如何使用 ipywidgets 创建动态依赖下拉菜单?
How to create a dynamic dependent dropdown menu using ipywidgets?
我创建了一个带有两个下拉菜单的表单:
我的目标是使一个下拉菜单依赖于另一个下拉菜单。
This picture illustrates my goal and the current situation.
下面的示例代码可以在 Google Colab 或 Jupyter notebook 中 运行 复制当前情况。
#@title
import ipywidgets as widgets
from ipywidgets import HBox, Label
from ipywidgets import Layout, Button, Box, FloatText, Textarea, Dropdown, Label, IntSlider
import time
import pandas as pd
#Create DF
df = df = pd.DataFrame(columns = ['Dropdown_column', 'Float_column'])
df
# Layout
form_item_layout = Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='row',
justify_content='space-between',
)
button_item_layout = Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='row',
justify_content='center',
padding = '5%'
)
# Independent dropdown item
drop_down_input = 'Dropdown_input_1'
drop_down = widgets.Dropdown(options=('Dropdown_input_1', 'Dropdown_input_2'))
def dropdown_handler(change):
global drop_down_input
print('\r','Dropdown: ' + str(change.new),end='')
drop_down_input = change.new
drop_down.observe(dropdown_handler, names='value')
# Dependent drop down
# Dependent drop down elements
dependent_drop_down_elements = {}
dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1'] = ['A', 'B']
dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_2'] = ['C', 'D', 'E']
# Define dependent drop down
dependent_drop_down = widgets.Dropdown(options=(dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1']))
def dropdown_handler(change):
global drop_down_input
print('\r','Dropdown: ' + str(change.new),end='')
drop_down_input = change.new
drop_down.observe(dropdown_handler, names='value')
# Button
button = widgets.Button(description='Add row to dataframe')
out = widgets.Output()
def on_button_clicked(b):
global df
button.description = 'Row added'
time.sleep(1)
with out:
new_row = {'Dropdown_column': drop_down_input, 'Float_column': float_input}
df = df.append(new_row, ignore_index=True)
button.description = 'Add row to dataframe'
out.clear_output()
display(df)
button.on_click(on_button_clicked)
# Form items
form_items = [
Box([Label(value='Independent dropdown'),
drop_down], layout=form_item_layout),
Box([Label(value='Dependent dropdown'),
dependent_drop_down], layout=form_item_layout)
]
form = Box(form_items, layout=Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='column',
border='solid 1px',
align_items='stretch',
width='30%',
padding = '1%'
))
display(form)
display(out)
这可能吗?如果是这样,你能解释一下吗?
您可以通过在 dropdown_handler
函数中设置 if
语句来检查独立下拉列表中选择的值是 Dropdown_input_1
还是 Dropdown_input2
。仍然在 dropdown_handler
中,然后您可以相应地将 options
参数修改为 dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1']
或 dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_2']
.
查看下面的代码:
import ipywidgets as widgets
from ipywidgets import HBox, Label
from ipywidgets import Layout, Button, Box, FloatText, Textarea, Dropdown, Label, IntSlider
import time
import pandas as pd
#Create DF
df = df = pd.DataFrame(columns = ['Dropdown_column', 'Float_column'])
df
# Layout
form_item_layout = Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='row',
justify_content='space-between',
)
button_item_layout = Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='row',
justify_content='center',
padding = '5%'
)
# Independent dropdown item
drop_down_input = 'Dropdown_input_1'
drop_down = widgets.Dropdown(options=('Dropdown_input_1', 'Dropdown_input_2'))
# Dependent drop down
# Dependent drop down elements
dependent_drop_down_elements = {}
dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1'] = ['A', 'B']
dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_2'] = ['C', 'D', 'E']
# Define dependent drop down
dependent_drop_down = widgets.Dropdown(options=(dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1']))
def dropdown_handler(change):
global drop_down_input
print('\r','Dropdown: ' + str(change.new),end='')
drop_down_input = change.new
#If statement checking on dropdown value and changing options of the dependent dropdown accordingly
if change.new=='Dropdown_input_2':
dependent_drop_down.options=dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_2']
elif change.new=='Dropdown_input_1':
dependent_drop_down.options=dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1']
drop_down.observe(dropdown_handler, names='value')
# Button
button = widgets.Button(description='Add row to dataframe')
out = widgets.Output()
def on_button_clicked(b):
global df
button.description = 'Row added'
time.sleep(1)
with out:
new_row = {'Dropdown_column': drop_down_input, 'Float_column': float_input}
df = df.append(new_row, ignore_index=True)
button.description = 'Add row to dataframe'
out.clear_output()
display(df)
button.on_click(on_button_clicked)
# Form items
form_items = [
Box([Label(value='Independent dropdown'),
drop_down], layout=form_item_layout),
Box([Label(value='Dependent dropdown'),
dependent_drop_down], layout=form_item_layout)
]
form = Box(form_items, layout=Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='column',
border='solid 1px',
align_items='stretch',
width='30%',
padding = '1%'
))
display(form)
display(out)
例如,当您在第一个小部件上选择 Dropdown_input_2
时,输出如下所示:
我创建了一个带有两个下拉菜单的表单:
我的目标是使一个下拉菜单依赖于另一个下拉菜单。
This picture illustrates my goal and the current situation.
下面的示例代码可以在 Google Colab 或 Jupyter notebook 中 运行 复制当前情况。
#@title
import ipywidgets as widgets
from ipywidgets import HBox, Label
from ipywidgets import Layout, Button, Box, FloatText, Textarea, Dropdown, Label, IntSlider
import time
import pandas as pd
#Create DF
df = df = pd.DataFrame(columns = ['Dropdown_column', 'Float_column'])
df
# Layout
form_item_layout = Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='row',
justify_content='space-between',
)
button_item_layout = Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='row',
justify_content='center',
padding = '5%'
)
# Independent dropdown item
drop_down_input = 'Dropdown_input_1'
drop_down = widgets.Dropdown(options=('Dropdown_input_1', 'Dropdown_input_2'))
def dropdown_handler(change):
global drop_down_input
print('\r','Dropdown: ' + str(change.new),end='')
drop_down_input = change.new
drop_down.observe(dropdown_handler, names='value')
# Dependent drop down
# Dependent drop down elements
dependent_drop_down_elements = {}
dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1'] = ['A', 'B']
dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_2'] = ['C', 'D', 'E']
# Define dependent drop down
dependent_drop_down = widgets.Dropdown(options=(dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1']))
def dropdown_handler(change):
global drop_down_input
print('\r','Dropdown: ' + str(change.new),end='')
drop_down_input = change.new
drop_down.observe(dropdown_handler, names='value')
# Button
button = widgets.Button(description='Add row to dataframe')
out = widgets.Output()
def on_button_clicked(b):
global df
button.description = 'Row added'
time.sleep(1)
with out:
new_row = {'Dropdown_column': drop_down_input, 'Float_column': float_input}
df = df.append(new_row, ignore_index=True)
button.description = 'Add row to dataframe'
out.clear_output()
display(df)
button.on_click(on_button_clicked)
# Form items
form_items = [
Box([Label(value='Independent dropdown'),
drop_down], layout=form_item_layout),
Box([Label(value='Dependent dropdown'),
dependent_drop_down], layout=form_item_layout)
]
form = Box(form_items, layout=Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='column',
border='solid 1px',
align_items='stretch',
width='30%',
padding = '1%'
))
display(form)
display(out)
这可能吗?如果是这样,你能解释一下吗?
您可以通过在 dropdown_handler
函数中设置 if
语句来检查独立下拉列表中选择的值是 Dropdown_input_1
还是 Dropdown_input2
。仍然在 dropdown_handler
中,然后您可以相应地将 options
参数修改为 dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1']
或 dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_2']
.
查看下面的代码:
import ipywidgets as widgets
from ipywidgets import HBox, Label
from ipywidgets import Layout, Button, Box, FloatText, Textarea, Dropdown, Label, IntSlider
import time
import pandas as pd
#Create DF
df = df = pd.DataFrame(columns = ['Dropdown_column', 'Float_column'])
df
# Layout
form_item_layout = Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='row',
justify_content='space-between',
)
button_item_layout = Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='row',
justify_content='center',
padding = '5%'
)
# Independent dropdown item
drop_down_input = 'Dropdown_input_1'
drop_down = widgets.Dropdown(options=('Dropdown_input_1', 'Dropdown_input_2'))
# Dependent drop down
# Dependent drop down elements
dependent_drop_down_elements = {}
dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1'] = ['A', 'B']
dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_2'] = ['C', 'D', 'E']
# Define dependent drop down
dependent_drop_down = widgets.Dropdown(options=(dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1']))
def dropdown_handler(change):
global drop_down_input
print('\r','Dropdown: ' + str(change.new),end='')
drop_down_input = change.new
#If statement checking on dropdown value and changing options of the dependent dropdown accordingly
if change.new=='Dropdown_input_2':
dependent_drop_down.options=dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_2']
elif change.new=='Dropdown_input_1':
dependent_drop_down.options=dependent_drop_down_elements['Dropdown_input_1']
drop_down.observe(dropdown_handler, names='value')
# Button
button = widgets.Button(description='Add row to dataframe')
out = widgets.Output()
def on_button_clicked(b):
global df
button.description = 'Row added'
time.sleep(1)
with out:
new_row = {'Dropdown_column': drop_down_input, 'Float_column': float_input}
df = df.append(new_row, ignore_index=True)
button.description = 'Add row to dataframe'
out.clear_output()
display(df)
button.on_click(on_button_clicked)
# Form items
form_items = [
Box([Label(value='Independent dropdown'),
drop_down], layout=form_item_layout),
Box([Label(value='Dependent dropdown'),
dependent_drop_down], layout=form_item_layout)
]
form = Box(form_items, layout=Layout(
display='flex',
flex_flow='column',
border='solid 1px',
align_items='stretch',
width='30%',
padding = '1%'
))
display(form)
display(out)
例如,当您在第一个小部件上选择 Dropdown_input_2
时,输出如下所示: