T-SQL :: 截断或删除架构中的所有表
T-SQL :: TRUNCATE or DELETE all tables in schema
我需要 TRUNCATE 或 DELETE 架构中的所有表。
我找到了 this code:
-- disable all constraints
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable @command1='ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT all',@whereand='and Schema_Id=Schema_id(''Person'')'
-- delete data in all tables
Exec Sp_msforeachtable @command1='Truncate Table ?',@whereand='and Schema_Id=Schema_id(''Person'')'
-- enable all constraints
exec sp_MSForEachTable @command1='ALTER TABLE ? WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT all',@whereand='and Schema_Id=Schema_id(''Person'')'
-- if some of the tables have identity columns we may want to reseed them
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable @command1='DBCC CHECKIDENT ( ''?'', RESEED, 0)',@whereand='and Schema_Id=Schema_id(''Person'')'
但是在 AdventureWorks 上它给了我：
Cannot truncate table 'Person.Address' because it is being referenced by a FOREIGN KEY constraint.
所以我找到了this alternative code:
DECLARE @STRSQL NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE @TABLE NVARCHAR(128);
DECLARE @SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(50)
SET @SCHEMA_NAME = 'Person'
SET @STRSQL = '';
DECLARE @C1 CURSOR SET @C1 = CURSOR
FOR
SELECT TOP 2 TABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + TABLE_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = @SCHEMA_NAME
OPEN @C1
FETCH NEXT
FROM @C1
INTO @TABLE
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT @TABLE
SET @STRSQL = @STRSQL + 'DELETE FROM ' + @TABLE + ';'
FETCH NEXT
FROM @C1
INTO @TABLE
END
CLOSE @C1
DEALLOCATE @C1
PRINT @STRSQL
EXEC sp_executesql @STRSQL
但是结果是一样的：
Person.Address
Person.AddressType
DELETE FROM Person.Address;DELETE FROM Person.AddressType;
Msg 547, Level 16, State 0, Line 1
The DELETE statement conflicted with the REFERENCE constraint "FK_BusinessEntityAddress_Address_AddressID". The conflict occurred in database "AdventureWorks2014", table "Person.BusinessEntityAddress", column 'AddressID'.
The statement has been terminated.
Msg 547, Level 16, State 0, Line 1
The DELETE statement conflicted with the REFERENCE constraint "FK_BusinessEntityAddress_AddressType_AddressTypeID". The conflict occurred in database "AdventureWorks2014", table "Person.BusinessEntityAddress", column 'AddressTypeID'.
The statement has been terminated.
如何 TRUNCATE 或 DELETE 架构中的所有表？
您只需要在开头用“删除所有外键”脚本包装“从所有 tables 中删除”脚本，最后用“重新创建所有外键”脚本包装.我在这里展示了一种方法：
但是，我认为，与花费所有时间和精力一次从一个 table 中删除数据相比，只编写数据库和源代码管理中的空对象的脚本要干净得多。
无论如何尝试你正在做的事情（如果你截断你也不需要检查身份，我不确定我是否会使用像 sp_msforeachtable 这样的未记录和不受支持的程序，而且我也stay the heck away from INFORMATION_SCHEMA)。请在测试数据库上试试这个。
CREATE TABLE #x -- feel free to use a permanent table
(
drop_script nvarchar(max),
create_script nvarchar(max)
);
DECLARE @drop nvarchar(max) = N'',
@create nvarchar(max) = N'';
-- drop is easy, just build a simple concatenated list from sys.foreign_keys:
SELECT @drop += N'
ALTER TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(cs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(ct.name)
+ ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(fk.name) + ';'
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS fk
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS ct
ON fk.parent_object_id = ct.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS cs
ON ct.[schema_id] = cs.[schema_id];
INSERT #x(drop_script) SELECT @drop;
-- create is a little more complex. We need to generate the list of
-- columns on both sides of the constraint, even though in most cases
-- there is only one column.
SELECT @create += N'
ALTER TABLE '
+ QUOTENAME(cs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(ct.name)
+ ' ADD CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(fk.name)
+ ' FOREIGN KEY (' + STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(c.name)
-- get all the columns in the constraint table
FROM sys.columns AS c
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkc
ON fkc.parent_column_id = c.column_id
AND fkc.parent_object_id = c.[object_id]
WHERE fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.[object_id]
ORDER BY fkc.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH(N''), TYPE).value(N'./text()[1]', N'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, N'')
+ ') REFERENCES ' + QUOTENAME(rs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(rt.name)
+ '(' + STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(c.name)
-- get all the referenced columns
FROM sys.columns AS c
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkc
ON fkc.referenced_column_id = c.column_id
AND fkc.referenced_object_id = c.[object_id]
WHERE fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.[object_id]
ORDER BY fkc.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH(N''), TYPE).value(N'./text()[1]', N'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, N'') + ');'
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS fk
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS rt -- referenced table
ON fk.referenced_object_id = rt.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS rs
ON rt.[schema_id] = rs.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS ct -- constraint table
ON fk.parent_object_id = ct.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS cs
ON ct.[schema_id] = cs.[schema_id]
WHERE rt.is_ms_shipped = 0 AND ct.is_ms_shipped = 0;
UPDATE #x SET create_script = @create;
PRINT @drop;
PRINT @create;
EXEC sys.sp_executesql @drop
-- clear out data etc. here
DECLARE @truncate nvarchar(max) = N'';
SELECT @truncate += N'TRUNCATE TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(s.name)
+ N'.' + QUOTENAME(t.name) + N';'
FROM sys.schemas AS s
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS t
ON s.[schema_id] = t.[schema_id];
EXEC sys.sp_executesql @truncate;
EXEC sys.sp_executesql @create;
备注：
- 这是未经测试的。尽我所能：在测试数据库上试试这个。
- 这意味着只执行一次，所以我没有删除 #temp table（如果事情不顺利，让它保持足够长的时间以进行故障排除可能很有用）
PRINT 不一定会向您显示将要执行的完整命令，因此它不是确定脚本是否正确的有效方法。它只是一个快速的眼球。如果你真的想查看整个命令，你需要 something a little more elaborate.- 这不处理索引视图，我敢肯定还有其他限制可能会阻止您截断某些 tables（我在考虑时间或始终使用 enclaves 或 in-mem 加密)，但我会单独解决这些问题并保持截断，而不是通过使用更多日志密集型删除来“修复”它。
谢谢@AaronBertrand，我分叉了你很棒的查询以创建一个更适合我需要做的查询：
SELECT cs.name AS SchemaName
,ct.name AS TableName
,rt.name AS ColumnName
,fk.name AS ForeignKeyName
,fk.object_id AS ObjectID
,fk.parent_object_id AS ParentObjectID
,
-- drop constraint
N'
ALTER TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(cs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(ct.name) + ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(fk.name) + ';' AS Drop_Constraint_Script
,
-- create constraint
N'
ALTER TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(cs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(ct.name) + ' ADD CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(fk.name) + ' FOREIGN KEY (' + STUFF((
SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(c.name)
-- get all the columns in the constraint table
FROM sys.columns AS c
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkc ON fkc.parent_column_id = c.column_id
AND fkc.parent_object_id = c.[object_id]
WHERE fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.[object_id]
ORDER BY fkc.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH(N'')
,TYPE
).value(N'.[1]', N'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, N'') + ') REFERENCES ' + QUOTENAME(rs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(rt.name) + '(' + STUFF((
SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(c.name)
-- get all the referenced columns
FROM sys.columns AS c
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkc ON fkc.referenced_column_id = c.column_id
AND fkc.referenced_object_id = c.[object_id]
WHERE fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.[object_id]
ORDER BY fkc.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH(N'')
,TYPE
).value(N'.[1]', N'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, N'') + ');' AS Create_Constraint_Script
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS fk
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS rt -- referenced table
ON fk.referenced_object_id = rt.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS rs ON rt.[schema_id] = rs.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS ct -- constraint table
ON fk.parent_object_id = ct.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS cs ON ct.[schema_id] = cs.[schema_id]
WHERE rt.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND ct.is_ms_shipped = 0
ORDER BY 1
,2
,3
我需要 TRUNCATE 或 DELETE 架构中的所有表。
我找到了 this code:
-- disable all constraints
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable @command1='ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT all',@whereand='and Schema_Id=Schema_id(''Person'')'
-- delete data in all tables
Exec Sp_msforeachtable @command1='Truncate Table ?',@whereand='and Schema_Id=Schema_id(''Person'')'
-- enable all constraints
exec sp_MSForEachTable @command1='ALTER TABLE ? WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT all',@whereand='and Schema_Id=Schema_id(''Person'')'
-- if some of the tables have identity columns we may want to reseed them
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable @command1='DBCC CHECKIDENT ( ''?'', RESEED, 0)',@whereand='and Schema_Id=Schema_id(''Person'')'
但是在 AdventureWorks 上它给了我：
Cannot truncate table 'Person.Address' because it is being referenced by a FOREIGN KEY constraint.
所以我找到了this alternative code:
DECLARE @STRSQL NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE @TABLE NVARCHAR(128);
DECLARE @SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(50)
SET @SCHEMA_NAME = 'Person'
SET @STRSQL = '';
DECLARE @C1 CURSOR SET @C1 = CURSOR
FOR
SELECT TOP 2 TABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + TABLE_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = @SCHEMA_NAME
OPEN @C1
FETCH NEXT
FROM @C1
INTO @TABLE
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT @TABLE
SET @STRSQL = @STRSQL + 'DELETE FROM ' + @TABLE + ';'
FETCH NEXT
FROM @C1
INTO @TABLE
END
CLOSE @C1
DEALLOCATE @C1
PRINT @STRSQL
EXEC sp_executesql @STRSQL
但是结果是一样的：
Person.Address
Person.AddressType
DELETE FROM Person.Address;DELETE FROM Person.AddressType;
Msg 547, Level 16, State 0, Line 1
The DELETE statement conflicted with the REFERENCE constraint "FK_BusinessEntityAddress_Address_AddressID". The conflict occurred in database "AdventureWorks2014", table "Person.BusinessEntityAddress", column 'AddressID'.
The statement has been terminated.
Msg 547, Level 16, State 0, Line 1
The DELETE statement conflicted with the REFERENCE constraint "FK_BusinessEntityAddress_AddressType_AddressTypeID". The conflict occurred in database "AdventureWorks2014", table "Person.BusinessEntityAddress", column 'AddressTypeID'.
The statement has been terminated.
如何 TRUNCATE 或 DELETE 架构中的所有表？
您只需要在开头用“删除所有外键”脚本包装“从所有 tables 中删除”脚本，最后用“重新创建所有外键”脚本包装.我在这里展示了一种方法：
但是，我认为，与花费所有时间和精力一次从一个 table 中删除数据相比，只编写数据库和源代码管理中的空对象的脚本要干净得多。
无论如何尝试你正在做的事情（如果你截断你也不需要检查身份，我不确定我是否会使用像 sp_msforeachtable 这样的未记录和不受支持的程序，而且我也stay the heck away from INFORMATION_SCHEMA)。请在测试数据库上试试这个。
CREATE TABLE #x -- feel free to use a permanent table
(
drop_script nvarchar(max),
create_script nvarchar(max)
);
DECLARE @drop nvarchar(max) = N'',
@create nvarchar(max) = N'';
-- drop is easy, just build a simple concatenated list from sys.foreign_keys:
SELECT @drop += N'
ALTER TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(cs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(ct.name)
+ ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(fk.name) + ';'
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS fk
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS ct
ON fk.parent_object_id = ct.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS cs
ON ct.[schema_id] = cs.[schema_id];
INSERT #x(drop_script) SELECT @drop;
-- create is a little more complex. We need to generate the list of
-- columns on both sides of the constraint, even though in most cases
-- there is only one column.
SELECT @create += N'
ALTER TABLE '
+ QUOTENAME(cs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(ct.name)
+ ' ADD CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(fk.name)
+ ' FOREIGN KEY (' + STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(c.name)
-- get all the columns in the constraint table
FROM sys.columns AS c
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkc
ON fkc.parent_column_id = c.column_id
AND fkc.parent_object_id = c.[object_id]
WHERE fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.[object_id]
ORDER BY fkc.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH(N''), TYPE).value(N'./text()[1]', N'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, N'')
+ ') REFERENCES ' + QUOTENAME(rs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(rt.name)
+ '(' + STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(c.name)
-- get all the referenced columns
FROM sys.columns AS c
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkc
ON fkc.referenced_column_id = c.column_id
AND fkc.referenced_object_id = c.[object_id]
WHERE fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.[object_id]
ORDER BY fkc.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH(N''), TYPE).value(N'./text()[1]', N'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, N'') + ');'
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS fk
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS rt -- referenced table
ON fk.referenced_object_id = rt.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS rs
ON rt.[schema_id] = rs.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS ct -- constraint table
ON fk.parent_object_id = ct.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS cs
ON ct.[schema_id] = cs.[schema_id]
WHERE rt.is_ms_shipped = 0 AND ct.is_ms_shipped = 0;
UPDATE #x SET create_script = @create;
PRINT @drop;
PRINT @create;
EXEC sys.sp_executesql @drop
-- clear out data etc. here
DECLARE @truncate nvarchar(max) = N'';
SELECT @truncate += N'TRUNCATE TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(s.name)
+ N'.' + QUOTENAME(t.name) + N';'
FROM sys.schemas AS s
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS t
ON s.[schema_id] = t.[schema_id];
EXEC sys.sp_executesql @truncate;
EXEC sys.sp_executesql @create;
备注：
- 这是未经测试的。尽我所能：在测试数据库上试试这个。
- 这意味着只执行一次，所以我没有删除 #temp table（如果事情不顺利，让它保持足够长的时间以进行故障排除可能很有用）
PRINT不一定会向您显示将要执行的完整命令，因此它不是确定脚本是否正确的有效方法。它只是一个快速的眼球。如果你真的想查看整个命令，你需要 something a little more elaborate.- 这不处理索引视图，我敢肯定还有其他限制可能会阻止您截断某些 tables（我在考虑时间或始终使用 enclaves 或 in-mem 加密)，但我会单独解决这些问题并保持截断，而不是通过使用更多日志密集型删除来“修复”它。
谢谢@AaronBertrand，我分叉了你很棒的查询以创建一个更适合我需要做的查询：
SELECT cs.name AS SchemaName
,ct.name AS TableName
,rt.name AS ColumnName
,fk.name AS ForeignKeyName
,fk.object_id AS ObjectID
,fk.parent_object_id AS ParentObjectID
,
-- drop constraint
N'
ALTER TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(cs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(ct.name) + ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(fk.name) + ';' AS Drop_Constraint_Script
,
-- create constraint
N'
ALTER TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(cs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(ct.name) + ' ADD CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(fk.name) + ' FOREIGN KEY (' + STUFF((
SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(c.name)
-- get all the columns in the constraint table
FROM sys.columns AS c
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkc ON fkc.parent_column_id = c.column_id
AND fkc.parent_object_id = c.[object_id]
WHERE fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.[object_id]
ORDER BY fkc.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH(N'')
,TYPE
).value(N'.[1]', N'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, N'') + ') REFERENCES ' + QUOTENAME(rs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(rt.name) + '(' + STUFF((
SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(c.name)
-- get all the referenced columns
FROM sys.columns AS c
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkc ON fkc.referenced_column_id = c.column_id
AND fkc.referenced_object_id = c.[object_id]
WHERE fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.[object_id]
ORDER BY fkc.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH(N'')
,TYPE
).value(N'.[1]', N'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, N'') + ');' AS Create_Constraint_Script
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS fk
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS rt -- referenced table
ON fk.referenced_object_id = rt.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS rs ON rt.[schema_id] = rs.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS ct -- constraint table
ON fk.parent_object_id = ct.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS cs ON ct.[schema_id] = cs.[schema_id]
WHERE rt.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND ct.is_ms_shipped = 0
ORDER BY 1
,2
,3