arch x86_64 和 arm64e 可用，但 python3 表示 Mac M1 上的架构不兼容

Question

我正在尝试运行这个野外阅读文本在 Mac M1 上。当我尝试运行此代码时

 python3 make_keras_charnet_model.py

我收到错误


Using Theano backend.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cutils.py", line 305, in <module>
    from cutils_ext.cutils_ext import *  # noqa
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so, 0x0002): tried: '/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'x86_64', need 'arm64e')), '/usr/local/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file), '/usr/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cutils.py", line 316, in <module>
    from cutils_ext.cutils_ext import *  # noqa
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so, 0x0002): tried: '/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'x86_64', need 'arm64e')), '/usr/local/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file), '/usr/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "make_keras_charnet_model.py", line 10, in <module>
    from keras.models import Sequential, model_from_json
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/keras/models.py", line 15, in <module>
    from . import backend as K
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/keras/backend/__init__.py", line 47, in <module>
    from .theano_backend import *
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/keras/backend/theano_backend.py", line 1, in <module>
    import theano
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/__init__.py", line 76, in <module>
    from theano.scan_module import scan, map, reduce, foldl, foldr, clone
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/scan_module/__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    from theano.scan_module import scan_opt
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/scan_module/scan_opt.py", line 59, in <module>
    from theano import tensor, scalar
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/tensor/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
    from theano.tensor.subtensor import *
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/tensor/subtensor.py", line 27, in <module>
    import theano.gof.cutils  # needed to import cutils_ext
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cutils.py", line 319, in <module>
    compile_cutils()
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cutils.py", line 283, in compile_cutils
    cmodule.GCC_compiler.compile_str('cutils_ext', code, location=loc,
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cmodule.py", line 2212, in compile_str
    return dlimport(lib_filename)
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cmodule.py", line 299, in dlimport
    rval = __import__(module_name, {}, {}, [module_name])
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so, 0x0002): tried: '/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'x86_64', need 'arm64e')), '/usr/local/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file), '/usr/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file)

我已经复制了我的终端以使用 Rosetta 打开副本，但我仍然收到错误。

当我运行下面的命令检查我的 M1 上可用的架构时 Mac

file /bin/bash

我得到这个输出

/bin/bash: Mach-O universal binary with 2 architectures: [x86_64:Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64] [arm64e:Mach-O 64-bit executable arm64e]

/bin/bash (for architecture x86_64): Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64

/bin/bash (for architecture arm64e): Mach-O 64-bit executable arm64e

我看起来 x86_64 和 arm64e 都可用，但错误是

(mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'x86_64', need 'arm64e')), '/usr/local/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file), '/usr/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file)

是什么导致了这个错误，我该如何解决？

Answer 1

您使用的软件包看起来与新的 mac 硬件不兼容。您将需要运行使用 Rosetta 2，这是一个苹果系统组件。

Answer 2

我发现我需要指定架构

所以而不是

python3 make_keras_charnet_model.py

我现在用这个

arch -arm64 python3 make_keras_charnet_model.py

Answer 3

当虚拟环境处于活动状态时，我通常会重新安装有问题的软件包

pip install -U --force <package name>

Answer 4

如果您使用 macOS 64-bit universal2 installer 软件包安装 Python 3.8 或 3.9。您可以尝试使用 python3-intel64 而不是 python3.

在我的 MacBook M1 中

/usr/local/bin/python3-intel64

Answer 5

使用 Rosetta

arch -arm64 python3 -m pip install theano

Answer 6

我已经阅读了很多关于这个问题的信息，并且因为我已经从官方 Python 网站安装了 python3-intel64，所以我没有更多的麻烦）

解决方案：

转到https://www.python.org/downloads/macos/
为项目
按“下载 macOS 64 位 universal2 安装程序”
从存档安装 Python（从那一刻起，您可以使用“python3-intel64”命令运行 Python 而不仅仅是“python ")
从您安装的基础解释器在项目中创建新的 venv
将所有要求安装到 venv
利润！！！

arch x86_64 和 arm64e 可用，但 python3 表示 Mac M1 上的架构不兼容

arch x86_64 and arm64e is available but python3 is saying incompatible architecture on Mac M1

python

apple-m1