JPanel 未在 JFrame 中显示,但 JFrame 仍会更改大小

JPanel not showing in JFrame, but JFrame still changes size

我不知道我做了什么,或者出了什么问题,但我在最近某个时候所做的更改使我的 JPanel 完全不可见。它嵌套的 JFrame 仍然会改变大小以容纳它,我仍然可以切换组合框中的内容。

无奈之下,我尝试用一​​个按钮替换 SnakeSettingsPanel class 的内容,但同样的事情发生了——完全不可见,但我仍然可以与之交互。我认为这可能是计算机错误,所以我尝试重新启动,但仍然没有。当我尝试向 JPanel 外部的框架添加一个按钮时,它工作得很好。我做错了什么?

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.*;

public class SnakeSettingsPanel extends JPanel {
    public boolean quit = false;
    public boolean play = false;
    public int width = 20;
    public int height = 15;
    public Speed speed = Speed.SLOW;

    public JTextField wField;
    public JTextField hField;
    public JComboBox<Speed> sField;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame jf = new JFrame();
        jf.setTitle("Snake");
        SnakeSettingsPanel settings = new SnakeSettingsPanel();
        jf.add(settings);
        jf.pack();
        jf.setVisible(true);
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public SnakeSettingsPanel() {
        setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

        // @author Create our labels.
        JLabel wLabel = new JLabel("Width:");
        JLabel hLabel = new JLabel("Height:");
        JLabel sLabel = new JLabel("Speed:");
        
        GridBagConstraints p = new GridBagConstraints();
            p.gridx = 0;
            p.gridy = 0;
            p.insets = new Insets(10, 10, 10, 10);

        // @author Create the buttons, and add listeners
        JButton y = new JButton("Play");
        JButton n = new JButton("Quit");
        y.addActionListener(new PlayListener());
        n.addActionListener(new QuitListener());

        // @author Create text fields for height/width
        wField = new JTextField(15);
        wField.setText("20");
        hField = new JTextField(15);
        hField.setText("15");

        // @author Creates a combobox for selecting speed.
        Speed[] speeds = {Speed.SLOW, Speed.MEDIUM, Speed.FAST};
        sField = new JComboBox<Speed>(speeds);

        // @author Stitch everything into the panel.
        add(wLabel, p);
        p.gridx = 1;
        add(wField, p);
        p.gridx = 0;
        p.gridy = 1;
        add(hLabel, p);
        p.gridx = 1;
        add(hField, p);
        p.gridx = 0;
        p.gridy = 2;
        add(sLabel, p);
        p.gridx = 1;
        add(sField, p);
        p.gridx = 0;
        p.gridy = 3;
        add(y, p);
        p.gridx = 1;
        add(n, p);

        setVisible(true);
    }

    public boolean getPlay() {
        return play;
    }

    public boolean getQuit() {
        return quit;
    }

    // @author Returns all settings as a SnakeSettings object
    public SnakeSettings getSettings() {
        return new SnakeSettings(width, height, speed);
    }

    public int getWidth() {
        return width;
    }

    public int getHeight() {
        return height;
    }

    public Speed getSpeed() {
        return speed;
    }

    // @author Sends out the word to start a new game.
    public class PlayListener implements ActionListener {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            quit = false;
            play = true;
            width = Integer.parseInt(wField.getText());
            height = Integer.parseInt(hField.getText());
            speed = (Speed) sField.getSelectedItem();
        }
    }

    // @author Sends out the word to shut down the program.
    public class QuitListener implements ActionListener {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            quit = true;
            play = false;
        }       
    }
}

让这成为一个教训,说明为什么您应该避免将模型(您的应用程序的数据)与视图(它的显示方式)混合。您的 SnakeSettingsPanel 目前是两者。

  • 作为模型,它包含3个重要字段:widthheightspeed
  • 作为View,它是一个完整的JPanel。 JPanel 有 lot 个字段,您应该避免直接接触这些字段。包括 widthheight,通常通过 getHeightgetWidth 访问——您正在用始终 return 相同的版本覆盖 built-in 值 20 和 15(直到用户通过他们看不到的 UI 更改这些值)。

fast 修复是重命名您当前的 getWidth()getHeight() 以避免与 built-in getWidth()getHeight() parent JPanel class 的方法。称它们为 getMyWidth()getMyHeight(),突然一切正常。

更好 修复是完全删除这些字段和方法,并将您自己的模型属性存储在 SnakeSettings 属性中。当用户点击播放时更新它,并在通过 getSettings() 请求时 return 它。更少的代码,更少的意外名称与您的 parent JPanel class 冲突的可能性。这看起来像:

    // SnakeSettingsPanel, before
    public int width = 20;
    public int height = 15;
    public Speed speed = Speed.SLOW;

    public int getWidth() {    // <-- clashes with superclass
        return width;
    }
    public int getHeight() {   // <-- clashes with superclass
        return height;
    }
    public Speed getSpeed() {
        return speed;
    }
    public SnakeSettings getSettings() {
        return new SnakeSettings(width, height, speed);
    }

    // SnakeSettingsPanel, after
    SnakeSettings settings = new SnakeSettings();

    public SnakeSettings getSettings() {
        return settings;
    }