Python 和 Selenium：在 iframe 中定位并单击 cookie 按钮

Question

任何人都有解决方案，可以在带有重叠弹出窗口的网页中找到按钮 window，如下例所示：

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=r'./geckodriver')
driver.get("https://www.academics.de/")
#after waiting for a while the popup window comes up
driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//*[contains(text(), 'Zustimmen')]")

返回的列表为空。 运行以下

driver.find_element_by_css_selector(".button-accept")

结果：

NoSuchElementException: Message: Unable to locate element: .button-accept

Answer 1

文本为电子邮件登录的元素在内，因此您必须：

• 诱导 WebDriverWait 所需的 帧可用并切换到它.

• 诱导 所需的 元素可点击.

• 您可以使用以下任一项:

  • 使用CSS_SELECTOR:

    driver.get("https://www.academics.de/")
    WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it((By.CSS_SELECTOR,"iframe[title='SP Consent Message']")))
    WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[title='Zustimmen']"))).click()
    

  • 使用XPATH:

    driver.get("https://www.academics.de/")
    WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it((By.XPATH,"//iframe[@title='SP Consent Message']")))
    WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//button[@title='Zustimmen']"))).click()
    

• 注意：您必须添加以下导入：

   from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
   from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
   from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
  

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参考

您可以在以下位置找到一些相关讨论：

• Switch to an iframe through Selenium and python

Answer 2

您的问题的一个简单解决方法是使用 uBlock Origin extension + Fanboy's Annoyances blocklist on your Selenium instance so that these annoying cookies messages would outright never appear. A way of enabling extensions is described in this Whosebug answer:

1. Create a new firefox profile via right click windows start button > run > firefox.exe -P
2. Then add whatever extensions you want, ublock, adblock plus etc
3. Call your profile folder with

profile = selenium.webdriver.FirefoxProfile("C:/test")

browser = selenium.webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile, options=ops)