如何对 Map<String, List<CustomObject>> 进行排序?
How can I sort a Map<String, List<CustomObject>>?
我对这个问题做了很多研究,但我还没有找到一种方法来对自定义对象列表 (Map<String, List<CustomObj>>
) 的映射进行排序,基于 CustomObj
属性的比较 (如 SORT_BY_NAME
、SORT_BY_DATE
等)。
我的问题的一个激励性示例是:
- 我有一个自定义对象:
Person
(属性为 Name
、DateOfBith
等...);
- 我有一个
Map
的 Person
对象 List
作为:Map<String, List<Person>>
。地图键是一个String
用于其他目的;
- 我想创建一个比较器和一个排序方法,根据
Person
对象的属性(名称、日期等)之间的比较,按升序对地图进行排序
为简单起见,我报告了真实代码,但适用于 Person
对象的简化情况,因为它已经代表了实体的概念。
Person.java
-> 自定义对象
public class Person {
private String name;
private Date dateOfBirth;
...
// Empty and Full attrs Constructors
...
// Getter and Setter
...
// Comparator by name
public static Comparator<Person> COMPARE_BY_NAME = Comparator.comparing(one -> one.name);
// Comparator by date
public static Comparator<Person> COMPARE_BY_DATE = Comparator.comparing(one -> one.dateOfBirth);
}
Sorter.java
-> 排序对象
public class Sorter {
// List Comparator of Person by Date
public static final Comparator<? super List<Person>> COMPARATOR_BY_DATE = (Comparator<List<Person>>) (p1, p2) -> {
for (Persontab person1: p1) {
for (Person person2: p2) {
return Person.COMPARE_BY_DATE.compare(person1, person2);
}
}
return 0;
};
// List Comparator of Person by Name
public static final Comparator<? super List<Person>> COMPARATOR_BY_NAME = (Comparator<List<Person>>) (p1, p2) -> {
for (Persontab person1: p1) {
for (Person person2: p2) {
return Person.COMPARE_BY_NAME.compare(person1, person2);
}
}
return 0;
};
// Sorting method
public Map<String, List<Person>> sort(Map<String, List<Person>> map, Comparator<? super List<Person>> comparator) {
return map.entrySet()
.stream()
.sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByValue(comparator))
.collect(Collectors.toMap(Map.Entry::getKey, Map.Entry::getValue, (v1, v2) -> v1, LinkedHashMap::new));
}
}
Main.java
-> 起始码
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Map<String, List<Person>> exampleMap = new HashMap<>();
List<Person> personList = new ArrayList<>();
personList.add(new Person("name1", new Date("2022-01-01")));
personList.add(new Person("name12", new Date("2022-01-05")));
personList.add(new Person("name13", new Date("2022-01-03")));
map.put("2022-01", personList);
personList.clear();
personList.add(new Person("name14", new Date("2021-02-01")));
personList.add(new Person("name3", new Date("2021-02-05")));
personList.add(new Person("name4", new Date("2021-02-03")));
map.put("2021-02", personList);
Sorter sorter = new Sorter();
// Example of sorting by date
map = sorter.sort(exampleMap, Sorter.COMPARATOR_BY_DATE);
// In this case the sorting works correctly, or rather it sorts the items by date as I expect
// Example of sorting by name
map = sorter.sort(exampleMap, Sorter.COMPARATOR_BY_NAME);
// In this case, I don't think sorting works correctly. Sort each list of elements for each key in ascending order. But it doesn't sort the map elements.
/* I expect to have the following map when sort by date:
"2021-02": [
Person("name14", new Date("2021-02-01")),
Person("name4", new Date("2021-02-03")),
Person("name3", new Date("2021-02-05"))
],
"2022-01": [
Person("name14", new Date("2021-02-01")),
Person("name13", new Date("2022-01-03")),
Person("name12", new Date("2022-01-05"))
]
}
}
首先,让我们重申:HashMap
是无序的,所以您需要其他东西。您的 Sorter.sort()
方法实际上将值收集到 LinkedHashMap
中,它提供基于插入顺序的迭代顺序,并且适合您的用例。只是为了清楚(也是为了其他人):这不会对地图本身进行排序,而是创建一个新的 LinkedHashMap
.
现在你的比较器:如果你想比较 2 个列表,你可能想比较相同索引的元素。因此你的比较器需要是这样的:
Comparator<List<Person>> = (l1, l2) -> {
Iterator<Person> itr1 = l1.iterator();
Iterator<Person> itr2 = l2.iterator();
while( itr1.hasNext() && itr2.hasNext() ) {
Person p1 = itr1.next();
Person p2 = itr1.next();
int result = Person.COMPARE_BY_DATE.compare(p1, p2);
if( result != 0 ) {
return result;
}
}
return 0;
};
但是,列表的长度也可能不同,因此您可能也想处理它:
Comparator<List<Person>> = (l1, l2) -> {
//iterators and loop here
//after the loop it seems all elements at equal indices are equal too
//now compare the sizes
return Integer.compare(l1.size(), l2.size());
}
按照@Thomas 的建议,在TreeMap<>
中,通过更改我上面代码中使用的Map
的类型,我找到了问题的解决方案如下:
- 我首先将所有
Person
个对象列表合并为一个列表。然后根据所选标准对其进行排序,例如 Person.COMPARE_BY_NAME
;
- 我创建了一种算法,可以根据我的项目标准在地图中 re-group 排序列表。此映射的键对应于
Person
对象的月份 + 年份的串联。
算法在评论底部报告;
- 我根据选择的属性对地图进行排序,例如
Sorter.COMPARATOR_BY_NAME
;
Di seguito il codice è come segue:
将所有 List<Person>
合并到一个 -> 主地图或创建地图之前的某处
...
//
List<Person> newPersonList = new ArrayList<>();
newPersonList.addAll(oldPersonList1);
newPersonList.addAll(oldPersonList2);
...
主地图或创建地图之前的某处
...
groupList(Person.COMPARE_BY_NAME, Sorter.COMPARATOR_BY_NAME);
...
GroupPerson -> 将合并的 List<Person>
分组到 TreeMap<String, List<Person>>
中的方法
public Map<String, List<Person>> groupList(final Comparator<? super Person> itemComparator, final Comparator<? super List<Person>> listComparator)
// Sort Person list by comparator before create TreeSet
newPersonList.sort(itemComparator);
Map<String, List<Person>> personMapGrouped = new TreeMap<>();
// Here, create a Map of list
for (Person person: newPersonList) {
final SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy MM", Locale.getDefault());
final String groupKey = dateFormat.format(person.getDateOfBirth());
if (personMapGrouped.containsKey(groupKey)) {
// The key is already in the TreeMap; add the Person object against the existing key.
final List<Person> personListGrouped = personMapGrouped.get(groupKey);
if (personListGrouped!= null) {
personListGrouped.add(person);
}
} else {
// The key is not there in the TreeMap; create a new key-value pair
final List<Person> personListGrouped = new ArrayList<>();
personListGrouped.add(person);
personMapGrouped.put(groupKey, personListGrouped);
}
}
// Here sort the Map by params passed
final TabPersonSorter sorter = new TabPersonSorter();
personMapGrouped = sorter.sort(personMapGrouped, listComparator);
}
在这种情况下,使用上面main中创建的列表,得到的结果是:
"List<Person> mergedList": [
Person("name1", new Date("2022-01-01")),
Person("name3", new Date("2021-02-05")),
Person("name4", new Date("2021-02-03")),
Person("name12", new Date("2022-01-05")),
Person("name13", new Date("2022-01-03")),
Person("name14", new Date("2021-02-01"))
]
"Map<String, List<Person>> mergedMap": {
"2022-01": [
Person("name1", new Date("2022-01-01")),
Person("name12", new Date("2022-01-05")),
Person("name13", new Date("2022-01-03"))
],
"2021-02": [
Person("name3", new Date("2021-02-05")),
Person("name4", new Date("2021-02-03"))
],
"2022-02": [
Person("name14", new Date("2021-02-01"))
]
}
显然,如果地图中的分组不受年+月这样的限制性日期的约束,排序将在不同的组中产生预期的效果。
其实在按日期排序的情况下,就很好的尊重了这一点。
我对这个问题做了很多研究,但我还没有找到一种方法来对自定义对象列表 (Map<String, List<CustomObj>>
) 的映射进行排序,基于 CustomObj
属性的比较 (如 SORT_BY_NAME
、SORT_BY_DATE
等)。
我的问题的一个激励性示例是:
- 我有一个自定义对象:
Person
(属性为Name
、DateOfBith
等...); - 我有一个
Map
的Person
对象List
作为:Map<String, List<Person>>
。地图键是一个String
用于其他目的; - 我想创建一个比较器和一个排序方法,根据
Person
对象的属性(名称、日期等)之间的比较,按升序对地图进行排序
为简单起见,我报告了真实代码,但适用于 Person
对象的简化情况,因为它已经代表了实体的概念。
Person.java
-> 自定义对象
public class Person {
private String name;
private Date dateOfBirth;
...
// Empty and Full attrs Constructors
...
// Getter and Setter
...
// Comparator by name
public static Comparator<Person> COMPARE_BY_NAME = Comparator.comparing(one -> one.name);
// Comparator by date
public static Comparator<Person> COMPARE_BY_DATE = Comparator.comparing(one -> one.dateOfBirth);
}
Sorter.java
-> 排序对象
public class Sorter {
// List Comparator of Person by Date
public static final Comparator<? super List<Person>> COMPARATOR_BY_DATE = (Comparator<List<Person>>) (p1, p2) -> {
for (Persontab person1: p1) {
for (Person person2: p2) {
return Person.COMPARE_BY_DATE.compare(person1, person2);
}
}
return 0;
};
// List Comparator of Person by Name
public static final Comparator<? super List<Person>> COMPARATOR_BY_NAME = (Comparator<List<Person>>) (p1, p2) -> {
for (Persontab person1: p1) {
for (Person person2: p2) {
return Person.COMPARE_BY_NAME.compare(person1, person2);
}
}
return 0;
};
// Sorting method
public Map<String, List<Person>> sort(Map<String, List<Person>> map, Comparator<? super List<Person>> comparator) {
return map.entrySet()
.stream()
.sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByValue(comparator))
.collect(Collectors.toMap(Map.Entry::getKey, Map.Entry::getValue, (v1, v2) -> v1, LinkedHashMap::new));
}
}
Main.java
-> 起始码
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Map<String, List<Person>> exampleMap = new HashMap<>();
List<Person> personList = new ArrayList<>();
personList.add(new Person("name1", new Date("2022-01-01")));
personList.add(new Person("name12", new Date("2022-01-05")));
personList.add(new Person("name13", new Date("2022-01-03")));
map.put("2022-01", personList);
personList.clear();
personList.add(new Person("name14", new Date("2021-02-01")));
personList.add(new Person("name3", new Date("2021-02-05")));
personList.add(new Person("name4", new Date("2021-02-03")));
map.put("2021-02", personList);
Sorter sorter = new Sorter();
// Example of sorting by date
map = sorter.sort(exampleMap, Sorter.COMPARATOR_BY_DATE);
// In this case the sorting works correctly, or rather it sorts the items by date as I expect
// Example of sorting by name
map = sorter.sort(exampleMap, Sorter.COMPARATOR_BY_NAME);
// In this case, I don't think sorting works correctly. Sort each list of elements for each key in ascending order. But it doesn't sort the map elements.
/* I expect to have the following map when sort by date:
"2021-02": [
Person("name14", new Date("2021-02-01")),
Person("name4", new Date("2021-02-03")),
Person("name3", new Date("2021-02-05"))
],
"2022-01": [
Person("name14", new Date("2021-02-01")),
Person("name13", new Date("2022-01-03")),
Person("name12", new Date("2022-01-05"))
]
}
}
首先,让我们重申:HashMap
是无序的,所以您需要其他东西。您的 Sorter.sort()
方法实际上将值收集到 LinkedHashMap
中,它提供基于插入顺序的迭代顺序,并且适合您的用例。只是为了清楚(也是为了其他人):这不会对地图本身进行排序,而是创建一个新的 LinkedHashMap
.
现在你的比较器:如果你想比较 2 个列表,你可能想比较相同索引的元素。因此你的比较器需要是这样的:
Comparator<List<Person>> = (l1, l2) -> {
Iterator<Person> itr1 = l1.iterator();
Iterator<Person> itr2 = l2.iterator();
while( itr1.hasNext() && itr2.hasNext() ) {
Person p1 = itr1.next();
Person p2 = itr1.next();
int result = Person.COMPARE_BY_DATE.compare(p1, p2);
if( result != 0 ) {
return result;
}
}
return 0;
};
但是,列表的长度也可能不同,因此您可能也想处理它:
Comparator<List<Person>> = (l1, l2) -> {
//iterators and loop here
//after the loop it seems all elements at equal indices are equal too
//now compare the sizes
return Integer.compare(l1.size(), l2.size());
}
按照@Thomas 的建议,在TreeMap<>
中,通过更改我上面代码中使用的Map
的类型,我找到了问题的解决方案如下:
- 我首先将所有
Person
个对象列表合并为一个列表。然后根据所选标准对其进行排序,例如Person.COMPARE_BY_NAME
; - 我创建了一种算法,可以根据我的项目标准在地图中 re-group 排序列表。此映射的键对应于
Person
对象的月份 + 年份的串联。 算法在评论底部报告; - 我根据选择的属性对地图进行排序,例如
Sorter.COMPARATOR_BY_NAME
;
Di seguito il codice è come segue:
将所有 List<Person>
合并到一个 -> 主地图或创建地图之前的某处
...
//
List<Person> newPersonList = new ArrayList<>();
newPersonList.addAll(oldPersonList1);
newPersonList.addAll(oldPersonList2);
...
主地图或创建地图之前的某处
...
groupList(Person.COMPARE_BY_NAME, Sorter.COMPARATOR_BY_NAME);
...
GroupPerson -> 将合并的 List<Person>
分组到 TreeMap<String, List<Person>>
public Map<String, List<Person>> groupList(final Comparator<? super Person> itemComparator, final Comparator<? super List<Person>> listComparator)
// Sort Person list by comparator before create TreeSet
newPersonList.sort(itemComparator);
Map<String, List<Person>> personMapGrouped = new TreeMap<>();
// Here, create a Map of list
for (Person person: newPersonList) {
final SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy MM", Locale.getDefault());
final String groupKey = dateFormat.format(person.getDateOfBirth());
if (personMapGrouped.containsKey(groupKey)) {
// The key is already in the TreeMap; add the Person object against the existing key.
final List<Person> personListGrouped = personMapGrouped.get(groupKey);
if (personListGrouped!= null) {
personListGrouped.add(person);
}
} else {
// The key is not there in the TreeMap; create a new key-value pair
final List<Person> personListGrouped = new ArrayList<>();
personListGrouped.add(person);
personMapGrouped.put(groupKey, personListGrouped);
}
}
// Here sort the Map by params passed
final TabPersonSorter sorter = new TabPersonSorter();
personMapGrouped = sorter.sort(personMapGrouped, listComparator);
}
在这种情况下,使用上面main中创建的列表,得到的结果是:
"List<Person> mergedList": [
Person("name1", new Date("2022-01-01")),
Person("name3", new Date("2021-02-05")),
Person("name4", new Date("2021-02-03")),
Person("name12", new Date("2022-01-05")),
Person("name13", new Date("2022-01-03")),
Person("name14", new Date("2021-02-01"))
]
"Map<String, List<Person>> mergedMap": {
"2022-01": [
Person("name1", new Date("2022-01-01")),
Person("name12", new Date("2022-01-05")),
Person("name13", new Date("2022-01-03"))
],
"2021-02": [
Person("name3", new Date("2021-02-05")),
Person("name4", new Date("2021-02-03"))
],
"2022-02": [
Person("name14", new Date("2021-02-01"))
]
}
显然,如果地图中的分组不受年+月这样的限制性日期的约束,排序将在不同的组中产生预期的效果。 其实在按日期排序的情况下,就很好的尊重了这一点。