Gradle 无法 运行 单元测试 Java 17
Gradle not able to run unit tests with Java 17
当尝试将 Java 17 与 Kotlin 一起使用时，我在尝试 运行 测试。似乎测试 类 是用 Java 17 编译的，但是 Gradle 试图 运行 那些 Java 11。该项目是一个简单的项目，它是使用 start.spring.io
生成的
org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.TestSuiteExecutionException: Could not execute test class 'com.test.auth.AuthApplicationTests'.
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:53)
at java.base@11.0.2/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base@11.0.2/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base@11.0.2/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base@11.0.2/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:36)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:33)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:94)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.processTestClass(Unknown Source)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.run(TestWorker.java:176)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.executeAndMaintainThreadName(TestWorker.java:129)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.execute(TestWorker.java:100)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.execute(TestWorker.java:60)
at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.ActionExecutionWorker.execute(ActionExecutionWorker.java:56)
at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.call(SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.java:133)
at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.call(SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.java:71)
at app//worker.org.gradle.process.internal.worker.GradleWorkerMain.run(GradleWorkerMain.java:69)
at app//worker.org.gradle.process.internal.worker.GradleWorkerMain.main(GradleWorkerMain.java:74)
Caused by: java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: com/test/auth/AuthApplicationTests has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 61.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 55.0
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:1016)
at java.base/java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:174)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.defineClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:802)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.findClassOnClassPathOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:700)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClassOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:623)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:581)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:398)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.loadClass(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:110)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.access0(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:54)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.execute(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:89)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.execute(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:79)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.AbstractJUnitTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(AbstractJUnitTestClassProcessor.java:62)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:51)
... 18 more
这是 build.gradle.kts 的样子：
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompile
plugins {
id("org.springframework.boot") version "2.6.2"
id("io.spring.dependency-management") version "1.0.11.RELEASE"
kotlin("jvm") version "1.6.10"
kotlin("plugin.spring") version "1.6.10"
}
group = "com.test"
version = "0.0.1-SNAPSHOT"
java.sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator")
implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security")
implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-webflux")
implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-kotlin")
implementation("io.projectreactor.kotlin:reactor-kotlin-extensions")
implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-reflect")
implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8")
implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-reactor")
developmentOnly("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-devtools")
testImplementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")
testImplementation("io.projectreactor:reactor-test")
testImplementation("org.springframework.security:spring-security-test")
}
tasks.withType<KotlinCompile> {
kotlinOptions {
freeCompilerArgs = listOf("-Xjsr305=strict")
jvmTarget = "17"
}
}
tasks.withType<Test> {
useJUnitPlatform()
}
这是失败的测试文件：
package com.test.auth
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest
@SpringBootTest
class AuthApplicationTests {
@Test
fun contextLoads() {
}
}
我已经正确设置了所有环境变量。 JAVA_HOME 和 JRE_HOME 均已正确设置为版本 17。
尝试使用 toolchain 进行 JVM 目标配置（而不是 java.sourceCompatibility 和 kotlinOptions.jvmTarget）。这将使您的构建独立于 JVM 版本 运行 Gradle 本身：
kotlin {
jvmToolchain {
(this as JavaToolchainSpec).languageVersion.set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(17))
}
}
在测试中添加以下配置后问题得到解决。
tasks.withType<Test> {
useJUnitPlatform()
val javaToolchains = project.extensions.getByType<JavaToolchainService>()
javaLauncher.set(javaToolchains.launcherFor {
languageVersion.set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(17))
})
}
在阅读关于 Gradle JVM toolchain support in the Kotlin plugin 的 JetBrains 文档之后。根据规范使用它，Gradle 检测本地安装的 JDK 或 JRE 或下载请求的。添加以下配置解决了测试问题。
当尝试将 Java 17 与 Kotlin 一起使用时，我在尝试 运行 测试。似乎测试 类 是用 Java 17 编译的，但是 Gradle 试图 运行 那些 Java 11。该项目是一个简单的项目，它是使用 start.spring.io
生成的org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.TestSuiteExecutionException: Could not execute test class 'com.test.auth.AuthApplicationTests'.
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:53)
at java.base@11.0.2/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base@11.0.2/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base@11.0.2/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base@11.0.2/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:36)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:33)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:94)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.processTestClass(Unknown Source)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.run(TestWorker.java:176)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.executeAndMaintainThreadName(TestWorker.java:129)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.execute(TestWorker.java:100)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.execute(TestWorker.java:60)
at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.ActionExecutionWorker.execute(ActionExecutionWorker.java:56)
at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.call(SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.java:133)
at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.call(SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.java:71)
at app//worker.org.gradle.process.internal.worker.GradleWorkerMain.run(GradleWorkerMain.java:69)
at app//worker.org.gradle.process.internal.worker.GradleWorkerMain.main(GradleWorkerMain.java:74)
Caused by: java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: com/test/auth/AuthApplicationTests has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 61.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 55.0
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:1016)
at java.base/java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:174)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.defineClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:802)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.findClassOnClassPathOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:700)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClassOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:623)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:581)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:398)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.loadClass(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:110)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.access0(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:54)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.execute(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:89)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.execute(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:79)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.AbstractJUnitTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(AbstractJUnitTestClassProcessor.java:62)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:51)
... 18 more
这是 build.gradle.kts 的样子：
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompile
plugins {
id("org.springframework.boot") version "2.6.2"
id("io.spring.dependency-management") version "1.0.11.RELEASE"
kotlin("jvm") version "1.6.10"
kotlin("plugin.spring") version "1.6.10"
}
group = "com.test"
version = "0.0.1-SNAPSHOT"
java.sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator")
implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security")
implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-webflux")
implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-kotlin")
implementation("io.projectreactor.kotlin:reactor-kotlin-extensions")
implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-reflect")
implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8")
implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-reactor")
developmentOnly("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-devtools")
testImplementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")
testImplementation("io.projectreactor:reactor-test")
testImplementation("org.springframework.security:spring-security-test")
}
tasks.withType<KotlinCompile> {
kotlinOptions {
freeCompilerArgs = listOf("-Xjsr305=strict")
jvmTarget = "17"
}
}
tasks.withType<Test> {
useJUnitPlatform()
}
这是失败的测试文件：
package com.test.auth
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest
@SpringBootTest
class AuthApplicationTests {
@Test
fun contextLoads() {
}
}
我已经正确设置了所有环境变量。 JAVA_HOME 和 JRE_HOME 均已正确设置为版本 17。
尝试使用 toolchain 进行 JVM 目标配置（而不是 java.sourceCompatibility 和 kotlinOptions.jvmTarget）。这将使您的构建独立于 JVM 版本 运行 Gradle 本身：
kotlin {
jvmToolchain {
(this as JavaToolchainSpec).languageVersion.set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(17))
}
}
在测试中添加以下配置后问题得到解决。
tasks.withType<Test> {
useJUnitPlatform()
val javaToolchains = project.extensions.getByType<JavaToolchainService>()
javaLauncher.set(javaToolchains.launcherFor {
languageVersion.set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(17))
})
}
在阅读关于 Gradle JVM toolchain support in the Kotlin plugin 的 JetBrains 文档之后。根据规范使用它，Gradle 检测本地安装的 JDK 或 JRE 或下载请求的。添加以下配置解决了测试问题。