6', '14'), ('#3-8', '9'), ('#3-9', '24'))
感谢协助。
import sys, os, random
from docx import *
entryWorking = [] # The placeholder entries created for the draft gamebook
# Identify all paragraphs with a specific heading style (e.g. 'Heading 2')
def iter_headings( paragraphs, heading ) :
for paragraph in paragraphs :
if paragraph.style.name.startswith( heading ) :
yield paragraph
# Open the .docx file
document = Document( 'TestFile.docx' )
# Search document for unique placeholder entries (must have a unique heading style)
for heading in iter_headings( document.paragraphs, 'Heading 2' ) :
entryWorking.append( heading.text )
# Create list of randomized gamebook entry numbers
entryNumbers = [ i for i in range( len ( entryWorking ) + 1 ) ]
# Remove unnecessary entry zero (extra added above to compensate)
entryNumbers.remove( 0 )
# Convert to strings
entryNumbers = [ str( x ) for x in entryNumbers ]
# Identify pre-set entries (such as Entry 1), and remove from both lists
# This avoids pre-set numbers being replaced (i.e. they remain as is in the .docx)
# Pre-set entry numbers must _not_ have the "#" prefix in the .docx
for string in entryWorking :
if string[ 0 ] != '#' :
entryWorking.remove( string )
if string in entryNumbers :
entryNumbers.remove( string )
# Shuffle new entry numbers
random.shuffle( entryNumbers )
# Create tuple list of placeholder entries paired with random entry
reference = tuple( zip( entryWorking, entryNumbers ) )
# Replace placeholder headings with assigned randomized entry
for heading in iter_headings( document.paragraphs, 'Heading 2' ) :
for entry in reference :
if heading.text == entry[ 0 ] :
heading.text = entry[ 1 ]
# Search through paragraphs for placeholders and replace with randomized entry
for paragraph in document.paragraphs :
for run in paragraph.runs :
for entry in reference :
if run.text == entry[ 0 ] :
run.text = entry [ 1 ]
# Save the new document with final entries
document.save('Output.docx')
在 Word 中，在文本中的任意位置运行中断：
您可能对此答案中的链接感兴趣，这些链接演示了在一般情况下执行此类操作所需的（异常复杂的）工作：
How to use python-docx to replace text in a Word document and save
There are a couple of paragraph-level functions that do a good job of this and can be found on the GitHub site for python-docx.
This one will replace a regex-match with a replacement str. The replacement string will appear formatted the same as the first character of the matched string.
This one will isolate a run such that some formatting can be applied to that word or phrase, like highlighting each occurence of "foobar" in the text or perhaps making it bold or appear in a larger font.
幸运的是，它通常是可复制粘贴的，效果很好:)
谢谢scanny的协助！
我在让它工作后发现的最后一个问题是在每个参考号后添加一个“#”后缀以确保它们是唯一的（例如，#2 的随机条目没有被替换为 #2-1 ).
下面的工作代码。
import sys, os, random, re
from docx import *
# Identify all paragraphs with a specific heading style (e.g. 'Heading 2')
def iter_headings( paragraphs, heading ) :
for paragraph in paragraphs :
if paragraph.style.name.startswith( heading ) :
yield paragraph
def paragraph_replace_text( paragraph, regex, replace_str ) : # Credit to scanny on GitHub
"""Return `paragraph` after replacing all matches for `regex` with `replace_str`.
`regex` is a compiled regular expression prepared with `re.compile(pattern)`
according to the Python library documentation for the `re` module.
"""
# --- a paragraph may contain more than one match, loop until all are replaced ---
while True :
text = paragraph.text
match = regex.search( text )
if not match :
break
# --- when there's a match, we need to modify run.text for each run that
# --- contains any part of the match-string.
runs = iter( paragraph.runs )
start, end = match.start(), match.end()
# --- Skip over any leading runs that do not contain the match ---
for run in runs :
run_len = len( run.text )
if start < run_len :
break
start, end = start - run_len, end - run_len
# --- Match starts somewhere in the current run. Replace match-str prefix
# --- occurring in this run with entire replacement str.
run_text = run.text
run_len = len( run_text )
run.text = "%s%s%s" % ( run_text[ :start ], replace_str, run_text[ end: ] )
end -= run_len # --- note this is run-len before replacement ---
# --- Remove any suffix of match word that occurs in following runs. Note that
# --- such a suffix will always begin at the first character of the run. Also
# --- note a suffix can span one or more entire following runs.
for run in runs : # --- next and remaining runs, uses same iterator ---
if end <= 0 :
break
run_text = run.text
run_len = len( run_text )
run.text = run_text[ end: ]
end -= run_len
# --- optionally get rid of any "spanned" runs that are now empty. This
# --- could potentially delete things like inline pictures, so use your judgement.
# for run in paragraph.runs :
# if run.text == "" :
# r = run._r
# r.getparent().remove( r )
return paragraph
""" NOTE: Replace 'Doc.docx' with your filename """
# Open the .docx file
document = Document( 'Doc.docx' )
# Search document for unique placeholder entries (must have a unique heading style)
entryWorking = [] # The placeholder entries created for the draft gamebook
""" NOTE: Replace 'Heading 2' with your entry number header """
for heading in iter_headings( document.paragraphs, 'Heading 2' ) :
entryWorking.append( heading.text )
# Create list of randomized gamebook entry numbers
entryNumbers = [ i for i in range( len ( entryWorking ) + 1 ) ]
# Remove unnecessary entry zero (extra added above to compensate)
entryNumbers.remove( 0 )
# Convert to strings
entryNumbers = [ str( x ) for x in entryNumbers ]
# Identify pre-set entries (such as Entry 1), and remove from both lists
# This avoids pre-set numbers being replaced (i.e. they remain as is in the .docx)
# Pre-set entry numbers must _not_ have the "#" prefix in the .docx
for string in entryWorking :
if string[ 0 ] != '#' :
entryWorking.remove( string )
if string in entryNumbers :
entryNumbers.remove( string )
# Shuffle new entry numbers
random.shuffle( entryNumbers )
# Create tuple list of placeholder entries paired with random entry
reference = tuple( zip( entryWorking, entryNumbers ) )
# Replace placeholder headings with assigned randomized entry
for heading in iter_headings( document.paragraphs, 'Heading 2' ) :
for entry in reference :
if heading.text == entry[ 0 ] :
heading.text = entry[ 1 ]
for paragraph in document.paragraphs :
for entry in reference :
if entry[ 0 ] in paragraph.text :
regex = re.compile( entry[ 0 ] )
paragraph_replace_text(paragraph, regex, entry[ 1 ])
# Save the new document with final entries
document.save('Output.docx')