gorm:填充新创建数据的相关字段

gorm: populating related field of newly created data

我有以下相关表格:

type Person struct {
    ID      uint64 `json:"id" gorm:"primary_key;auto_increment"`
    Name    string `json:"name"`
    Surname string `json:"surname"`
}

type Book struct {
    ID        uint64    `json:"id" gorm:"primary_key;auto_increment"`
    Title     string    `json:"title" binding:"required,min=2,max=100" gorm:"type:varchar(100)"`
    Author    Person    `json:"author" binding:"required" gorm:"foreignkey:AuthorID"` // * here
    AuthorID  uint64    `json:"-"`                                                    // * here
    WrittenIn string    `json:"written_in" gorm:"type:varchar(5)"`
    CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at" gorm:"default:CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"`
    UpdatedAt time.Time `json:"updated_at" gorm:"default:CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"`
}

我可以通过 gormCreate() 方法使用此函数成功创建数据:

func CreateBook(ctx *gin.Context) {
    // validating input
    var inputData CreateBookInput

    if err := ctx.ShouldBindJSON(&inputData); err != nil {
        ctx.JSON(401, gin.H{"status": "fail", "error": err.Error()})
    }

    // create book
    book := models.Book{Title: inputData.Title, AuthorID: inputData.AuthorID, WrittenIn: inputData.WrittenIn}

    database.DB.Create(&book).Preload("Author")
    // database.DB.Preload("Author").Create(&book)
    // database.DB.Set("gorm:auto_preload", true).Create(&book)
    
    ctx.JSON(201, gin.H{"status": "success", "book": book})
}

我想 return 新创建的书及其作者。预期响应:

"book": {
    "id": 10,
    "title": "Chinor ostidagi duel",
    "author": {
        "id": 3,
        "name": "John",
        "surname": "Smith"
    },
    "written_in": "1983",
    "created_at": "2022-01-07T17:07:50.84473824+05:00",
    "updated_at": "2022-01-07T17:07:50.84473824+05:00"
}

但我找不到填充相关 'author' 的方法。所以我得到的是:

"book": {
    "id": 10,
    "title": "Chinor ostidagi duel",
    "author": {
        "id": 0,       // empty
        "name": "",    // empty
        "surname": ""  // empty
    },
    "written_in": "1983",
    "created_at": "2022-01-07T17:07:50.84473824+05:00",
    "updated_at": "2022-01-07T17:07:50.84473824+05:00"
}

我试过这些方法都没有成功:

database.DB.Create(&book).Preload("Author")
database.DB.Preload("Author").Create(&book)
database.DB.Set("gorm:auto_preload", true).Create(&book)
database.DB.Create(&book).Set("gorm:auto_preload", true)

如何填充新创建数据的相关字段?

您可以尝试的一种可能的解决方案是使用 AfterCreate 挂钩。

func (b *Book) AfterCreate(tx *gorm.DB) (err error) {
    return tx.Model(b).Preload("Author").Error
}

您可以找到有关挂钩的更多信息here

Preload是chain方法,Create是finisher方法。只有 finisher 方法会生成并执行 SQL.

所以...

1 创建书后按id查找作者

if err ;= database.DB.Create(&book).Error; err != nil {
  return err
}

// will not throw not found error
database.DB.Limit(1).Find(&book.Author, book.AuthorID)

ctx.JSON(201, gin.H{"status": "success", "book": book})

2 每次加载作者数据,使用hook

// create and update
// func (b *Book) AfterSave(tx *gorm.DB) (err error) {
// just create
func (b *Book) AfterCreate(tx *gorm.DB) (err error) {
  // handle error if you want
  tx.Limit(1).Find(&b.Author, b.AuthorID)
  return
}