我如何用给定的假设证明排中律 (forall P Q : Prop, (P -> Q) -> (~P \/ Q))?

How can I prove excluded middle with the given hypothesis (forall P Q : Prop, (P -> Q) -> (~P \/ Q))?

我目前对如何证明以下定理感到困惑:

Theorem excluded_middle2 : 
 (forall P Q : Prop, (P -> Q) -> (~P \/ Q)) -> (forall P, P \/ ~P).

我被困在这里:

Theorem excluded_middle2 : 
  (forall P Q : Prop, (P -> Q) -> (~P \/ Q)) -> (forall P, P \/ ~P).
Proof.
  intros.
  evar (Q : Prop).
  specialize H with (P : Prop) (Q : Prop).

我知道在coq中简单证明排中律是不可能的,但是我很想知道用这个给定的定理是否可以证明排中律?

是的,你可以。一种方法,使用 ssreflect,如下(可能有更短的方法):

Lemma orC P Q : P \/ Q -> Q \/ P.
Proof. by case; [right | left]. Qed.

Theorem excluded_middle2 : 
 (forall P Q : Prop, (P -> Q) -> (~ P \/ Q)) -> (forall P, P \/ ~ P).
Proof.
move=> orasimply P.
have pp : P -> P by [].
move: (orasimply P P pp).
exact: orC.
Qed.