URL 在 Nginx 中重写

Question

我希望 URL 重写后看起来干净漂亮。我在使用 Apache 时能够做到这一点，但我在服务器上安装了 Nginx。所以我不使用 .htaccess.

在使用 Apache 时，我是这样使用它的：

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c> 
    SetEnv HTTP_MOD_REWRITE On
    RewriteEngine on 
    RewriteBase / 
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !\.php$ [NC] 
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} [^/]$ 
    RewriteRule ^(.*)$ .php [L] 
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d [OR] 
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f [OR] 
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -l
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !.(css|gif|ico|jpg|js|png|swf|txt)$ 
    RewriteRule ^ - [L] 
     RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/([^/]+)?$ index.php?cmd=&scd= [L,QSA] 
    RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/?$ index.php?cmd= [L,QSA]
</IfModule>

示例 URL 如下所示：

https://example.com/item/1234/bund123

没有mod_rewrite:

https://example.com/index.php?item?id=1234&unt=bund123

我尝试在 Nginx 上执行此操作，但出现 404 错误。这可能是什么原因？

server {

    listen *:80;
        listen [::]:80;
        listen *:443 ssl http2;
        server_name example.com www.example.com;
        root   /var/www/example.com/web/;

        rewrite ^([^/]+)/([^/]+)?$ /index.php?cmd=&scd= last;
        rewrite ^([^/]+)?$ /index.php?cmd= last;
 
    ....
}

我哪里做错了？

Answer 1

关于404错误的详细信息可以在Nginx错误日志中找到。据推测，index.php不存在。

可以使用 redirect 和 Curl 快速测试重写规则：

# /item/cmd/scd
rewrite ^/item/([^/]+)/([^/]+) /index.php?cmd=&scd= redirect;

# /item/cmd
rewrite ^/item/([^/]+)         /index.php?cmd=        redirect;

$ curl -I https://example.com/item/CMD/SCD
HTTP/1.1 302 Moved Temporarily
Location: https://example.com/index.php?cmd=CMD&scd=SCD

$ curl -I https://example.com/item/CMD
HTTP/1.1 302 Moved Temporarily
Location: https://example.com/index.php?cmd=CMD

当重写工作正常时，将 redirect 更改为 break:

rewrite ^/item/([^/]+)/([^/]+) /index.php?cmd=&scd= break;
rewrite ^/item/([^/]+)         /index.php?cmd=        break;

URL 在 Nginx 中重写

URL with Rewrite in Nginx

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mod-rewrite

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url-rewriting