Django admin - 没有外键或多对多关系的自动完成（_field）

Question

我想知道是否有一个函数可以让我实现一个 autocomplete_field 而无需通过外键将该变量链接到另一个关系。

即我有模型 Aaa、Bbb 和 Ccc。 Bbb 和 Ccc 使用外键关联，而 Aaa 甚至通过其他模型与其他两个模型关联。现在，我希望在管理员端有一个特定字段 Ccc，它由 Aaa 中的一个字段组成，可以使用 Aaa 中的值自动完成（或者至少是一个建议功能，以便将错误降至最低）。但是，Ccc 和 Aaa 没有直接关系；因此，我发现仅仅为这个项目分配一个外键是无效的。关于如何解决这个问题有什么建议吗？

正如您从我的问题中看出的那样，我是 django 的新手，非常感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

您可以将它们子类化并进行一些猴子修补以重用 Django 的自动完成逻辑：

django.contrib.admin.widgets.AutocompleteSelect
django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin
django.contrib.admin.views.autocomplete.AutocompleteJsonView

class MyAutocompleteSelectWidget(widgets.AutocompleteSelect):
    url_name = 'my_autocomplete'

    def get_url(self):
        return reverse(self.url_name)

    def optgroups(self, name, value, attr=None):
        # Patch self.choices for non-ModelChoiceField.widget
        to_field_name = getattr(self.field.remote_field, 'field_name')
        self.choices = SimpleNamespace(
            field=SimpleNamespace(empty_values=(), label_from_instance=lambda obj: getattr(obj, to_field_name)),
            queryset=SimpleNamespace(using=lambda _: SimpleNamespace(filter=lambda **_: [SimpleNamespace(**{to_field_name: v}) for v in value])))
        return super().optgroups(name, value, attr=attr)

class MyAutocompleteModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    my_autocomplete_fields = {}

    def __init__(self, model, admin_site):
        super().__init__(model, admin_site)
        # Patch remote_field for AutocompleteJsonView.process_request
        for field_name, deferred_remote_field in self.my_autocomplete_fields.items():
            remote_field = deferred_remote_field.field
            self.model._meta.get_field(field_name).remote_field = SimpleNamespace(field_name=remote_field.attname, model=remote_field.model)

    def formfield_for_dbfield(self, db_field, request, **kwargs):
        if 'widget' not in kwargs:
            if db_field.name in self.my_autocomplete_fields:
                kwargs['widget'] = MyAutocompleteSelectWidget(db_field, self.admin_site)
        return super().formfield_for_dbfield(db_field, request, **kwargs)

    def to_field_allowed(self, request, to_field):
        # Allow search fields that are not referenced by foreign key fields
        if to_field in self.search_fields:
            return True
        return super().to_field_allowed(request, to_field)

class MyAutocompleteJsonView(autocomplete.AutocompleteJsonView):

    def get_queryset(self):
        # Patch get_limit_choices_to for non-foreign key field
        self.source_field.get_limit_choices_to = lambda: {}
        return super().get_queryset()

    def process_request(self, request):
        term, model_admin, source_field, to_field_name = super().process_request(request)
        # Store to_field_name for use in get_context_data
        self.to_field_name = to_field_name
        return term, model_admin, source_field, to_field_name

    def get_context_data(self, *, object_list=None, **kwargs):
        context_data = super().get_context_data(object_list=object_list, **kwargs)
        # Patch __str__ to use to_field_name for `str(obj)` in AutocompleteJsonView.get
        for obj in context_data['object_list']:
            obj_type = type(obj)
            new_obj_type = type(obj_type.__name__, (obj_type,), {'__str__': lambda _self: getattr(_self, self.to_field_name), '__module__': obj_type.__module__})
            obj.__class__ = new_obj_type
        return context_data

用法：

@admin.register(Aaa)
class AaaAdmin(MyAutocompleteModelAdmin):
    search_fields = ('a_field',)


@admin.register(Ccc)
class CccAdmin(MyAutocompleteModelAdmin):
    my_autocomplete_fields = {
        'a_specific_field': Aaa.a_field,
    }

path('my_autocomplete', MyAutocompleteJsonView.as_view(admin_site=admin.site), name='my_autocomplete')

Django admin - 没有外键或多对多关系的自动完成（_field）

Django admin - autocomplete(_field) without foreignkey or manytomany relationship

django

entity-relationship

foreign-keys

django-models