SQL 基于多列和动态列名称的服务器数据透视表

Question

我正在尝试对多列进行透视并在结果中包含动态列名。我正在使用 SQL 服务器 2014。

原始数据是这样的

CREATE TABLE #s (grp varchar(3), id varchar(4), acc varchar(5), pr float, pos_live float,  pos_yest float, fnd varchar(2))

INSERT INTO #s Values ('GR1','VX1','CFD01',25,100,95,'KY')
INSERT INTO #s Values ('GR1','VX1','UCD01',24.5,30,20,'UC')
INSERT INTO #s Values ('GR1','VX1','US1',25,10,95,'US')
INSERT INTO #s Values ('GR1','VX2','CFD01',20,10,10,'KY')
INSERT INTO #s Values ('GR1','VX2','UCD01',19,5,5,'UC')
INSERT INTO #s Values ('GR1','FVS1','CFD01',24,1,1,'KY')
INSERT INTO #s Values ('GR1','FVS1','UCD01',23,1,1,'UC')
INSERT INTO #s Values ('GR1','FVS1','EU1',23.5,1,1,'EU')
INSERT INTO #s Values ('GR2','FVS1','CFD02',24,10,10,'KY')
INSERT INTO #s Values ('GR2','FVS1','UCD02',23,10,10,'UC')
INSERT INTO #s Values ('GR2','FVS1','EU2',23.5,10,10,'EU')

我想要这个

我很难在多列上使用 pivot 函数并在结果中额外显示动态列名。

Answer 1

你可以尝试用条件聚合函数来做，SUM和CASE WHEN

SELECT grp,
       id,
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'KY'THEN pr ELSE 0 END) pr_ky,
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'UC'THEN pr ELSE 0 END) pr_uc,
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'US'THEN pr ELSE 0 END) pr_us,
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'EU'THEN pr ELSE 0 END) pr_eu,
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'KY'THEN pos_live ELSE 0 END),
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'UC'THEN pos_live ELSE 0 END),
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'US'THEN pos_live ELSE 0 END),
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'EU'THEN pos_live ELSE 0 END),
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'KY'THEN pos_yest ELSE 0 END),
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'UC'THEN pos_yest ELSE 0 END),
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'US'THEN pos_yest ELSE 0 END),
       SUM(CASE WHEN fnd = 'EU'THEN pos_yest ELSE 0 END)
FROM #s
GROUP BY grp,id
ORDER BY grp

sqlfiddle

Answer 2

您真的不想在这里明确使用 PIVOT，因为它是为了旋转 一个 列，而不是多个。 @D-Shih 的回答中的条件聚合是您想要的方式，但如果您希望查询随数据变化，则不能这样做。所以你可以使用动态 SQL:

DECLARE @s0  nvarchar(max) = N'',
        @s1  nvarchar(max) = N'', 
        @s2  nvarchar(max) = N'', 
        @s3  nvarchar(max) = N'', 
        @sql nvarchar(max) = N'';

;WITH cols AS 
(
  SELECT fnd, efnd = char(39) + fnd + char(39) FROM #s
)
SELECT @s0 += N',
   acc_' + fnd + N'     '
            + N' = MAX(CASE fnd WHEN ' + efnd 
            + N' THEN acc      END)',
       @s1 += N',
   pr_' + fnd + N'      '
            + N' = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN ' + efnd 
            + N' THEN pr       ELSE 0 END)',
       @s2 += N',
   pos_live_' + fnd 
            + N' = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN ' + efnd 
            + N' THEN pos_live ELSE 0 END)',
       @s3 += N',
   pos_yest_' + fnd 
            + N' = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN ' + efnd 
            + N' THEN pos_yest ELSE 0 END)'
FROM cols GROUP BY fnd, efnd;

SET @sql += N'SELECT grp, id' + @s0 + @s1 + @s2 + @s3 + N'
FROM #s GROUP BY grp, id ORDER BY grp;';
          
PRINT @sql;
EXEC sys.sp_executesql @sql;

打印输出：

SELECT grp, id,
   acc_EU      = MAX(CASE fnd WHEN 'EU' THEN acc      END),
   acc_KY      = MAX(CASE fnd WHEN 'KY' THEN acc      END),
   acc_UC      = MAX(CASE fnd WHEN 'UC' THEN acc      END),
   acc_US      = MAX(CASE fnd WHEN 'US' THEN acc      END),
   pr_EU       = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'EU' THEN pr       ELSE 0 END),
   pr_KY       = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'KY' THEN pr       ELSE 0 END),
   pr_UC       = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'UC' THEN pr       ELSE 0 END),
   pr_US       = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'US' THEN pr       ELSE 0 END),
   pos_live_EU = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'EU' THEN pos_live ELSE 0 END),
   pos_live_KY = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'KY' THEN pos_live ELSE 0 END),
   pos_live_UC = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'UC' THEN pos_live ELSE 0 END),
   pos_live_US = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'US' THEN pos_live ELSE 0 END),
   pos_yest_EU = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'EU' THEN pos_yest ELSE 0 END),
   pos_yest_KY = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'KY' THEN pos_yest ELSE 0 END),
   pos_yest_UC = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'UC' THEN pos_yest ELSE 0 END),
   pos_yest_US = SUM(CASE fnd WHEN 'US' THEN pos_yest ELSE 0 END)
FROM #s GROUP BY grp, id ORDER BY grp;

执行结果：

grp	id	acc_EU	acc_KY	acc_UC	acc_US	pr_EU	pr_KY	pr_UC	pr_US	pos_live_EU	pos_live_KY	pos_live_UC	pos_live_US	pos_yest_EU	pos_yest_KY	pos_yest_UC	pos_yest_US
GR1	FVS1	EU1	CFD01	UCD01	null	23.5	24	23	0	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	0
GR1	VX1	null	CFD01	UCD01	US1	0	25	24.5	25	0	100	30	10	0	95	20	95
GR1	VX2	null	CFD01	UCD01	null	0	20	19	0	0	10	5	0	0	10	5	0
GR2	FVS1	EU2	CFD02	UCD02	null	23.5	24	23	0	10	10	10	0	10	10	10	0

• 示例db<>fiddle