OWL API saveOntology() 调用中出现 NoSuchMethodError
OWL API NoSuchMethodError in saveOntology() call
我正在尝试通过终端调用 OWL API java 程序，但它崩溃了，而当我 运行 它在 IntelliJ 中。
我的主要代码中出现的异常是这样的：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: 'boolean org.semanticweb.owlapi.io.RDFResource.idRequiredForIndividualOrAxiom()'
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.rdfxml.renderer.RDFXMLRenderer.render(RDFXMLRenderer.java:204)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.render(RDFRendererBase.java:448)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.renderOntologyHeader(RDFRendererBase.java:441)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.render(RDFRendererBase.java:247)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.rdfxml.renderer.RDFXMLStorer.storeOntology(RDFXMLStorer.java:51)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.AbstractOWLStorer.storeOntology(AbstractOWLStorer.java:142)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.AbstractOWLStorer.storeOntology(AbstractOWLStorer.java:106)
at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLOntologyManagerImpl.saveOntology(OWLOntologyManagerImpl.java:1347)
at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLOntologyManagerImpl.saveOntology(OWLOntologyManagerImpl.java:1333)
at com.stelios.JavaExplanations.main(JavaExplanations.java:112)
似乎在 RDFResource 对象上调用 idRequiredForIndividualOrAxiom() 没有找到 RDFNode class 继承的方法，但我不知道为什么.
为了 post 这里，我在一个最小的例子中只保留了 saveOntology 调用，抛出的异常与额外的步骤相同：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: 'boolean org.semanticweb.owlapi.io.RDFResource.idRequiredForIndividualOrAxiom()'
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.rdfxml.renderer.RDFXMLRenderer.render(RDFXMLRenderer.java:204)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.rdfxml.renderer.RDFXMLRenderer.render(RDFXMLRenderer.java:249)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.renderEntity(RDFRendererBase.java:298)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.render(RDFRendererBase.java:292)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.lambda$renderEntities(RDFRendererBase.java:285)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.accept(ForEachOps.java:183)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:177)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList$Itr.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1033)
at java.base/java.util.Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterators.java:1801)
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:484)
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:150)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:173)
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:497)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.renderEntities(RDFRendererBase.java:285)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.renderInOntologySignatureEntities(RDFRendererBase.java:269)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.renderOntologyComponents(RDFRendererBase.java:253)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.render(RDFRendererBase.java:248)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.rdfxml.renderer.RDFXMLStorer.storeOntology(RDFXMLStorer.java:51)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.AbstractOWLStorer.storeOntology(AbstractOWLStorer.java:142)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.AbstractOWLStorer.storeOntology(AbstractOWLStorer.java:106)
at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLOntologyManagerImpl.saveOntology(OWLOntologyManagerImpl.java:1347)
at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLOntologyManagerImpl.saveOntology(OWLOntologyManagerImpl.java:1333)
at com.stelios.JavaExplanations.main(JavaExplanations.java:47)
在我的原始代码和最小示例中，我调用 java 时使用：java -cp /home/stelios/java_explanations/target/java_explanations-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar com.stelios.JavaExplanations
这是为我重复此行为的最小示例。这是 Java 代码：
package com.stelios;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.*;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.io.*;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.*;
public class JavaExplanations {
public static void main(String[] args) throws OWLOntologyCreationException, FileNotFoundException, OWLOntologyStorageException {
String ontology1 = "/home/stelios/Desktop/huiyfgds/ONTO_ASRTD_hz162pai";
String ontology2 = "/home/stelios/Desktop/huiyfgds/ONTO_INFRD_hz162pai";
OWLOntologyManager ontology_manager = OWLManager.createOWLOntologyManager();
OWLOntology asserted_ontology = ontology_manager.loadOntologyFromOntologyDocument(new File(ontology1));
ontology_manager.saveOntology(asserted_ontology, new StreamDocumentTarget(new FileOutputStream(ontology2)));
}
}
这是 IntelliJ 中的 pom.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.stelios.expl</groupId>
<artifactId>java_explanations</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sourceforge.owlapi/owlexplanation -->
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sourceforge.owlapi</groupId>
<artifactId>owlexplanation</artifactId>
<version>5.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sourceforge.owlapi</groupId>
<artifactId>owlapi-distribution</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sourceforge.owlapi</groupId>
<artifactId>org.semanticweb.hermit</artifactId>
<version>1.4.5.519</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.32</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId>
<version>1.7.32</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifestFile>src/main/resources/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF</manifestFile>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.java</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>
我认为这很可能是一些 dependency/version 错误，但我不明白这是怎么回事。我将我需要的所有东西打包在我给出的 jar 文件中作为 class 路径，在 pom.xml 中定义了想要的版本，在这个 jar 中我只能找到一个 org/semanticweb/owlapi/io/RDFResource.class文件。
阅读 and 我考虑过 OWL API 的 2 个不同版本，因为我有另一个 .jar OWL API 版本 3.4。 9 在其中，在目录树中。我移动了文件并重建了 maven 包只是为了确定，并且（正如预期的那样）没有改变。
除了 saveOntology() 调用之外，我的原始程序按预期工作。
唯一不寻常的是 IntelliJ 给我一个 Plugin 'maven-assembly-plugin:' not found 问题，我没有设法以任何方式解决它，并且一直忽略它，因为它不是问题在我需要的任何操作中。 （当然，如果你知道如何解决，请给我建议，但我的主要问题是前面提到的异常）。
编辑 这是 mvn dependency:tree 输出。
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] -----------------< com.stelios.expl:java_explanations >-----------------
[INFO] Building java_explanations 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.8:tree (default-cli) @ java_explanations ---
[INFO] com.stelios.expl:java_explanations:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlexplanation:jar:5.0.0:compile
[INFO] | +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-api:jar:5.1.19:compile (version selected from constraint [5.0.0,5.9.9])
[INFO] | | \- javax.inject:javax.inject:jar:1:compile
[INFO] | +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-tools:jar:5.1.19:compile (version selected from constraint [5.0.0,5.9.9])
[INFO] | \- net.sourceforge.owlapi:telemetry:jar:5.0.0:compile
[INFO] | \- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-parsers:jar:5.1.19:compile (version selected from constraint [5.0.0,5.9.9])
[INFO] +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-distribution:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-compatibility:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | | \- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-apibinding:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | | +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-impl:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | | +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-oboformat:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | | \- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-rio:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.9.7:compile
[INFO] | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.9.7:compile
[INFO] | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.9.7:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.commons:commons-rdf-api:jar:0.5.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.tukaani:xz:jar:1.6:compile
[INFO] | +- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.22:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-model:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-api:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-languages:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-datatypes:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-binary:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-n3:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-nquads:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-ntriples:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-rdfjson:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-jsonld:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:jar:4.5.2:compile
[INFO] | | | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:jar:4.4.4:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient-cache:jar:4.5.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-rdfxml:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-trix:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-turtle:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-trig:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-util:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- com.github.jsonld-java:jsonld-java:jar:0.12.0:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient-osgi:jar:4.5.5:compile
[INFO] | | | +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpmime:jar:4.5.5:compile
[INFO] | | | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:fluent-hc:jar:4.5.5:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore-osgi:jar:4.4.9:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore-nio:jar:4.4.9:compile
[INFO] | +- com.github.vsonnier:hppcrt:jar:0.7.5:compile
[INFO] | +- com.github.ben-manes.caffeine:caffeine:jar:2.6.1:compile
[INFO] | +- com.google.guava:guava:jar:22.0:compile (version selected from constraint [18.0,22.0])
[INFO] | | +- com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:jar:2.0.18:compile
[INFO] | | +- com.google.j2objc:j2objc-annotations:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.codehaus.mojo:animal-sniffer-annotations:jar:1.14:compile
[INFO] | +- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:jar:3.0.2:compile (version selected from constraint [2.0.0,4))
[INFO] | \- commons-io:commons-io:jar:2.5:compile
[INFO] +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:org.semanticweb.hermit:jar:1.4.5.519:compile
[INFO] | +- commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.ws.commons.axiom:axiom-api:jar:1.2.14:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-activation_1.1_spec:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-javamail_1.4_spec:jar:1.7.1:compile
[INFO] | | +- jaxen:jaxen:jar:1.1.4:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-stax-api_1.0_spec:jar:1.0.1:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.apache.james:apache-mime4j-core:jar:0.7.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.ws.commons.axiom:axiom-c14n:jar:1.2.14:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.ws.commons.axiom:axiom-impl:jar:1.2.14:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.codehaus.woodstox:woodstox-core-asl:jar:4.1.4:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.codehaus.woodstox:stax2-api:jar:3.1.1:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.ws.commons.axiom:axiom-dom:jar:1.2.14:compile
[INFO] | +- dk.brics.automaton:automaton:jar:1.11-8:compile
[INFO] | +- gnu.getopt:java-getopt:jar:1.0.13:compile
[INFO] | \- net.sf.trove4j:trove4j:jar:3.0.3:compile
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.22:compile
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:slf4j-nop:jar:1.7.32:compile
[INFO] \- org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-assembly-plugin:maven-plugin:3.3.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven:maven-plugin-api:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.sisu:sisu-inject-plexus:jar:1.4.2:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.sisu:sisu-inject-bean:jar:1.4.2:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.sisu:sisu-guice:jar:noaop:2.1.7:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven:maven-core:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-settings:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-settings-builder:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-repository-metadata:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-model-builder:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-aether-provider:jar:3.0:runtime
[INFO] | +- org.sonatype.aether:aether-impl:jar:1.7:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.sonatype.aether:aether-spi:jar:1.7:compile
[INFO] | +- org.sonatype.aether:aether-api:jar:1.7:compile
[INFO] | +- org.sonatype.aether:aether-util:jar:1.7:compile
[INFO] | +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-classworlds:jar:2.2.3:compile
[INFO] | +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-component-annotations:jar:1.5.5:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.plexus:plexus-sec-dispatcher:jar:1.3:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.plexus:plexus-cipher:jar:1.4:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven:maven-artifact:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven:maven-model:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven.shared:maven-common-artifact-filters:jar:3.1.0:compile
[INFO] | \- org.apache.maven.shared:maven-shared-utils:jar:3.1.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven.shared:maven-artifact-transfer:jar:0.11.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-interpolation:jar:1.25:compile
[INFO] +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-archiver:jar:4.2.1:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.commons:commons-compress:jar:1.19:compile
[INFO] | \- org.iq80.snappy:snappy:jar:0.4:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven.shared:file-management:jar:3.0.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven.shared:maven-shared-io:jar:3.0.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-compat:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | \- org.apache.maven.wagon:wagon-provider-api:jar:2.10:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven.shared:maven-filtering:jar:3.1.1:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.plexus:plexus-build-api:jar:0.0.7:compile
[INFO] +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-io:jar:3.2.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven:maven-archiver:jar:3.5.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-utils:jar:3.3.0:compile
[INFO] \- commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.6:compile
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.339 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-01-27T13:06:01+02:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Process finished with exit code 0
从 post 的评论中可以看出，我的问题已解决，所以我想我会在这里收集一个结束答案，以免 post 悬而未决。
实际解决方案：如 nicely by @UninformedUser所述，问题是我的依赖项中有冲突的 maven 包版本。使所有内容彼此同步解决了这个问题。
偶然的解决方案：正如我在评论中所写, specifically defining <version>3.3.0</version> for the maven-assembly-plugin happened to solve the issue. But this was only chance, as explained by @Ignazio，只是因为“组装”东西的顺序改变了，覆盖了冲突的包。
非常感谢两位的帮助。
我正在尝试通过终端调用 OWL API java 程序，但它崩溃了，而当我 运行 它在 IntelliJ 中。
我的主要代码中出现的异常是这样的：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: 'boolean org.semanticweb.owlapi.io.RDFResource.idRequiredForIndividualOrAxiom()'
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.rdfxml.renderer.RDFXMLRenderer.render(RDFXMLRenderer.java:204)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.render(RDFRendererBase.java:448)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.renderOntologyHeader(RDFRendererBase.java:441)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.render(RDFRendererBase.java:247)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.rdfxml.renderer.RDFXMLStorer.storeOntology(RDFXMLStorer.java:51)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.AbstractOWLStorer.storeOntology(AbstractOWLStorer.java:142)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.AbstractOWLStorer.storeOntology(AbstractOWLStorer.java:106)
at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLOntologyManagerImpl.saveOntology(OWLOntologyManagerImpl.java:1347)
at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLOntologyManagerImpl.saveOntology(OWLOntologyManagerImpl.java:1333)
at com.stelios.JavaExplanations.main(JavaExplanations.java:112)
似乎在 RDFResource 对象上调用 idRequiredForIndividualOrAxiom() 没有找到 RDFNode class 继承的方法，但我不知道为什么.
为了 post 这里，我在一个最小的例子中只保留了 saveOntology 调用，抛出的异常与额外的步骤相同：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: 'boolean org.semanticweb.owlapi.io.RDFResource.idRequiredForIndividualOrAxiom()'
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.rdfxml.renderer.RDFXMLRenderer.render(RDFXMLRenderer.java:204)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.rdfxml.renderer.RDFXMLRenderer.render(RDFXMLRenderer.java:249)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.renderEntity(RDFRendererBase.java:298)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.render(RDFRendererBase.java:292)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.lambda$renderEntities(RDFRendererBase.java:285)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.accept(ForEachOps.java:183)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:177)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList$Itr.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1033)
at java.base/java.util.Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterators.java:1801)
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:484)
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:150)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:173)
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:497)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.renderEntities(RDFRendererBase.java:285)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.renderInOntologySignatureEntities(RDFRendererBase.java:269)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.renderOntologyComponents(RDFRendererBase.java:253)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.RDFRendererBase.render(RDFRendererBase.java:248)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.rdfxml.renderer.RDFXMLStorer.storeOntology(RDFXMLStorer.java:51)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.AbstractOWLStorer.storeOntology(AbstractOWLStorer.java:142)
at org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.AbstractOWLStorer.storeOntology(AbstractOWLStorer.java:106)
at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLOntologyManagerImpl.saveOntology(OWLOntologyManagerImpl.java:1347)
at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLOntologyManagerImpl.saveOntology(OWLOntologyManagerImpl.java:1333)
at com.stelios.JavaExplanations.main(JavaExplanations.java:47)
在我的原始代码和最小示例中，我调用 java 时使用：java -cp /home/stelios/java_explanations/target/java_explanations-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar com.stelios.JavaExplanations
这是为我重复此行为的最小示例。这是 Java 代码：
package com.stelios;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.*;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.io.*;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.*;
public class JavaExplanations {
public static void main(String[] args) throws OWLOntologyCreationException, FileNotFoundException, OWLOntologyStorageException {
String ontology1 = "/home/stelios/Desktop/huiyfgds/ONTO_ASRTD_hz162pai";
String ontology2 = "/home/stelios/Desktop/huiyfgds/ONTO_INFRD_hz162pai";
OWLOntologyManager ontology_manager = OWLManager.createOWLOntologyManager();
OWLOntology asserted_ontology = ontology_manager.loadOntologyFromOntologyDocument(new File(ontology1));
ontology_manager.saveOntology(asserted_ontology, new StreamDocumentTarget(new FileOutputStream(ontology2)));
}
}
这是 IntelliJ 中的 pom.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.stelios.expl</groupId>
<artifactId>java_explanations</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sourceforge.owlapi/owlexplanation -->
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sourceforge.owlapi</groupId>
<artifactId>owlexplanation</artifactId>
<version>5.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sourceforge.owlapi</groupId>
<artifactId>owlapi-distribution</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sourceforge.owlapi</groupId>
<artifactId>org.semanticweb.hermit</artifactId>
<version>1.4.5.519</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.32</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId>
<version>1.7.32</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifestFile>src/main/resources/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF</manifestFile>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.java</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>
我认为这很可能是一些 dependency/version 错误，但我不明白这是怎么回事。我将我需要的所有东西打包在我给出的 jar 文件中作为 class 路径，在 pom.xml 中定义了想要的版本，在这个 jar 中我只能找到一个 org/semanticweb/owlapi/io/RDFResource.class文件。
阅读
除了 saveOntology() 调用之外，我的原始程序按预期工作。
唯一不寻常的是 IntelliJ 给我一个 Plugin 'maven-assembly-plugin:' not found 问题，我没有设法以任何方式解决它，并且一直忽略它，因为它不是问题在我需要的任何操作中。 （当然，如果你知道如何解决，请给我建议，但我的主要问题是前面提到的异常）。
编辑 这是 mvn dependency:tree 输出。
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] -----------------< com.stelios.expl:java_explanations >-----------------
[INFO] Building java_explanations 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.8:tree (default-cli) @ java_explanations ---
[INFO] com.stelios.expl:java_explanations:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlexplanation:jar:5.0.0:compile
[INFO] | +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-api:jar:5.1.19:compile (version selected from constraint [5.0.0,5.9.9])
[INFO] | | \- javax.inject:javax.inject:jar:1:compile
[INFO] | +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-tools:jar:5.1.19:compile (version selected from constraint [5.0.0,5.9.9])
[INFO] | \- net.sourceforge.owlapi:telemetry:jar:5.0.0:compile
[INFO] | \- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-parsers:jar:5.1.19:compile (version selected from constraint [5.0.0,5.9.9])
[INFO] +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-distribution:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-compatibility:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | | \- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-apibinding:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | | +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-impl:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | | +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-oboformat:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | | \- net.sourceforge.owlapi:owlapi-rio:jar:5.1.9:compile
[INFO] | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.9.7:compile
[INFO] | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.9.7:compile
[INFO] | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.9.7:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.commons:commons-rdf-api:jar:0.5.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.tukaani:xz:jar:1.6:compile
[INFO] | +- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.22:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-model:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-api:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-languages:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-datatypes:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-binary:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-n3:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-nquads:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-ntriples:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-rdfjson:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-jsonld:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:jar:4.5.2:compile
[INFO] | | | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:jar:4.4.4:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient-cache:jar:4.5.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-rdfxml:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-trix:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-turtle:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-rio-trig:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.eclipse.rdf4j:rdf4j-util:jar:2.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- com.github.jsonld-java:jsonld-java:jar:0.12.0:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient-osgi:jar:4.5.5:compile
[INFO] | | | +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpmime:jar:4.5.5:compile
[INFO] | | | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:fluent-hc:jar:4.5.5:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore-osgi:jar:4.4.9:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore-nio:jar:4.4.9:compile
[INFO] | +- com.github.vsonnier:hppcrt:jar:0.7.5:compile
[INFO] | +- com.github.ben-manes.caffeine:caffeine:jar:2.6.1:compile
[INFO] | +- com.google.guava:guava:jar:22.0:compile (version selected from constraint [18.0,22.0])
[INFO] | | +- com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:jar:2.0.18:compile
[INFO] | | +- com.google.j2objc:j2objc-annotations:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.codehaus.mojo:animal-sniffer-annotations:jar:1.14:compile
[INFO] | +- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:jar:3.0.2:compile (version selected from constraint [2.0.0,4))
[INFO] | \- commons-io:commons-io:jar:2.5:compile
[INFO] +- net.sourceforge.owlapi:org.semanticweb.hermit:jar:1.4.5.519:compile
[INFO] | +- commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.ws.commons.axiom:axiom-api:jar:1.2.14:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-activation_1.1_spec:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-javamail_1.4_spec:jar:1.7.1:compile
[INFO] | | +- jaxen:jaxen:jar:1.1.4:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-stax-api_1.0_spec:jar:1.0.1:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.apache.james:apache-mime4j-core:jar:0.7.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.ws.commons.axiom:axiom-c14n:jar:1.2.14:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.ws.commons.axiom:axiom-impl:jar:1.2.14:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.codehaus.woodstox:woodstox-core-asl:jar:4.1.4:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.codehaus.woodstox:stax2-api:jar:3.1.1:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.ws.commons.axiom:axiom-dom:jar:1.2.14:compile
[INFO] | +- dk.brics.automaton:automaton:jar:1.11-8:compile
[INFO] | +- gnu.getopt:java-getopt:jar:1.0.13:compile
[INFO] | \- net.sf.trove4j:trove4j:jar:3.0.3:compile
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.22:compile
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:slf4j-nop:jar:1.7.32:compile
[INFO] \- org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-assembly-plugin:maven-plugin:3.3.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven:maven-plugin-api:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.sisu:sisu-inject-plexus:jar:1.4.2:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.sisu:sisu-inject-bean:jar:1.4.2:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.sisu:sisu-guice:jar:noaop:2.1.7:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven:maven-core:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-settings:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-settings-builder:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-repository-metadata:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-model-builder:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-aether-provider:jar:3.0:runtime
[INFO] | +- org.sonatype.aether:aether-impl:jar:1.7:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.sonatype.aether:aether-spi:jar:1.7:compile
[INFO] | +- org.sonatype.aether:aether-api:jar:1.7:compile
[INFO] | +- org.sonatype.aether:aether-util:jar:1.7:compile
[INFO] | +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-classworlds:jar:2.2.3:compile
[INFO] | +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-component-annotations:jar:1.5.5:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.plexus:plexus-sec-dispatcher:jar:1.3:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.plexus:plexus-cipher:jar:1.4:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven:maven-artifact:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven:maven-model:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven.shared:maven-common-artifact-filters:jar:3.1.0:compile
[INFO] | \- org.apache.maven.shared:maven-shared-utils:jar:3.1.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven.shared:maven-artifact-transfer:jar:0.11.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-interpolation:jar:1.25:compile
[INFO] +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-archiver:jar:4.2.1:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.commons:commons-compress:jar:1.19:compile
[INFO] | \- org.iq80.snappy:snappy:jar:0.4:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven.shared:file-management:jar:3.0.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven.shared:maven-shared-io:jar:3.0.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.maven:maven-compat:jar:3.0:compile
[INFO] | \- org.apache.maven.wagon:wagon-provider-api:jar:2.10:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven.shared:maven-filtering:jar:3.1.1:compile
[INFO] | \- org.sonatype.plexus:plexus-build-api:jar:0.0.7:compile
[INFO] +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-io:jar:3.2.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven:maven-archiver:jar:3.5.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-utils:jar:3.3.0:compile
[INFO] \- commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.6:compile
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.339 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-01-27T13:06:01+02:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Process finished with exit code 0
从 post 的评论中可以看出，我的问题已解决，所以我想我会在这里收集一个结束答案，以免 post 悬而未决。
实际解决方案：如
偶然的解决方案：正如我在评论中所写<version>3.3.0</version> for the maven-assembly-plugin happened to solve the issue. But this was only chance, as explained
非常感谢两位的帮助。