将派生 class unique_ptr 的所有权转移到其抽象基础 class unique_ptr

Transfer ownership of a derived class unique_ptr to its abstract base class unique_ptr

我想在多态情况下将派生 class unique_ptr 的所有权转移到其抽象基础 class unique_ptr。怎么走?

class Fruit {
public:
    virtual void print() = 0;
};

class Apple: public Fruit {
public:
    string name;
    virtual  void print()  { cout << " Apple name is " << name << endl; }
    Apple(string name): name(name) {}
};


int main()
{
    unique_ptr<Apple> apple = make_unique<Apple>("Rose");
    unique_ptr<Fruit> fruit = dynamic_cast<unique_ptr<Fruit>>(apple); // don't work
    // want to transfer ownership of apple to fruit

    unique_ptr<Apple> new_apple = dynamic_cast<unique_ptr<Apple>>(fruit); // get back the ownership to the new apple
    return 0;
}

尝试移动分配

int main()
{
    unique_ptr<Apple> apple = make_unique<Apple>("Rose");
    unique_ptr<Fruit> fruit = std::move(apple);
    fruit->print();
    // want to transfer ownership of apple to fruit
    return 0;
}

要将由派生 class unique_ptr 管理的派生 class 的所有权转移到基础 class unique_ptr,您可以(并且应该)使用移动语义。

    std::unique_ptr<Derived> foo = std::make_unique<Derived>();
    std::unique_ptr<Base> bar = std::move(foo);

为了 return 派生 unique_ptr 的所有权,您需要弄得更乱一些:

    std::unique_ptr<Derived> foo = std::make_unique<Derived>();
    std::unique_ptr<Base> bar = std::move(foo);

    std::unique_ptr<Derived> biz(static_cast<Derived*>(bar.release()));

如果您不确定指针的实际类型,则可以使用动态转换来检查它是否正确。请注意,我们在条件语句中使用 std::unique_ptr<Base>::get(),因为我们不确定是否要释放所有权。如果通过,那么我们可以调用 std::unique_ptr<Base>::release().

    std::unique_ptr<Derived> foo = std::make_unique<Derived>();
    std::unique_ptr<Base> bar = std::move(foo);

    // dynamic cast if we're unsure that it is castable
    if (dynamic_cast<Derived*>(bar.get())) {
        foo.reset(static_cast<Derived*>(bar.release()));
    }

see it in action