NET Core 6 无法使用 DTO 更新数据库记录

Question

这是我第一次使用 DTO 将数据传输到数据库。我有这个使用 DTO 的 Create 方法（我不会显示 DTO，因为这只是一个例子）并且工作正常：

    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Create(CreateDTO dto)
    {
        DropDowns();
        dto.Date_Added = DateTime.Now;
        try
        {
            _context.Add(dto.ToWC_Inbox());
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
            return RedirectToAction(nameof(Index));
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("It didn't work.");
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(ex);
        }
        
        return View(dto.ToWC_Inbox());
    }

创建 DTO 缺少一些在初始创建后需要输入的字段，因此我有一个单独的 DTO 用于编辑，如下所示：

public class ReviewDTO
{
    public int ID { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(50)]
    public string First_Name { get; set; } = null!;
    [MaxLength(50)]
    public string Last_Name { get; set; } = null!;
    [MaxLength(10)]
    public string? Gender { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(30)]
    public string? Marital_Status { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(4)]
    public string? SSN { get; set; }
    public DateTime? DOB { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(100)]
    public string? Address { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(12)]
    public string? Phone_Number { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(4)]
    public string Org_Number { get; set; } = null!;
    public DateTime Hire_Date { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(20)]
    public string Job_Title { get; set; } = null!;
    [MaxLength(50)]
    public string Work_Schedule { get; set; } = null!;
    public DateTime Injury_Date { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(10)]
    public string Injury_Time { get; set; } = null!;
    [MaxLength(15)]
    public string DOT_12 { get; set; } = null!;
    [MaxLength(10)]
    public string Start_Time { get; set; } = null!;
    [MaxLength(30)]
    public string Injured_Body_Part { get; set; } = null!;
    [MaxLength(10)]
    public string? Side { get; set; }
    public bool Missing_Work { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Missing_Work_Date { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Begin_Missing_Date { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(10)]
    public string? Begin_Missing_Time { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Return_To_Work_Date { get; set; }
    public bool Doctors_Release { get; set; }
    public bool? Treatment { get; set; }
    [RequiredIf("Treatment == true", ErrorMessage = "Treatment Date is required.")]
    public DateTime? Treatment_Date { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(100)]
    [RequiredIf("Treatment == true", ErrorMessage = "Treatment Provider is required.")]
    public string? Treatment_Provider { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(15)]
    [RequiredIf("Treatment == true", ErrorMessage = "Treatment Provider Phone is required.")]
    public string? Treatment_Provider_Phone { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(50)]
    [RequiredIf("Treatment == true", ErrorMessage = "Where first treated is required.")]
    public string? Transport_First_Treatment { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(50)]
    [RequiredIf("Treatment == true", ErrorMessage = "The city of treatment is required.")]
    public string? Transport_City { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(250)]
    public string Injury_Description { get; set; } = null!;
    [MaxLength(250)]
    public string? Equipment { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(50)]
    public string? Witness { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(50)]
    public string? Supervisor_Name { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(15)]
    public string? Supervisor_Phone { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(250)]
    public string? Questioned { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(250)]
    public string? Medical_History { get; set; }
    public bool Inbox_Submitted { get; set; }
    [RequiredIf("Inbox_Submitted == false", ErrorMessage = "The reason is required.")]
    public string? Inbox_Reason { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(250)]
    public string? Comments { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(254)]
    public string User_Email { get; set; } = null!;
    [MaxLength(254)]
    public string Supervisor_Email { get; set; } = null!;
    [MaxLength(254)]
    public string Safety_Specialist_Email { get; set; } = null!;
    [MaxLength(254)]
    public string? Optional_Email { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(254)]
    public string? Optional_Email2 { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(254)]
    public string? Optional_Email3 { get; set; }
    [MaxLength(254)]
    public string? HDHR_Manager_Email { get; set; }
    public int TX_EROI_Lag { get; set; }
    public string? Claim_Ruling { get; set; }
    public string? Injury_Type { get; set; }
    public DateTime? TTD_Onset_Date { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Restricted_RTW_Date { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Full_Duty_RTW_Date { get; set; }
    public bool Receiving_TTD { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Date_TTD_Award_Notice { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Claim_Ruling_Date { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Med_Excuse_To { get; set; }
    public string? Doctor { get; set; }
    public DateTime? RTW_Email_Encova { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Lost_Time_Start1 { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Lost_Time_End1 { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Lost_Time_Start2 { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Lost_Time_End2 { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Lost_Time_Start3 { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Lost_Time_End3 { get; set; }
    public string? Status { get; set; }
    public string? HR_Comments { get; set; }
    public string Add_User { get; set; } = null!;
    public DateTime Date_Added { get; set; }
    public string? HR_User { get; set; }
    public DateTime? Date_Modified { get; set; }

    public WC_Inbox ToCompletedWC_Inbox()
    {
        return new WC_Inbox
        {
            First_Name = this.First_Name,
            Last_Name = this.Last_Name,
            Gender = this.Gender,
            Marital_Status = this.Marital_Status,
            SSN = this.SSN,
            DOB = this.DOB,
            Address = this.Address,
            Phone_Number = this.Phone_Number,
            Org_Number = this.Org_Number,
            Hire_Date = this.Hire_Date,
            Job_Title = this.Job_Title,
            Work_Schedule = this.Work_Schedule,
            Injury_Date = this.Injury_Date,
            Injury_Time = this.Injury_Time,
            DOT_12 = this.DOT_12,
            Start_Time = this.Start_Time,
            Injured_Body_Part = this.Injured_Body_Part,
            Side = this.Side,
            Missing_Work = this.Missing_Work,
            Missing_Work_Date = this.Missing_Work_Date,
            Begin_Missing_Date = this.Begin_Missing_Date,
            Begin_Missing_Time = this.Begin_Missing_Time,
            Return_To_Work_Date = this.Return_To_Work_Date,
            Doctors_Release = this.Doctors_Release,
            Treatment = this.Treatment,
            Treatment_Date = this.Treatment_Date,
            Treatment_Provider = this.Treatment_Provider,
            Treatment_Provider_Phone = this.Treatment_Provider_Phone,
            Transport_First_Treatment = this.Transport_First_Treatment,
            Transport_City = this.Transport_City,
            Injury_Description = this.Injury_Description,
            Equipment = this.Equipment,
            Witness = this.Witness,
            Supervisor_Name = this.Supervisor_Name,
            Supervisor_Phone = this.Supervisor_Phone,
            Questioned = this.Questioned,
            Medical_History = this.Medical_History,
            Inbox_Submitted = this.Inbox_Submitted,
            Inbox_Reason = this.Inbox_Reason,
            Comments = this.Comments,
            User_Email = this.User_Email,
            Supervisor_Email = this.Supervisor_Email,
            Safety_Specialist_Email = this.Safety_Specialist_Email,
            Optional_Email = this.Optional_Email,
            Optional_Email2 = this.Optional_Email2,
            Optional_Email3 = this.Optional_Email3,
            HDHR_Manager_Email = this.HDHR_Manager_Email,
            TX_EROI_Lag = this.TX_EROI_Lag,
            Claim_Ruling = this.Claim_Ruling,
            Injury_Type = this.Injury_Type,
            TTD_Onset_Date = this.TTD_Onset_Date,
            Restricted_RTW_Date = this.Restricted_RTW_Date,
            Full_Duty_RTW_Date = this.Full_Duty_RTW_Date,
            Receiving_TTD = this.Receiving_TTD,
            Date_TTD_Award_Notice = this.Date_TTD_Award_Notice,
            Claim_Ruling_Date = this.Claim_Ruling_Date,
            Med_Excuse_To = this.Med_Excuse_To,
            Doctor = this.Doctor,
            RTW_Email_Encova = this.RTW_Email_Encova,
            Lost_Time_Start1 = this.Lost_Time_Start1,
            Lost_Time_End1 = this.Lost_Time_End1,
            Lost_Time_Start2 = this.Lost_Time_Start2,
            Lost_Time_End2 = this.Lost_Time_End2,  
            Lost_Time_Start3 = this.Lost_Time_Start3,
            Lost_Time_End3 = this.Lost_Time_End3,
            Add_User = this.Add_User,
            Date_Added = this.Date_Added,
            HR_User = this.HR_User,
            Date_Modified = this.Date_Modified,
        };
    }
}

和控制器方法：

    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(int id, ReviewDTO dto)
    {
        System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("ID: " + id);
        System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("DTO ID: " + dto.ID);
        DropDowns();
        if (id != dto.ID)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        try
        {
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Updating DB");
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("ID again: " + id);
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("DTO ID again: " + dto.ID);
            _context.Update(dto.ToCompletedWC_Inbox());
            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
        }
        catch (DbUpdateConcurrencyException)
        {
            if (!WC_InboxExists(id))
            {
                return NotFound();
            }
            else
            {
                throw;
            }
        }
        return RedirectToAction(nameof(Index));
    }

问题是 Edit 方法没有更新现有记录，而是使用更新后的信息创建了一个全新的记录，而旧记录未被编辑。

那些打印语句用于确认 dto.ID 和从上一页收集的 ID 匹配，它们确实匹配。

经过一些研究，我相信这是因为我需要从数据库中获取记录的当前版本，用发布的值更改它，然后将其保存回数据库，但我并不完全确定如何执行此操作。

有人可以帮我解决这个问题吗？提前谢谢你。

Answer 1

不应该 ToCompletedWC_Inbox 也映射一个 Id。类似于：

public WC_Inbox ToCompletedWC_Inbox()
{
    return new WC_Inbox
    {
        ID = this.ID, // assuming WC_Inbox has ID property
        First_Name = this.First_Name,
        ....

NET Core 6 无法使用 DTO 更新数据库记录

NET Core 6 Trouble updating a DB record using a DTO

c#

entity-framework

dto

asp.net-core

asp.net-core-6.0