如何在具有多个帐户的 Solana 程序中引用特定帐户？

Question

这个程序允许用户创建一个账户来收钱。因此 'Alice' 可以创建帐户 Fundraiser。在 Fundraiser 中，有一个特定的变量 amount_raised 可以跟踪向她的帐户发送了多少 SOL。该程序允许多人创建新的筹款活动。那么，如何在函数 'donate' 中引用正确的帐户？我怀疑我需要使用 PDA 或至少遍历所有程序帐户并将其与创建者的公钥匹配。先感谢您。（Sol 是在客户端发送的，我只是想通过添加数量来跟踪 amount_raised）。

use super::*;

pub fn donate(ctx: Context<Donate>, amount: u32) -> ProgramResult {
    let fundraiser: &mut Account<Fundraiser> = &mut ctx.accounts.fundraiser;
    let user: &Signer = &ctx.accounts.user;
    fundraiser.amount_raised += amount;
    Ok(())
}


pub fn start_fund(ctx: Context<StartFund>, amount: u32, reason: String) -> ProgramResult {
    let fundraiser: &mut Account<Fundraiser> = &mut ctx.accounts.fundraiser;
    let author: &Signer = &ctx.accounts.author;
    let clock: Clock = Clock::get().unwrap();

    if reason.chars().count() > 350 {
        return Err(ErrorCode::ContentTooLong.into())
    }

    fundraiser.author = *author.key;
    fundraiser.amount_to_raise = amount;     
    fundraiser.timestamp = clock.unix_timestamp;
    fundraiser.reason = reason;
    Ok(())
}    

pub struct StartFund<'info> {
#[account(init, payer = author, space = 64 + 64)]
pub fundraiser: Account<'info, Fundraiser>,
#[account(mut)]
pub author: Signer<'info>,
#[account(address = system_program::ID)]
pub system_program: AccountInfo<'info>,
}    

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct Donate<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub fundraiser: Account<'info, Fundraiser>,
    #[account(mut)]
    pub user: Signer<'info>,
    #[account(address = system_program::ID)]
    pub system_program: AccountInfo<'info>,
    }        

#[account]
pub struct Fundraiser { 
 pub author: Pubkey,
 pub amount_to_raise: u32,
 pub amount_raised: u32,
 pub timestamp: i64,
 pub reason: String, //reason
}

} `

Answer 1

你几乎做对了——在你的 Donate 指令中，你还需要传入爱丽丝的 author 账户，这样你就可以从 user 到 author 在 Donate 期间。因此，它看起来像：

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct Donate<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub fundraiser: Account<'info, Fundraiser>,
    #[account(mut)]
    pub user: Signer<'info>,
    #[account(mut)]
    pub author: AccountInfo<'info>,
    #[account(address = system_program::ID)]
    pub system_program: AccountInfo<'info>,
}

并且您必须检查 author 提供的匹配项 fundraiser.author。

如何在具有多个帐户的 Solana 程序中引用特定帐户？

How to reference a specific account in Solana programs with multiple accounts?

anchor

rust

solana