如何使用 CSV 文件并使用 CSV 文件获得用户的输入？

Question

我使用 .csv 文件获得了有关车祸统计数据的数据集。我希望用户输入 State，然后显示有关该 State 的所有信息以供用户查看。怎么做到的？

数据集：

State,Population,Vehicle Miles traveled (millions),Fatal Crashes,Deaths
Alabama,"4,903,185","71,735",856,930
Alaska,"731,545","5,881",62,67
Arizona,"7,278,717","70,281",910,981
Arkansas,"3,017,804","37,099",467,505
California,"39,512,223","340,836","3,316","3,606"
Colorado,"5,758,736","54,634",544,596
Connecticut,"3,565,287","31,601",233,249
Delaware,"973,764","10,245",122,132
District of Columbia,"705,749","3,756",22,23
Florida,"21,477,737","226,514","2,950","3,183"
Georgia,"10,617,423","133,128","1,377","1,491"
Hawaii,"1,415,872","11,024",102,108
Idaho,"1,787,065","18,058",201,224
Illinois,"12,671,821","107,525",938,"1,009"
Indiana,"6,732,219","82,719",751,809
Iowa,"3,155,070","33,537",313,336
Kansas,"2,913,314","31,843",362,411
Kentucky,"4,467,673","49,410",667,732
Louisiana,"4,648,794","51,360",681,727
Maine,"1,344,212","14,871",143,157
Maryland,"6,045,680","60,216",484,521
Massachusetts,"6,892,503","64,890",321,334
Michigan,"9,986,857","102,174",902,985
Minnesota,"5,639,632","60,731",333,364
Mississippi,"2,976,149","41,091",581,643
Missouri,"6,137,428","79,168",818,880
Montana,"1,068,778","12,892",166,184
Nebraska,"1,934,408","21,242",212,248
Nevada,"3,080,156","28,794",285,304
New Hampshire,"1,359,711","13,828",90,101
New Jersey,"8,882,190","78,205",525,559
New Mexico,"2,096,829","27,772",368,424
New York,"19,453,561","123,986",876,931
North Carolina,"10,488,084","122,475","1,284","1,373"
North Dakota,"762,062","9,826",91,100
Ohio,"11,689,100","114,694","1,039","1,153"
Oklahoma,"3,956,971","44,648",584,640
Oregon,"4,217,737","35,808",451,489
Pennsylvania,"12,801,989","102,864",990,"1,059"
Rhode Island,"1,059,361","7,581",53,57
South Carolina,"5,148,714","57,939",922,"1,001"
South Dakota,"884,659","9,922",88,102
Tennessee,"6,829,174","82,892","1,040","1,135"
Texas,"28,995,881","288,227","3,294","3,615"
Utah,"3,205,958","32,911",225,248
Vermont,"623,989","7,346",44,47
Virginia,"8,535,519","85,432",774,831
Washington,"7,614,893","62,530",494,519
West Virginia,"1,792,147","19,077",247,260
Wisconsin,"5,822,434","66,348",526,566
Wyoming,"578,759","10,208",120,147
U.S. total,"328,239,523","3,261,774","33,244","36,096"

我在想这样的事情：

crashes = 0
stateInput = input("Please enter a State: ")

print("The total of number of crashes in" , stateInput , "is:" , crashes)

Answer 1

我建议你使用标准库的 csv module to read the file. Specifically the csv.DictReader class 它将 CSV 文件的每一行转换成一个 Python 字典，这将对其进行处理更简单。

下面的代码展示了如何做到这一点，并将所有状态字典存储到更高级别的 stateDB 字典中，以便每个状态的名称与其相关信息相关联，有效地使其成为“数据库”。请注意，州名称已全部转换为大写以简化查找。

import csv
from pprint import pprint

accidents_filepath = 'car_accidents.csv'

stateDB = dict()
with open(accidents_filepath, 'r', newline='') as csv_file:
    reader = csv.DictReader(csv_file)
    fieldnames = [name for name in reader.fieldnames if name != 'State']
    for state_info in reader:
        state = state_info['State']
        stateDB[state.upper()] = {key: state_info[key] for key in fieldnames}

#which_state = input("Please enter a state: ")
which_state = 'Mississippi'  # Hardcode for testing purposes.
print(f'Info for the state of {which_state}:')
pprint(stateDB[which_state.upper()])

输出：

Info for the state of Mississippi:
{'Deaths': '643',
 'Fatal Crashes': '581',
 'Population': '2,976,149',
 'Vehicle Miles traveled (millions)': '41,091'}

如何使用 CSV 文件并使用 CSV 文件获得用户的输入？

How to use a CSV file and use the CSV file to have an input from a user?

python

csv

datatable

input

table-statistics