伪代码 -> C++，有什么技巧吗？

Question

所以我得到了这个伪代码，但我不明白它的意思。我们必须制作一个递归回溯随机迷宫生成器。有人可以解释一下吗？

Answer 1

你从迷宫中的某种细胞开始。此外，如果您还没有访问过它，您会立即从它移动到所有相邻的单元格并从头开始。即首先你在一个单元格中，然后例如在三个单元格中。因为，实际上递归调用是顺序执行的，所以看起来旅行者是依次进入这些路径的。

async function findPath(from, to){ 
  /* 1 */ visited[from.y][from.x]=true;

          drawMaze()
          await sleep(150)

  /* 2 */ if (from.x === to.x && from.y === to.y) return true;
  /* 3 */ let neighbours = getNeighbours(from.x, from.y);
  /* 4 */ for (let n in neighbours) {
      /* 1 */   if (visited[neighbours[n].y][neighbours[n].x] === 0){
            /* 1 */ if (await findPath(neighbours[n], to)) return true  
                } 
          }
  /* 5 */ visited[from.y][from.x] = false;
  /* 6 */ return false; 
}

const maze = [
  [0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],
  [0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,1],
  [1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,1],
  [1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1],
  [1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1],
  [1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1],
  [1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1],
  [1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1],
  [1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,1],
  [1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1],
  [1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1],
  [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0]]

const visited = [
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
  [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]]

const c = document.querySelector("canvas");
const h2 = document.querySelector("h2");
const ctx = c.getContext("2d");
const f = {x: 0, y: 0 }  // from (red)
const t = {x: 11, y: 11} // to (green)
const CANVAS_SIZE = 120;
const sz = CANVAS_SIZE / maze.length; 

function drawMaze() {
  for (let y = 0; y < maze.length; y++ ){
    for (let x = 0; x < maze[0].length; x++ ){
          ctx.fillStyle = maze[y][x] === 0 ? "white": "black";  
          ctx.fillRect(x * sz, y * sz, sz, sz);
          if (visited[y][x]){
            ctx.fillStyle = "lightblue"
            ctx.fillRect(x * sz, y * sz, sz, sz);
          } 
      }
   }
   // draw start point
   ctx.fillStyle = "red" 
   ctx.fillRect(f.x * sz, f.y * sz, sz, sz);
   // draw finish point
   ctx.fillStyle = "green"
   ctx.fillRect(t.x * sz, t.y * sz, sz, sz);
} 

function isValidStep({x, y}){
  if (x < 0 
    || x >= maze[0].length 
    || y < 0 
    || y >= maze.length
  ) return false
  return true  
}

function getNeighbours(x, y){
  let neighbours = {}
  if (isValidStep({x: x - 1, y}) 
    && maze[y][x - 1] === 0) {
    neighbours.left = { x: x - 1, y}
  }  
  if (isValidStep({x, y: y - 1}) 
    && maze[y - 1][x] === 0) {
    neighbours.top ={x, y: y - 1}
  }  
  if (isValidStep({x: x + 1, y}) 
    && maze[y][x + 1] === 0) {
    neighbours.right = {x: x + 1, y }
  }  
  if (isValidStep({x, y: y + 1}) 
    && maze[y + 1][x] === 0) {
    neighbours.bottom = {x, y: y + 1}
  }  
  return neighbours
}

function sleep(ms) {
  return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
}

async function test(){
  h2.textContent="?"
  const result = await findPath(f, t) ? "TRUE" : "FALSE"
  h2.textContent=result
}

test();

<html>
  <head>
    <title></title>
    <meta content="">
    <style>
       canvas {
         border: 1px solid black;
         height: 120px;
         width:  120px;
       }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <canvas height="120" width="120"></canvas>
    <h2></h2>
  </body>
</html>

你的任务是生成算法并以这种方式检查。

伪代码 -> C++，有什么技巧吗？

Pseudocode -> C++, any tips?

pseudocode