awk BEGIN 将新列插入 .txt 而不覆盖现有文件数据，包括新列 header 并转换为 csv

Question

我有一个这样的文件vols.txt：

LabelID        Mean        StdD         Max         Min       Count     Vol(mm^3)        Extent(Vox)
    0       0.00000     0.00000     0.00000     0.00000    14121856   2973312.714    512   512    54
    1       1.00000     0.00000     1.00000     1.00000        2802       589.952     51    32    31
    2       2.00000     0.00000     2.00000     2.00000         127        26.739     11    14    18
    3       3.00000     0.00000     3.00000     3.00000        2379       500.891     34    21    27
    4       4.00000     0.00000     4.00000     4.00000         462        97.273     29    20    21
    5       5.00000     0.00000     5.00000     5.00000        2913       613.323     45    32     9
    8       8.00000     0.00000     8.00000     8.00000        5235      1102.213     49    31    31
    9       9.00000     0.00000     9.00000     9.00000        4483       943.882     47    43    22
   10      10.00000     0.00000    10.00000    10.00000        2492       524.683     38    27    23
   11      11.00000     0.00000    11.00000    11.00000       11424      2405.288     44    47    24
   12      12.00000     0.00000    12.00000    12.00000        1603       337.507     56    18     9

我想在文件开头添加一个新列以使 vols_id.txt :

subjectID   LabelID        Mean        StdD         Max         Min       Count     Vol(mm^3)        Extent(Vox)
25000           0       0.00000     0.00000     0.00000     0.00000    14121856   2973312.714    512   512    54
25000           1       1.00000     0.00000     1.00000     1.00000        2802       589.952     51    32    31
25000           2       2.00000     0.00000     2.00000     2.00000         127        26.739     11    14    18
25000           3       3.00000     0.00000     3.00000     3.00000        2379       500.891     34    21    27
25000           4       4.00000     0.00000     4.00000     4.00000         462        97.273     29    20    21
25000           5       5.00000     0.00000     5.00000     5.00000        2913       613.323     45    32     9
25000           8       8.00000     0.00000     8.00000     8.00000        5235      1102.213     49    31    31
25000           9       9.00000     0.00000     9.00000     9.00000        4483       943.882     47    43    22
25000          10      10.00000     0.00000    10.00000    10.00000        2492       524.683     38    27    23
25000          11      11.00000     0.00000    11.00000    11.00000       11424      2405.288     44    47    24
25000          12      12.00000     0.00000    12.00000    12.00000        1603       337.507     56    18     9

最后，我想将其转换为带逗号分隔符的 .csv。

我试过了awk 'BEGIN { ORS = " " } {print 25000; for(i=2;i<=NF;++i) print $i}{print "\n"}' vols.txt >> vols_id.txt

但这会覆盖第一列，作为新手，我不确定如何修改以包含 header 以及如何转换为 .csv 文件。任何帮助表示赞赏！

Answer 1

你可以使用这个awk:

awk -v OFS=, '{=; print (NR==1 ? "subjectID":25000), [=10=]}' file

subjectID,LabelID,Mean,StdD,Max,Min,Count,Vol(mm^3),Extent(Vox)
25000,0,0.00000,0.00000,0.00000,0.00000,14121856,2973312.714,512,512,54
25000,1,1.00000,0.00000,1.00000,1.00000,2802,589.952,51,32,31
25000,2,2.00000,0.00000,2.00000,2.00000,127,26.739,11,14,18
25000,3,3.00000,0.00000,3.00000,3.00000,2379,500.891,34,21,27
25000,4,4.00000,0.00000,4.00000,4.00000,462,97.273,29,20,21
25000,5,5.00000,0.00000,5.00000,5.00000,2913,613.323,45,32,9
25000,8,8.00000,0.00000,8.00000,8.00000,5235,1102.213,49,31,31
25000,9,9.00000,0.00000,9.00000,9.00000,4483,943.882,47,43,22
25000,10,10.00000,0.00000,10.00000,10.00000,2492,524.683,38,27,23
25000,11,11.00000,0.00000,11.00000,11.00000,11424,2405.288,44,47,24
25000,12,12.00000,0.00000,12.00000,12.00000,1603,337.507,56,18,9

Answer 2

awk -v OFS="," '{[=10=]=FS[=10=]} NR==1 {="subjectID"} NR!=1 {=2500}1' input_file
subjectID,LabelID,Mean,StdD,Max,Min,Count,Vol(mm^3),Extent(Vox)
2500,0,0.00000,0.00000,0.00000,0.00000,14121856,2973312.714,512,512,54
2500,1,1.00000,0.00000,1.00000,1.00000,2802,589.952,51,32,31
2500,2,2.00000,0.00000,2.00000,2.00000,127,26.739,11,14,18
2500,3,3.00000,0.00000,3.00000,3.00000,2379,500.891,34,21,27
2500,4,4.00000,0.00000,4.00000,4.00000,462,97.273,29,20,21
2500,5,5.00000,0.00000,5.00000,5.00000,2913,613.323,45,32,9
2500,8,8.00000,0.00000,8.00000,8.00000,5235,1102.213,49,31,31
2500,9,9.00000,0.00000,9.00000,9.00000,4483,943.882,47,43,22
2500,10,10.00000,0.00000,10.00000,10.00000,2492,524.683,38,27,23
2500,11,11.00000,0.00000,11.00000,11.00000,11424,2405.288,44,47,24
2500,12,12.00000,0.00000,12.00000,12.00000,1603,337.507,56,18,9

Answer 3

$ awk -v OFS=, '{=(NR==1?"subjectID":25000) OFS }1' file


subjectID,LabelID,Mean,StdD,Max,Min,Count,Vol(mm^3),Extent(Vox)
25000,0,0.00000,0.00000,0.00000,0.00000,14121856,2973312.714,512,512,54
25000,1,1.00000,0.00000,1.00000,1.00000,2802,589.952,51,32,31
25000,2,2.00000,0.00000,2.00000,2.00000,127,26.739,11,14,18
25000,3,3.00000,0.00000,3.00000,3.00000,2379,500.891,34,21,27
25000,4,4.00000,0.00000,4.00000,4.00000,462,97.273,29,20,21

awk BEGIN 将新列插入 .txt 而不覆盖现有文件数据，包括新列 header 并转换为 csv

awk BEGIN insert new column to .txt without overwriting existing file data, include new column header and convert to csv

csv

awk

delimiter

txt