如何将结构数组转换为spark中的结构?

How convert array of struct into struct in spark?

数据集中有一个数组字段,如:

my_array:
[
{id: 1, value: x},
{id: 2, value: y}
]

如何制作:

my_strcut: {
  1: {value: x},
  2: {value: y}
}

我已经尝试 map_from_entriestransform 但仍然有结构数组作为输出。

已更新

有一个数据集从 json 读取数据。这样的数据:

{"id":1, ... "arrayOfStructs" : [{"name": "x", "key":"value"}, {"name": "y", "key":"value2"}]}

输出应该是这样的:

{"id":1, ... "structsOnly" : { "x": {"name": "x", "key":"value"}}, { "y": {"name": "y", "key":"value2"}}}

我认为在这种情况下您想使用 MapType 而不是 StructType,因为结构要求您知道字段 id 的所有值。像这样使用 transform + aggregate 函数:

val df1 = df.withColumn(
    "structsOnly",
    expr("""aggregate(
              transform(arrayOfStructs, x -> map(x.name, x)), 
              cast(map() as map<string,struct<name:string,key:string>>), 
              (acc, x) -> map_concat(acc, x)
           )
    """)
  ).drop("arrayOfStructs")

df1.printSchema
//root
// |-- id: integer (nullable = false)
// |-- structsOnly: map (nullable = true)
// |    |-- key: string
// |    |-- value: struct (valueContainsNull = true)
// |    |    |-- name: string (nullable = true)
// |    |    |-- key: string (nullable = true)

df1.toJSON.show(false)
//+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
//|value                                                                                  |
//+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
//|{"id":1,"structsOnly":{"x":{"name":"x","key":"value"},"y":{"name":"y","key":"value2"}}}|
//+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

现在,如果您真的想要结构类型的列,那么您需要收集字段的所有可能值 key,然后像这样构建列:

val keys = df1.select(map_keys($"structsOnly")).as[Seq[String]].collect.flatten.distinct

val df2 = df1.withColumn(
  "structsOnly",
  struct(keys.map(k => col("structsOnly").getField(k).as(k)): _*)
)