从函数传递变量以在其他函数中访问 [Python]
Passing a variable from a function to be acessible in other function [Python]
我最近刚进入 python 世界，我正在为一个问题而苦苦挣扎...
我正在做一个连接到 raspberry pi 中的数据库的应用程序（它总是在改变它的 ip，而 android 手机无法解析它的主机名，这就是为什么我需要指定地址）。
我目前正在使用 Python 3.9 和 Kivy 2.0.0。
我希望 variavel 函数中的那两个变量（mydb 和 mycursor）可以在其他函数中访问...我有什么办法吗这个？
Main.py
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.properties import StringProperty
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup
import mysql.connector
class MainWidget2(BoxLayout):
server_connect = StringProperty("not_connected.png")
debug_net = StringProperty()
hosts = StringProperty()
input_text = StringProperty()
def variavel(self, widget):
self.hosts= widget.text
widget.text = ""
try:
mydb = mysql.connector.connect(host=str(self.hosts), user="client", passwd="", database="skye_pap")
mycursor = mydb.cursor()
self.server_connect = 'connected.png'
except Exception as a:
self.debug_net = str(a)
self.server_connect = 'not_connected.png'
def frente(self):
try:
mydb = mysql.connector.connect(host=str(self.hosts), user="client", passwd="afonso11", database="skye_pap")
mycursor = mydb.cursor()
mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET motor=1')
mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def tras(self):
mydb = mysql.connector.connect(host=str(self.ids["input"].text), user="client", passwd="afonso11", database="skye_pap")
mycursor = mydb.cursor()
try:
mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET motor=-1')
mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def esq(self):
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET servo=1')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def dir(self):
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET servo=2')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def meio(self):
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET servo=0')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def meio_motor(self):
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET motor=0')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def lights_on(self, onemore, state):
if state == "down":
print("on")
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET luz=1')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as z:
pass
else:
print("off")
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET luz=0')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as z:
pass
class skye(App):
def build(self):
self.icon = "logoapp.png"
skye().run()
skye.kv
MainWidget2:
<MainWidget2>:
GridLayout:
cols:3
GridLayout:#botoes esquerda
padding: ("50dp","30px","0px","0px")
pos: self.parent.pos
cols: 3
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B1"
size_hint: None,None
size: "100dp", "100dp"
background_normal: 'desligado.png'
background_down: 'ligado2.png'
on_press: root.frente()
on_release: root.meio_motor()
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B2"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B3"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B4"
size_hint: None,None
on_press: root.tras()
on_release: root.meio_motor()
size: "100dp", "100dp"
background_normal: 'desligado.png'
background_down: 'ligado2.png'
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
GridLayout:
cols: 1
Image:
source: root.server_connect
size_hint: .8, .8
id:server_status
FloatLayout:
ToggleButton:
pos_hint: {'center_x': .5, 'center_y': .5}
id: luzes_toggle
size_hint: None, None
size: "100dp", "100dp"
background_normal: 'luz_desligada.png'
background_down: 'luz_ligada.png'
on_state: root.lights_on(self, self.state)
Label:
text: root.debug_net
TextInput:
id: input
multiline: False
on_text_validate: root.variavel(self)
text: root.input_text
Label:
text: root.hosts
Button:
text:"Falar"
Label:
text: "Luzes:"
GridLayout:#botoes direita
cols: 3
padding: ("0dp","30px","50px","0px")
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B1"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B2"
size_hint: None,None
size: "100dp", "100dp"
background_normal: 'desligado.png'
background_down: 'ligado2.png'
on_press: root.esq()
on_release: root.meio()
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B3"
size_hint: None,None
size: "100dp", "100dp"
background_normal: 'desligado.png'
background_down: 'ligado2.png'
on_press: root.dir()
on_release: root.meio()
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B4"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
您应该在每个您希望从 object 中的每个 method 访问的变量之前添加 self.。
例如，将每个 mydb 变量设为 self.mydb，将 mycursor 设为 self.mycursor。
要提升方法范围的变量以供其他 class 方法使用，请将它们添加到 self:
self.mydb = mysql.connector.connect(...[stuff]...)
self.mycursor = self.mydb.cursor()
然后将所有对 mydb 的引用替换为 self.mydb，将对 mycursor 的所有引用替换为 self.mycursor。这些变量可以从相同 class.
的其他方法访问
在 class Mainwidget2 中创建 class 变量 - 让它们命名为：class_my_db、class_my_cursor.
class MainWidget2(BoxLayout):
server_connect = StringProperty("not_connected.png")
debug_net = StringProperty()
hosts = StringProperty()
input_text = StringProperty()
class_my_db = '' //New Class Variable to hold my_db
class_my_cursor = '' //New Class Variable to hold my_cursor
现在您可以在通读 mysql 后设置 class 变量的值。
def variavel(self, widget):
self.hosts= widget.text
widget.text = ""
try:
mydb = mysql.connector.connect(host=str(self.hosts), user="client", passwd="", database="skye_pap")
self.class_my_db = mydb //assigning mydb to the class variable
mycursor = mydb.cursor()
self.class_my_cursor = mycursor //assigning mydb to the class variable
self.server_connect = 'connected.png'
except Exception as a:
self.debug_net = str(a)
self.server_connect = 'not_connected.png'
现在您可以使用 self 运算符访问所有其他函数中的 class 变量。 self.class_my_db 和 self.class_my_cursor 就足够了。
我最近刚进入 python 世界，我正在为一个问题而苦苦挣扎...
我正在做一个连接到 raspberry pi 中的数据库的应用程序（它总是在改变它的 ip，而 android 手机无法解析它的主机名，这就是为什么我需要指定地址）。
我目前正在使用 Python 3.9 和 Kivy 2.0.0。
我希望 variavel 函数中的那两个变量（mydb 和 mycursor）可以在其他函数中访问...我有什么办法吗这个？
Main.py
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.properties import StringProperty
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup
import mysql.connector
class MainWidget2(BoxLayout):
server_connect = StringProperty("not_connected.png")
debug_net = StringProperty()
hosts = StringProperty()
input_text = StringProperty()
def variavel(self, widget):
self.hosts= widget.text
widget.text = ""
try:
mydb = mysql.connector.connect(host=str(self.hosts), user="client", passwd="", database="skye_pap")
mycursor = mydb.cursor()
self.server_connect = 'connected.png'
except Exception as a:
self.debug_net = str(a)
self.server_connect = 'not_connected.png'
def frente(self):
try:
mydb = mysql.connector.connect(host=str(self.hosts), user="client", passwd="afonso11", database="skye_pap")
mycursor = mydb.cursor()
mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET motor=1')
mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def tras(self):
mydb = mysql.connector.connect(host=str(self.ids["input"].text), user="client", passwd="afonso11", database="skye_pap")
mycursor = mydb.cursor()
try:
mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET motor=-1')
mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def esq(self):
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET servo=1')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def dir(self):
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET servo=2')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def meio(self):
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET servo=0')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def meio_motor(self):
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET motor=0')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as b:
pass
def lights_on(self, onemore, state):
if state == "down":
print("on")
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET luz=1')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as z:
pass
else:
print("off")
try:
self.mycursor.execute('UPDATE car_controll SET luz=0')
self.mydb.commit()
except Exception as z:
pass
class skye(App):
def build(self):
self.icon = "logoapp.png"
skye().run()
skye.kv
MainWidget2:
<MainWidget2>:
GridLayout:
cols:3
GridLayout:#botoes esquerda
padding: ("50dp","30px","0px","0px")
pos: self.parent.pos
cols: 3
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B1"
size_hint: None,None
size: "100dp", "100dp"
background_normal: 'desligado.png'
background_down: 'ligado2.png'
on_press: root.frente()
on_release: root.meio_motor()
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B2"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B3"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B4"
size_hint: None,None
on_press: root.tras()
on_release: root.meio_motor()
size: "100dp", "100dp"
background_normal: 'desligado.png'
background_down: 'ligado2.png'
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
GridLayout:
cols: 1
Image:
source: root.server_connect
size_hint: .8, .8
id:server_status
FloatLayout:
ToggleButton:
pos_hint: {'center_x': .5, 'center_y': .5}
id: luzes_toggle
size_hint: None, None
size: "100dp", "100dp"
background_normal: 'luz_desligada.png'
background_down: 'luz_ligada.png'
on_state: root.lights_on(self, self.state)
Label:
text: root.debug_net
TextInput:
id: input
multiline: False
on_text_validate: root.variavel(self)
text: root.input_text
Label:
text: root.hosts
Button:
text:"Falar"
Label:
text: "Luzes:"
GridLayout:#botoes direita
cols: 3
padding: ("0dp","30px","50px","0px")
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B1"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B2"
size_hint: None,None
size: "100dp", "100dp"
background_normal: 'desligado.png'
background_down: 'ligado2.png'
on_press: root.esq()
on_release: root.meio()
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B3"
size_hint: None,None
size: "100dp", "100dp"
background_normal: 'desligado.png'
background_down: 'ligado2.png'
on_press: root.dir()
on_release: root.meio()
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "B4"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
Button:
text: "0"
size_hint: None,None
size: "70dp", "70dp"
disabled: True
opacity: 0
您应该在每个您希望从 object 中的每个 method 访问的变量之前添加 self.。
例如，将每个 mydb 变量设为 self.mydb，将 mycursor 设为 self.mycursor。
要提升方法范围的变量以供其他 class 方法使用，请将它们添加到 self:
self.mydb = mysql.connector.connect(...[stuff]...)
self.mycursor = self.mydb.cursor()
然后将所有对 mydb 的引用替换为 self.mydb，将对 mycursor 的所有引用替换为 self.mycursor。这些变量可以从相同 class.
在 class Mainwidget2 中创建 class 变量 - 让它们命名为：class_my_db、class_my_cursor.
class MainWidget2(BoxLayout):
server_connect = StringProperty("not_connected.png")
debug_net = StringProperty()
hosts = StringProperty()
input_text = StringProperty()
class_my_db = '' //New Class Variable to hold my_db
class_my_cursor = '' //New Class Variable to hold my_cursor
现在您可以在通读 mysql 后设置 class 变量的值。
def variavel(self, widget):
self.hosts= widget.text
widget.text = ""
try:
mydb = mysql.connector.connect(host=str(self.hosts), user="client", passwd="", database="skye_pap")
self.class_my_db = mydb //assigning mydb to the class variable
mycursor = mydb.cursor()
self.class_my_cursor = mycursor //assigning mydb to the class variable
self.server_connect = 'connected.png'
except Exception as a:
self.debug_net = str(a)
self.server_connect = 'not_connected.png'
现在您可以使用 self 运算符访问所有其他函数中的 class 变量。 self.class_my_db 和 self.class_my_cursor 就足够了。