从 CollectionViewCell 呈现视图时，调用中缺少参数 'coder' 的参数

Question

我有一个 ViewController，里面有一个 CollectionView，还有一个 CollectionViewCell，里面有一个 TableView。当用户单击 TableViewCell 时，我想显示一个 ViewController 显示用户任务的详细视图，但我在这一行 let vc = MyTasksDetailController(). 这是我的代码：

ProfileController

final class ProfileController: UIViewController {
   
private var collectionView: UICollectionView?
    let layout = UICollectionViewFlowLayout()
        layout.scrollDirection = .vertical
        layout.minimumLineSpacing = 1
        layout.minimumInteritemSpacing = 1
        layout.sectionInset = UIEdgeInsets(top: 0, left: 1, bottom: 0, right: 1)
        let size = (view.width - 4)/3
        layout.itemSize = CGSize(width: size, height: size)
        collectionView = UICollectionView(frame: .zero,
                                          collectionViewLayout: layout)
        // Headers
        collectionView?.register(ProfileInfoHeader.self,
                                 forSupplementaryViewOfKind: UICollectionView.elementKindSectionHeader,
                                 withReuseIdentifier: ProfileInfoHeader.identifier)
        
        collectionView?.register(MyTasksCollectionCell.self,
                                 forCellWithReuseIdentifier: MyTasksCollectionCell.identifier)
        
        collectionView?.delegate = self
        collectionView?.dataSource = self
        guard let collectionView = collectionView else {
            return
     }
        view.addSubview(collectionView)
    }
extension ProfileController: UICollectionViewDelegate, UICollectionViewDataSource, UICollectionViewDelegateFlowLayout {
    func numberOfSections(in collectionView: UICollectionView) -> Int {
        return 1 
    }
    func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, numberOfItemsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return 1 
    }
func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, cellForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewCell {
        let cell = collectionView.dequeueReusableCell(withReuseIdentifier: MyTasksCollectionCell.identifier,
                                                      for: indexPath)as! MyTasksCollectionCell
        
            return cell
        
    }

MyTaskCollectionCell

class MyTasksCollectionCell: UICollectionViewCell, UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource {

func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, didSelectRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
                 tableView.deselectRow(at: indexPath, animated: true)
 let task = {() -> Add in
        switch (displayedTask) {
          case .current:
             // First segment tapped
            return self.tasks[indexPath.row]
          case past:
             // Second segment tapped
            return self.pastTasks[indexPath.row]
        }
    }()
     let vc = MyTasksDetailController() //ERROR HERE: Missing argument for parameter 'coder' in call : Insert 'coder: <#NSCoder#>'
self.present(vc, animated: true, completion: nil)

}

MyTaskTableCell

class MyPostsTableCell: UITableViewCell {
    
    var setdescriptionTitleLabel: String? {
        didSet {
            descriptionTitleLabel.text = setdescriptionTitleLabel ?? ""
        }
    }
    var setdateLabel: String? {
        didSet {
            dateLabel.text = setdateLabel ?? ""
        }
    }
    var sethourLabel: String? {
        didSet {
            hourLabel.text = sethourLabel ?? ""
        }
    }
    var setDateIcon: UIImage? {
        didSet {
            dateIcon.image = UIImage()
        }
    }
    var setHourIcon: UIImage? {
        didSet {
            hourIcon.image = UIImage()
        }
    }

MyTasksDetailController

class MyTasksDetailController: UIViewController  {

internal var task: Add? {
       didSet {
            if let task = task {
                setDescriptionLabel = task.description
                setDescriptionTitleLabel = task.descriptionTitle
             }
        }
    }    
    var setDescriptionLabel: String? {
        didSet {
            descriptionLabel.text = setDescriptionLabel ?? ""
        }
    }
    var setdescriptionTitleLabel: String? {
        didSet {
            descriptionTitleLabel.text = setdescriptionTitleLabel ?? ""
        }
    }
     let descriptionLabel: UILabel = {
        let label = UILabel()
        label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        label.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 28, weight: .bold)
        label.textAlignment = .center
        return label
    }()
    
     let descriptionTitleLabel: UILabel = {
        let label = UILabel()
        label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        label.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 18, weight: .bold)
        label.textAlignment = .center
        label.numberOfLines = 3
        return label
    }()
   let container: UIView = {
        let v = UIView()
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        v.clipsToBounds = true
        v.backgroundColor = .white
        v.layer.cornerRadius = 24

        v.backgroundColor =
            // 1
            UIColor { traitCollection in
              // 2
              switch traitCollection.userInterfaceStyle {
              case .dark:
                // 3
                 v.layer.borderColor = UIColor.label.cgColor
                return UIColor.systemBackground

              default:
                // 4
                 v.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
                return UIColor.systemBackground
              }
            }
        return v
    }()
 lazy var stackContainer: UIStackView = {
       let stackContainer = UIStackView(arrangedSubviews: [stackDesLabel, stackDesTitLabel])
        stackContainer.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        stackContainer.axis = .vertical
        stackContainer.distribution  = UIStackView.Distribution.fillEqually
       return stackContainer
   }()
    lazy var stackDesLabel: UIStackView = {
        let stackDesLabel = UIStackView(arrangedSubviews: [descriptionLabel])
        stackDesLabel.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        stackDesLabel.axis = .vertical
        stackDesLabel.distribution  = UIStackView.Distribution.fillProportionally
        return stackDesLabel
    }()
    lazy var stackDesTitLabel: UIStackView = {
       let stackDesTitLabel = UIStackView(arrangedSubviews: [descriptionTitleLabel])
        stackDesTitLabel.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        stackDesTitLabel.axis = .horizontal
        stackDesTitLabel.distribution  = UIStackView.Distribution.fillEqually
       return stackDesTitLabel
   }()
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        view.addSubview(stackDesLabel)
        view.addSubview(stackDesTitLabel)

        stackContainer.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: container.leadingAnchor).isActive = true
        stackContainer.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: container.trailingAnchor).isActive = true
        stackContainer.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: container.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
        stackContainer.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: container.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
        stackContainer.heightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: container.heightAnchor).isActive = true
        stackContainer.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: container.widthAnchor).isActive = true
        
        stackDesTitLabel.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackContainer.topAnchor, constant: 50).isActive = true
         stackDesTitLabel.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackContainer.widthAnchor).isActive = true
        stackDesTitLabel.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackContainer.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
        stackDesLabel.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackDesTitLabel.bottomAnchor, constant: 50).isActive = true
        stackDesLabel.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackContainer.leadingAnchor, constant: 5).isActive = true
        stackDesLabel.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackContainer.widthAnchor).isActive = true
 }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
    }

添加（数据结构）

struct Add {
    static var details: Add = Add()
    var descriptionTitle: String = ""
    var description: String = ""
    var id: String?
    var date: String = ""
    var hour: String = ""

    func getDict() -> [String: Any] {
              let dict = [
                          "descriptionTitle": self.descriptionTitle,
                          "description": self.description,
                          "date": self.date,
                          "hour": self.hour,
                ] as [String : Any]
               return dict
         }

}

Answer 1

正如我所怀疑的那样，问题出在 MyTasksDetailController 与您实施

required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder)

如果您只是想要一个快速的解决方案，您可以根据对您的应用程序最有意义的事情做以下两件事之一：

删除 required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder)

像这样添加你自己的初始化器：

init() {
    // Keep nil if you are not initializing from XIB
    super.init(nibName: nil, bundle: nil)
}

说明

我相信您试图实现的目标违反了初始化继承规则，这就是您收到该错误的原因。

我正在查看全部rules from here。

当您这样做时：class MyTasksDetailController: UIViewController - 如果您遵循以下规则，您将自动从 UIViewController 继承初始化程序：

自动初始化程序继承

Rule 1

If your subclass doesn’t define any designated initializers, it automatically inherits all of its superclass designated initializers.

Rule 2

If your subclass provides an implementation of all of its superclass designated initializers—either by inheriting them as per rule 1, or by providing a custom implementation as part of its definition—then it automatically inherits all of the superclass convenience initializers.

These rules apply even if your subclass adds further convenience initializers.

现在当您添加：

required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
    fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
}

它违反了规则 1，您正在添加自己的指定初始化程序，因此您丢失了之前继承的所有其他初始化程序，因此您会收到此错误：

所以现在您有 2 个选项，如前所述。

1.删除 required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder)

如果您在情节提要中创建视图控制器，则需要此版本的 init，因为在这种情况下会自动调用它。如果您不打算这样做，您可以将其删除。如果你打算在故事板中使用它，你需要完成它：

required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
    super.init(coder: aDecoder)
}

2。添加您自己的指定初始化器

通过添加 required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder)，您丢失了之前继承的默认初始化程序，因此现在您需要创建自己的初始化程序：

init() {
    // Initialize your local vars
    
    // Call designated initializer from the super class
    // Keep nil if you are not initializing from XIB
    super.init(nibName: nil, bundle: nil)
}

以下任一方法都可以解决您的问题：

更新最后的想法

以上应该可以解决您的初始化错误
但是，你会在下一行出错self.present(vc, animated: true, completion: nil)

简而言之，present (documentation reference)只能被视图控制器调用

在您的代码中 MyTasksCollectionCell 是一个 UICollectionViewCell，因此您需要通知视图控制器您的集合视图位于其中，一个单元格被点击并且视图控制器需要处理呈现新视图。

您可以通过两种方式做到这一点：

Delegates - 让您的视图控制器负责处理单元格点击并呈现另一个视图控制器
Observers - 通知您的视图控制器处理单元格点击并呈现另一个视图控制器

这两个都会

这些只是给您一个想法的快速链接，但我建议您多用谷歌搜索一下，看看哪个最适合您的情况

从 CollectionViewCell 呈现视图时，调用中缺少参数 'coder' 的参数

Missing argument for parameter 'coder' in call when presenting a view from CollectionViewCell

inheritance

initialization

uiviewcontroller

swift