使用具有自定义格式的 ToString() 格式化日期会导致输出不一致

Question

我使用 powershell 脚本导出了所有存在的 DHCP 服务器的列表以及服务器上的范围。结果必须在 python 中的第二个脚本中进行解析。（那是我们监控的系统）。

这是脚本：

$DHCPServers = (Get-DhcpServerInDC).Dnsname
$Scopes = @()
$Leases = @()
foreach ($DHCPServer in $DHCPServers) {
    $Scopes += Get-DhcpServerv4Scope -ComputerName $DHCPServer | select-Object @{Name="DHCPServer"; Expression = {$DHCPServer}},ScopeID,Name,StartRange,EndRange
}

$Scopes | Export-Csv -path .\DHCP_Freeleases-Scopes-get.csv -Encoding utf8 -NoTypeInformation

foreach ($Scope in $Scopes) {
    $Leases += Get-DHCPServerv4Lease -ScopeId $Scope.ScopeID -ComputerName $Scope.DHCPServer | select-Object @{Name="DHCPServer"; Expression = {$Scope.DHCPServer}}, IPAddress, @{Name="LeaseExpiryTime"; Expression = {$_.LeaseExpiryTime.toString("yyyy/MM/dd/HH:mm")}}, @{Name="ScopeID"; Expression = {$Scope.ScopeID}}, Addressstate
}

$Leases | Export-Csv -path .\DHCP_Freeleases-Leases-get.csv -Encoding utf8 -NoTypeInformation

虽然我在本地 DHCP 服务器（Windows 服务器 2012 R2）上编写了该脚本，但 CSV 导出是我想要的方式：

"dhcp1.server.intern","10.26.9.202","2022/01/25/08:22","172.26.9.192","Active"

现在我将脚本部署到不同的服务器（Windows Server 2019），完全相同的脚本给了我这个 CSVline：

"dhcp1.server.intern","10.26.9.202","2022.01.25.08:22","172.26.9.192","Active"

我想明白：怎么会这样？我以为 .toString() 用我的参数给出了它？

感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

DateTime.ToString() 方法将正斜杠和冒号视为格式说明符。这意味着它们可以被 locale-specific 个字符替换。

来自documentation:

The "d", "f", "F", "g", "h", "H", "K", "m", "M", "s", "t", "y", "z", ":", or "/" characters in a format string are interpreted as custom format specifiers rather than as literal characters. To prevent a character from being interpreted as a format specifier, you can precede it with a backslash (), which is the escape character.

要强制使用固定格式，只需使用反斜杠转义这些字符：

$_.LeaseExpiryTime.toString("yyyy\/MM\/dd\/HH\:mm")

正如您在评论中指出的那样，您也可以使用 predefined format，例如 's' (ISO 8601)，即 locale-independent 的定义：

$_.LeaseExpiryTime.toString('s')

输出看起来像 2022-01-25T11:20:26。

使用具有自定义格式的 ToString() 格式化日期会导致输出不一致

Date formatted using ToString() with a custom format results in inconsistent output

csv

powershell

datetime

date-formatting